NURS 5315 Endocrine Practice Test with 130 Latest
Questions and Correct Answers with Rationales / UTA
NURS 5315 Advanced Pathophysiology- Module 8
Endocrine Questions Review 2026-2027
What is the role of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
A) Promotes water retention in the kidneys
B) Increases urine production
C) Stimulates the adrenal glands
D) Lowers blood pressure - ANSWER-Answer: A) Promotes water retention in
the kidneys
Rationale: ADH helps the kidneys reabsorb water, reducing urine output and
preventing dehydration.
Which hormone is released in response to low blood sugar levels?
A) Insulin
B) Glucagon
C) Calcitonin
D) Aldosterone - ANSWER-Answer: B) Glucagon
Rationale: Glucagon, released by the pancreas, stimulates the liver to break down
glycogen and release glucose into the bloodstream.
What hormone is primarily responsible for male secondary sexual characteristics?
1
,A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Testosterone
D) Oxytocin - ANSWER-Answer: C) Testosterone
Rationale: Testosterone, produced by the testes, drives male sexual development.
What hormone is responsible for ovulation in females?
A) Progesterone
B) Estrogen
C) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
D) Oxytocin - ANSWER-Answer: C) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Rationale: LH triggers ovulation and corpus luteum formation.
Which hormone is important for stimulating uterine lining growth?
A) Testosterone
B) Progesterone
C) Oxytocin
D) Insulin - ANSWER-Answer: B) Progesterone
Rationale: Progesterone prepares the uterus for implantation.
Which hormone is secreted by the posterior pituitary gland?
A) Growth hormone
2
,B) Oxytocin
C) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
D) Prolactin - ANSWER-Answer: B) Oxytocin
Rationale: The posterior pituitary stores and releases oxytocin and antidiuretic
hormone (ADH), but does not produce them.
Which hormone plays a key role in maintaining pregnancy?
A) Oxytocin
B) Progesterone
C) Estrogen
D) Prolactin - ANSWER-Answer: B) Progesterone
Rationale: Progesterone is essential for maintaining the uterine lining and
supporting pregnancy.
What is the primary function of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?
A) Regulates calcium levels in the blood
B) Controls the secretion of steroid hormones from the adrenal cortex
C) Stimulates milk production in lactating women
D) Increases blood glucose levels - ANSWER-Answer: B) Controls the secretion
of steroid hormones from the adrenal cortex
Rationale: ACTH, produced by the anterior pituitary gland, stimulates the adrenal
cortex to release steroid hormones, particularly cortisol.
What stimulates the release of ACTH from the anterior pituitary?
3
, A) Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)
B) Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
C) Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
D) Prolactin-inhibiting hormone (PIH) - ANSWER-Answer: C) Corticotropin-
releasing hormone (CRH)
Rationale: CRH is secreted by the hypothalamus and stimulates the anterior
pituitary to release ACTH.
Which hormone regulates the body's metabolic rate?
A) ACTH
B) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
C) Insulin
D) Prolactin - ANSWER-Answer: B) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Rationale: TSH stimulates the thyroid gland to produce T3 and T4, which regulate
metabolism.
How does the body regulate cortisol levels?
A) Positive feedback loop
B) Negative feedback loop
C) Direct stimulation by the pancreas
D) Nervous system control - ANSWER-Answer: B) Negative feedback loop
Rationale: High cortisol levels inhibit CRH and ACTH secretion, preventing
excessive cortisol production.
4
Questions and Correct Answers with Rationales / UTA
NURS 5315 Advanced Pathophysiology- Module 8
Endocrine Questions Review 2026-2027
What is the role of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
A) Promotes water retention in the kidneys
B) Increases urine production
C) Stimulates the adrenal glands
D) Lowers blood pressure - ANSWER-Answer: A) Promotes water retention in
the kidneys
Rationale: ADH helps the kidneys reabsorb water, reducing urine output and
preventing dehydration.
Which hormone is released in response to low blood sugar levels?
A) Insulin
B) Glucagon
C) Calcitonin
D) Aldosterone - ANSWER-Answer: B) Glucagon
Rationale: Glucagon, released by the pancreas, stimulates the liver to break down
glycogen and release glucose into the bloodstream.
What hormone is primarily responsible for male secondary sexual characteristics?
1
,A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Testosterone
D) Oxytocin - ANSWER-Answer: C) Testosterone
Rationale: Testosterone, produced by the testes, drives male sexual development.
What hormone is responsible for ovulation in females?
A) Progesterone
B) Estrogen
C) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
D) Oxytocin - ANSWER-Answer: C) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Rationale: LH triggers ovulation and corpus luteum formation.
Which hormone is important for stimulating uterine lining growth?
A) Testosterone
B) Progesterone
C) Oxytocin
D) Insulin - ANSWER-Answer: B) Progesterone
Rationale: Progesterone prepares the uterus for implantation.
Which hormone is secreted by the posterior pituitary gland?
A) Growth hormone
2
,B) Oxytocin
C) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
D) Prolactin - ANSWER-Answer: B) Oxytocin
Rationale: The posterior pituitary stores and releases oxytocin and antidiuretic
hormone (ADH), but does not produce them.
Which hormone plays a key role in maintaining pregnancy?
A) Oxytocin
B) Progesterone
C) Estrogen
D) Prolactin - ANSWER-Answer: B) Progesterone
Rationale: Progesterone is essential for maintaining the uterine lining and
supporting pregnancy.
What is the primary function of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?
A) Regulates calcium levels in the blood
B) Controls the secretion of steroid hormones from the adrenal cortex
C) Stimulates milk production in lactating women
D) Increases blood glucose levels - ANSWER-Answer: B) Controls the secretion
of steroid hormones from the adrenal cortex
Rationale: ACTH, produced by the anterior pituitary gland, stimulates the adrenal
cortex to release steroid hormones, particularly cortisol.
What stimulates the release of ACTH from the anterior pituitary?
3
, A) Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)
B) Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
C) Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
D) Prolactin-inhibiting hormone (PIH) - ANSWER-Answer: C) Corticotropin-
releasing hormone (CRH)
Rationale: CRH is secreted by the hypothalamus and stimulates the anterior
pituitary to release ACTH.
Which hormone regulates the body's metabolic rate?
A) ACTH
B) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
C) Insulin
D) Prolactin - ANSWER-Answer: B) Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Rationale: TSH stimulates the thyroid gland to produce T3 and T4, which regulate
metabolism.
How does the body regulate cortisol levels?
A) Positive feedback loop
B) Negative feedback loop
C) Direct stimulation by the pancreas
D) Nervous system control - ANSWER-Answer: B) Negative feedback loop
Rationale: High cortisol levels inhibit CRH and ACTH secretion, preventing
excessive cortisol production.
4
