BIO 111: CH 5 TAMU Test Questions
with Complete Answers 2026 Updated.
Membrane - Answer a collage of different proteins embedded in the fluid matrix of the lipid
bilayer.
Have distinct inside and outside faces. This affects the movement of proteins synthesized in the
endomembrane system
Cell theory - Answer 1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
2. Chemical reactions necessary for life take place within cells
3. Cells arise from pre-existing cells.
4. Cells contain hereditary information in the form of DNA
Prokaryotes - Answer Single-celled
DNA concentrated in nucleoid
Cellular functions take place in the cytoplasm, where ribosomes are found
Plasma membrane and cell wall
Capsule: jelly-like outer coating for protection
Pili: bridge like structure used to transfer info
Flagella: tail-like appendage used for locomotion
Cyanobacteria - Answer Photosynthetic, oxygen-producing blue-green bacteria
Progenitor of plant chloroplasts
, Bacteria - Answer 3 basic morphotypes:
Coccus (circle)
Bacillus (rod)
Spirillum (spiral)
Eukaryotes - Answer True nucleus and organelles
CAN BE UNICELLULAR
Linear chromosomes
Some can be asexual, but most sexually reproduce
Evolved from prokaryotic ancestor via endosymbiosis
Ex. Protists, Plants, Fungi, Animals
Endosymbiosis - Answer "Within same life form"
A theorized process in which early eukaryotic cells were formed from simpler prokaryotes.
Evidence supporting endosymbiosis - Answer 1. Chloroplasts and mitochondria have two
membranes (expected if large prokaryote ingested a smaller one)
2. Chloroplasts and mitochondria have their own chromosomes (Circular and share sequences
in common with cyanobactera and proteobacteria respectively)
3. Chloroplasts and mitochondria have ribosomes similar in structure to other prokaryotes
4. Chloroplasts and mitochondria reproduce by binary fission, the same as prokaryotes
Plant cells - Answer 1. Cell wall
with Complete Answers 2026 Updated.
Membrane - Answer a collage of different proteins embedded in the fluid matrix of the lipid
bilayer.
Have distinct inside and outside faces. This affects the movement of proteins synthesized in the
endomembrane system
Cell theory - Answer 1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
2. Chemical reactions necessary for life take place within cells
3. Cells arise from pre-existing cells.
4. Cells contain hereditary information in the form of DNA
Prokaryotes - Answer Single-celled
DNA concentrated in nucleoid
Cellular functions take place in the cytoplasm, where ribosomes are found
Plasma membrane and cell wall
Capsule: jelly-like outer coating for protection
Pili: bridge like structure used to transfer info
Flagella: tail-like appendage used for locomotion
Cyanobacteria - Answer Photosynthetic, oxygen-producing blue-green bacteria
Progenitor of plant chloroplasts
, Bacteria - Answer 3 basic morphotypes:
Coccus (circle)
Bacillus (rod)
Spirillum (spiral)
Eukaryotes - Answer True nucleus and organelles
CAN BE UNICELLULAR
Linear chromosomes
Some can be asexual, but most sexually reproduce
Evolved from prokaryotic ancestor via endosymbiosis
Ex. Protists, Plants, Fungi, Animals
Endosymbiosis - Answer "Within same life form"
A theorized process in which early eukaryotic cells were formed from simpler prokaryotes.
Evidence supporting endosymbiosis - Answer 1. Chloroplasts and mitochondria have two
membranes (expected if large prokaryote ingested a smaller one)
2. Chloroplasts and mitochondria have their own chromosomes (Circular and share sequences
in common with cyanobactera and proteobacteria respectively)
3. Chloroplasts and mitochondria have ribosomes similar in structure to other prokaryotes
4. Chloroplasts and mitochondria reproduce by binary fission, the same as prokaryotes
Plant cells - Answer 1. Cell wall
