TAMU BIO 111: Exam 3 Chapters 15, 16
Questions and All Correct Answers
2026-2027 Updated.
Define Splicing - Answer Cut out introns and glue exons together
Define Alternative Splicing - Answer Remove some exons to make different mRNA products
Define mRNA - Answer Messenger RNA; product of transcription that encodes amino acid
sequence for translation
Define tRNA - Answer Transfer RNA; transfer amino acids to ribosome during translation
-pizza boys
Define rRNA - Answer Ribosomal RNA; RNA in ribosomes
Define Codon - Answer each amino acid correlates to a nucleotide triplet in mRNA
Define start codon and name some - Answer AUG; this starts translation
-codes for an amino acid ---> Methionine (Met)
Define stop codon and name some - Answer UGA-UAG-UAA; signify stop of translation
-do NOT code for Amino Acids
-but they do code for a Release Factor
How many codons are there that code for Amino Acids? - Answer 61
Define release codon - Answer A protein that allows for the termination of translation by
recognizing the termination codon or stop codon in an mRNA sequence
Define A Site (Aminoacyl Site) - Answer Binds incoming tRNA molecules
Define P Site (Peptidyl Site) - Answer Binds CHARGED tRNA that have formed COVALENT
bonds with growing strand
-this is where we hold growing strand
, Define E Site (Exit) - Answer Releases spent tRNA's
mRNA matches with... - Answer Codon
tRNA - Answer Anticodon
Define Small Ribosomal Subunit - Answer The first act of translation happens when SRS binds
to the 5' cap
Define anticodon - Answer Portion that binds to codon of mRNA
Prokaryote Gene Regulation - Answer Prokaryotes regulate a majority of their genes during
transcription
Define Operon - Answer An untranslated region of DNA that works to transcribe a series of
related proteins
What are operons composed of? - Answer Promoters, operators, gene being transcribes,
termination sequence
Define promoters - Answer Bind to activators
Define operators - Answer Bind to inhibitors
Where does a repressible operon function? - Answer Mainly in Anabolic
Where does an inducible operon function? - Answer Mainly in Catabolic
Repressible operon turns switch ______ - Answer TRP turns switch OFF
Inducible operon turns switch ______ - Answer LAC turns switch ON
TRP is a _______ that _______ the repressor - Answer Corepressor; activates
LAC is an _______ that ______ the repressor - Answer Inducer; deactivates
Questions and All Correct Answers
2026-2027 Updated.
Define Splicing - Answer Cut out introns and glue exons together
Define Alternative Splicing - Answer Remove some exons to make different mRNA products
Define mRNA - Answer Messenger RNA; product of transcription that encodes amino acid
sequence for translation
Define tRNA - Answer Transfer RNA; transfer amino acids to ribosome during translation
-pizza boys
Define rRNA - Answer Ribosomal RNA; RNA in ribosomes
Define Codon - Answer each amino acid correlates to a nucleotide triplet in mRNA
Define start codon and name some - Answer AUG; this starts translation
-codes for an amino acid ---> Methionine (Met)
Define stop codon and name some - Answer UGA-UAG-UAA; signify stop of translation
-do NOT code for Amino Acids
-but they do code for a Release Factor
How many codons are there that code for Amino Acids? - Answer 61
Define release codon - Answer A protein that allows for the termination of translation by
recognizing the termination codon or stop codon in an mRNA sequence
Define A Site (Aminoacyl Site) - Answer Binds incoming tRNA molecules
Define P Site (Peptidyl Site) - Answer Binds CHARGED tRNA that have formed COVALENT
bonds with growing strand
-this is where we hold growing strand
, Define E Site (Exit) - Answer Releases spent tRNA's
mRNA matches with... - Answer Codon
tRNA - Answer Anticodon
Define Small Ribosomal Subunit - Answer The first act of translation happens when SRS binds
to the 5' cap
Define anticodon - Answer Portion that binds to codon of mRNA
Prokaryote Gene Regulation - Answer Prokaryotes regulate a majority of their genes during
transcription
Define Operon - Answer An untranslated region of DNA that works to transcribe a series of
related proteins
What are operons composed of? - Answer Promoters, operators, gene being transcribes,
termination sequence
Define promoters - Answer Bind to activators
Define operators - Answer Bind to inhibitors
Where does a repressible operon function? - Answer Mainly in Anabolic
Where does an inducible operon function? - Answer Mainly in Catabolic
Repressible operon turns switch ______ - Answer TRP turns switch OFF
Inducible operon turns switch ______ - Answer LAC turns switch ON
TRP is a _______ that _______ the repressor - Answer Corepressor; activates
LAC is an _______ that ______ the repressor - Answer Inducer; deactivates
