ATI FUNDAMENTALS PROCTORED EXAM | FUNDAMENTALS ATI PROCTORED EXAM
2026 TEST BANK WITH 2 VERSIONS/ 100% CORRECT ANSWERS/A+ GRADE
Question 1
A nurse is preparing to initiate a 24-hour urine collection for a client. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take first?
A) Save the very first void of the morning to begin the collection.
B) Discard the first void at 0700 and save all subsequent urine for 24 hours.
C) Keep the urine container at room temperature on the bedside table.
D) Ask the client to drink at least 4 liters of water during the collection.
E) Use a clean bedpan for each void and then pour it into the large container.
Correct Answer: B) Discard the first void at 0700 and save all subsequent urine for 24 hours.
Rationale: To ensure an accurate 24-hour collection, the timing must begin after the bladder
is emptied. The first void is discarded to ensure the collection starts with an empty bladder
and ends exactly 24 hours later with a final void. The urine should typically be kept on ice
or refrigerated depending on facility policy.
Question 2
A nurse is assessing a bedridden client and notes swelling, warmth, and tenderness in the right
calf. Which of the following conditions should the nurse suspect?
A) Peripheral neuropathy
B) Cellulitis
C) Thrombophlebitis
D) Arterial insufficiency
E) Dependent edema
Correct Answer: C) Thrombophlebitis
Rationale: Thrombophlebitis (or Deep Vein Thrombosis) is a common complication of
immobility. Clinical manifestations include unilateral calf swelling, redness, warmth, and
tenderness. This is a medical emergency due to the risk of pulmonary embolism.
Question 3
Which of the following actions by a nurse constitutes a HIPAA violation?
A) Discussing a client's status with the physical therapist assigned to the case.
B) Faxing a client's laboratory results to the referring physician’s office.
C) Reviewing the chart of a client on a different unit out of curiosity.
D) Giving a change-of-shift report at the client's bedside with the client present.
E) Locking the computer screen before walking away from the nurses' station.
Correct Answer: C) Reviewing the chart of a client on a different unit out of curiosity.
Rationale: HIPAA regulations stipulate that healthcare workers should only access medical
records for clients they are currently caring for or have a legitimate professional "need to
know." Accessing records out of curiosity is a breach of confidentiality.
, 2
Question 4
A nurse is applying antiembolic stockings for a client who is on bed rest. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take?
A) Apply the stockings while the client is sitting in a chair.
B) Ensure there are no wrinkles or creases in the stockings.
C) Fold the top of the stockings down to keep them from sliding.
D) Remove the stockings once every 3 days for skin assessment.
E) Measure the client's calf circumference after they have been walking.
Correct Answer: B) Ensure there are no wrinkles or creases in the stockings.
Rationale: Antiembolic stockings (TED hose) must be smooth and free of wrinkles.
Wrinkles can cause increased pressure on the skin, leading to skin breakdown or
impairment of circulation. They should be applied before the client gets out of bed when leg
edema is at its lowest.
Question 5
A nurse is administering IV fluids to an older adult client. Which of the following findings is the
priority for the nurse to monitor to prevent fluid volume overload?
A) Decreased skin turgor
B) Flat neck veins while supine
C) Audible crackles upon auscultation of the lungs
D) Dry mucous membranes
E) Decreased blood pressure
Correct Answer: C) Audible crackles upon auscultation of the lungs
Rationale: Older adults are at a higher risk for fluid volume overload during IV therapy
due to decreased cardiac and renal function. Crackles in the lungs are an early sign of
pulmonary edema, which is a life-threatening complication of fluid overload.
Question 6
A nurse is preparing to perform the Romberg test on a client. Which of the following instructions
should the nurse provide?
A) "Walk across the room in a heel-to-toe fashion."
B) "Stand with your feet together, arms at your sides, and eyes closed."
C) "Touch your nose with your index finger with your eyes closed."
D) "Stand on one foot for 10 seconds without swaying."
E) "Lean forward and touch your toes while I check your spine."
Correct Answer: B) "Stand with your feet together, arms at your sides, and eyes closed."
Rationale: The Romberg test assesses balance and cerebellar function. The client is asked to
stand with feet together and arms at the side, first with eyes open and then with eyes closed.
A positive Romberg sign is significant swaying or loss of balance.
, 3
Question 7
A nurse is assessing a client’s gait and balance using the Romberg test. Which of the following is
the most important safety action for the nurse to take?
A) Use a gait belt during the test.
B) Perform the test in a brightly lit room.
C) Stand close to the client to prevent a fall.
D) Allow the client to hold onto a chair if they feel dizzy.
E) Perform the test only if the client is barefoot.
Correct Answer: C) Stand close to the client to prevent a fall.
Rationale: Because the Romberg test involves the client closing their eyes while standing,
there is a high risk of losing balance and falling. The nurse must stand close to the client to
provide support and ensure safety if the client begins to sway.
Question 8
A nurse is providing teaching to a client with Type 2 diabetes mellitus about exercise. Which of
the following activities should the nurse recommend?
A) Lifting heavy weights twice a day.
B) Running a marathon within the first month.
C) Brisk walking for 30 minutes most days of the week.
D) Avoiding exercise if blood glucose is 150 mg/dL.
E) Stretching for 5 minutes once a week.
Correct Answer: C) Brisk walking for 30 minutes most days of the week.
Rationale: Brisk walking is a safe and effective form of aerobic exercise for Type 2 diabetics.
Regular exercise improves insulin sensitivity and helps manage blood glucose levels. Clients
should be encouraged to exercise at least 150 minutes per week.
Question 9
A nurse is educating a client on the prevention of osteoporosis. Which of the following should
the nurse recommend?
A) Limiting intake of dairy products.
B) Increasing intake of caffeine and alcohol.
C) Engaging in weight-bearing exercises like walking or hiking.
D) Spending most of the day in a sedentary position to prevent falls.
E) Reducing Vitamin D intake.
Correct Answer: C) Engaging in weight-bearing exercises like walking or hiking.
Rationale: Weight-bearing exercises stimulate bone remodeling and increase bone density,
which is crucial in preventing osteoporosis. Calcium and Vitamin D intake should also be
increased, while caffeine and alcohol should be limited.
Question 10
A nurse is assessing an immobile client. Which of the following findings should the nurse
, 4
identify as a complication of immobility needing immediate intervention?
A) Increased bowel sounds.
B) Urinary output of 50 mL/hr.
C) A reddened area over the sacrum that does not blanch.
D) Symmetrical chest expansion.
E) Heart rate of 72 bpm.
Correct Answer: C) A reddened area over the sacrum that does not blanch.
Rationale: A non-blanchable reddened area is indicative of a Stage 1 pressure injury.
Immobile clients are at high risk for skin breakdown due to prolonged pressure on bony
prominences, requiring immediate pressure relief and nursing intervention.
Question 11
A nurse is preparing to administer an oral liquid medication to a client. The dose is 0.5 mL.
Which of the following tools should the nurse use?
A) A 10 mL medicine cup.
B) A calibrated oral syringe.
C) A standard teaspoon from the cafeteria.
D) A 3 mL syringe with a 22-gauge needle.
E) A tablespoon.
Correct Answer: B) A calibrated oral syringe.
Rationale: Small volumes (less than 5 mL) of liquid medication should be measured in an
oral syringe to ensure accuracy. Medicine cups are not accurate for such small doses, and
household spoons should never be used.
Question 12
A nurse enters a room and finds a client lying on the bathroom floor. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take first?
A) Notify the provider immediately.
B) Complete an incident report.
C) Assess the client for injuries and reassure them.
D) Call for a lift team to move the client back to bed.
E) Check the floor for spills.
Correct Answer: C) Assess the client for injuries and reassure them.
Rationale: The nursing process begins with assessment. Before moving the client or
notifying others, the nurse must determine the client's physical status (ABCs, vital signs,
and potential fractures) and provide emotional support.
Question 13
A nurse is teaching a client who has a family history of colon cancer about screening. Which of
the following tests should the nurse discuss for routine screening?
A) Chest X-ray.
2026 TEST BANK WITH 2 VERSIONS/ 100% CORRECT ANSWERS/A+ GRADE
Question 1
A nurse is preparing to initiate a 24-hour urine collection for a client. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take first?
A) Save the very first void of the morning to begin the collection.
B) Discard the first void at 0700 and save all subsequent urine for 24 hours.
C) Keep the urine container at room temperature on the bedside table.
D) Ask the client to drink at least 4 liters of water during the collection.
E) Use a clean bedpan for each void and then pour it into the large container.
Correct Answer: B) Discard the first void at 0700 and save all subsequent urine for 24 hours.
Rationale: To ensure an accurate 24-hour collection, the timing must begin after the bladder
is emptied. The first void is discarded to ensure the collection starts with an empty bladder
and ends exactly 24 hours later with a final void. The urine should typically be kept on ice
or refrigerated depending on facility policy.
Question 2
A nurse is assessing a bedridden client and notes swelling, warmth, and tenderness in the right
calf. Which of the following conditions should the nurse suspect?
A) Peripheral neuropathy
B) Cellulitis
C) Thrombophlebitis
D) Arterial insufficiency
E) Dependent edema
Correct Answer: C) Thrombophlebitis
Rationale: Thrombophlebitis (or Deep Vein Thrombosis) is a common complication of
immobility. Clinical manifestations include unilateral calf swelling, redness, warmth, and
tenderness. This is a medical emergency due to the risk of pulmonary embolism.
Question 3
Which of the following actions by a nurse constitutes a HIPAA violation?
A) Discussing a client's status with the physical therapist assigned to the case.
B) Faxing a client's laboratory results to the referring physician’s office.
C) Reviewing the chart of a client on a different unit out of curiosity.
D) Giving a change-of-shift report at the client's bedside with the client present.
E) Locking the computer screen before walking away from the nurses' station.
Correct Answer: C) Reviewing the chart of a client on a different unit out of curiosity.
Rationale: HIPAA regulations stipulate that healthcare workers should only access medical
records for clients they are currently caring for or have a legitimate professional "need to
know." Accessing records out of curiosity is a breach of confidentiality.
, 2
Question 4
A nurse is applying antiembolic stockings for a client who is on bed rest. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take?
A) Apply the stockings while the client is sitting in a chair.
B) Ensure there are no wrinkles or creases in the stockings.
C) Fold the top of the stockings down to keep them from sliding.
D) Remove the stockings once every 3 days for skin assessment.
E) Measure the client's calf circumference after they have been walking.
Correct Answer: B) Ensure there are no wrinkles or creases in the stockings.
Rationale: Antiembolic stockings (TED hose) must be smooth and free of wrinkles.
Wrinkles can cause increased pressure on the skin, leading to skin breakdown or
impairment of circulation. They should be applied before the client gets out of bed when leg
edema is at its lowest.
Question 5
A nurse is administering IV fluids to an older adult client. Which of the following findings is the
priority for the nurse to monitor to prevent fluid volume overload?
A) Decreased skin turgor
B) Flat neck veins while supine
C) Audible crackles upon auscultation of the lungs
D) Dry mucous membranes
E) Decreased blood pressure
Correct Answer: C) Audible crackles upon auscultation of the lungs
Rationale: Older adults are at a higher risk for fluid volume overload during IV therapy
due to decreased cardiac and renal function. Crackles in the lungs are an early sign of
pulmonary edema, which is a life-threatening complication of fluid overload.
Question 6
A nurse is preparing to perform the Romberg test on a client. Which of the following instructions
should the nurse provide?
A) "Walk across the room in a heel-to-toe fashion."
B) "Stand with your feet together, arms at your sides, and eyes closed."
C) "Touch your nose with your index finger with your eyes closed."
D) "Stand on one foot for 10 seconds without swaying."
E) "Lean forward and touch your toes while I check your spine."
Correct Answer: B) "Stand with your feet together, arms at your sides, and eyes closed."
Rationale: The Romberg test assesses balance and cerebellar function. The client is asked to
stand with feet together and arms at the side, first with eyes open and then with eyes closed.
A positive Romberg sign is significant swaying or loss of balance.
, 3
Question 7
A nurse is assessing a client’s gait and balance using the Romberg test. Which of the following is
the most important safety action for the nurse to take?
A) Use a gait belt during the test.
B) Perform the test in a brightly lit room.
C) Stand close to the client to prevent a fall.
D) Allow the client to hold onto a chair if they feel dizzy.
E) Perform the test only if the client is barefoot.
Correct Answer: C) Stand close to the client to prevent a fall.
Rationale: Because the Romberg test involves the client closing their eyes while standing,
there is a high risk of losing balance and falling. The nurse must stand close to the client to
provide support and ensure safety if the client begins to sway.
Question 8
A nurse is providing teaching to a client with Type 2 diabetes mellitus about exercise. Which of
the following activities should the nurse recommend?
A) Lifting heavy weights twice a day.
B) Running a marathon within the first month.
C) Brisk walking for 30 minutes most days of the week.
D) Avoiding exercise if blood glucose is 150 mg/dL.
E) Stretching for 5 minutes once a week.
Correct Answer: C) Brisk walking for 30 minutes most days of the week.
Rationale: Brisk walking is a safe and effective form of aerobic exercise for Type 2 diabetics.
Regular exercise improves insulin sensitivity and helps manage blood glucose levels. Clients
should be encouraged to exercise at least 150 minutes per week.
Question 9
A nurse is educating a client on the prevention of osteoporosis. Which of the following should
the nurse recommend?
A) Limiting intake of dairy products.
B) Increasing intake of caffeine and alcohol.
C) Engaging in weight-bearing exercises like walking or hiking.
D) Spending most of the day in a sedentary position to prevent falls.
E) Reducing Vitamin D intake.
Correct Answer: C) Engaging in weight-bearing exercises like walking or hiking.
Rationale: Weight-bearing exercises stimulate bone remodeling and increase bone density,
which is crucial in preventing osteoporosis. Calcium and Vitamin D intake should also be
increased, while caffeine and alcohol should be limited.
Question 10
A nurse is assessing an immobile client. Which of the following findings should the nurse
, 4
identify as a complication of immobility needing immediate intervention?
A) Increased bowel sounds.
B) Urinary output of 50 mL/hr.
C) A reddened area over the sacrum that does not blanch.
D) Symmetrical chest expansion.
E) Heart rate of 72 bpm.
Correct Answer: C) A reddened area over the sacrum that does not blanch.
Rationale: A non-blanchable reddened area is indicative of a Stage 1 pressure injury.
Immobile clients are at high risk for skin breakdown due to prolonged pressure on bony
prominences, requiring immediate pressure relief and nursing intervention.
Question 11
A nurse is preparing to administer an oral liquid medication to a client. The dose is 0.5 mL.
Which of the following tools should the nurse use?
A) A 10 mL medicine cup.
B) A calibrated oral syringe.
C) A standard teaspoon from the cafeteria.
D) A 3 mL syringe with a 22-gauge needle.
E) A tablespoon.
Correct Answer: B) A calibrated oral syringe.
Rationale: Small volumes (less than 5 mL) of liquid medication should be measured in an
oral syringe to ensure accuracy. Medicine cups are not accurate for such small doses, and
household spoons should never be used.
Question 12
A nurse enters a room and finds a client lying on the bathroom floor. Which of the following
actions should the nurse take first?
A) Notify the provider immediately.
B) Complete an incident report.
C) Assess the client for injuries and reassure them.
D) Call for a lift team to move the client back to bed.
E) Check the floor for spills.
Correct Answer: C) Assess the client for injuries and reassure them.
Rationale: The nursing process begins with assessment. Before moving the client or
notifying others, the nurse must determine the client's physical status (ABCs, vital signs,
and potential fractures) and provide emotional support.
Question 13
A nurse is teaching a client who has a family history of colon cancer about screening. Which of
the following tests should the nurse discuss for routine screening?
A) Chest X-ray.
