COMPREHENSIVE EXAM BANK REPRESENTATIVE
OF FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING, 11TH EDITION (POTTER,
PERRY, STOCKERT, HALL). IT CONTAINS 100+
QUESTIONS COVERING CHAPTERS 1–50, WITH ANSWERS AND
RATIONALES
Section I: Nursing Today & Healthcare Delivery (Ch. 1–5)
Topics: Nursing history, roles, healthcare systems, ethics, legal
issues
1. A nurse is caring for a client who refuses a blood transfusion
due to religious beliefs. The nurse respects the client‟s decision.
Which principle is the nurse demonstrating?
a) Beneficence
b) Nonmaleficence
c) Autonomy
d) Justice
Answer: c) Autonomy
Rationale: Autonomy respects a patient‟s right to make their own
healthcare decisions. Beneficence is doing good, nonmaleficence is
avoiding harm, justice is fairness.
2. A nurse is teaching a client about advance directives. Which
statement by the client indicates understanding?
a) “Once signed, I cannot change my advance directive.”
b) “Only my doctor can create an advance directive.”
,c) “An advance directive is legally binding when I am unable to
speak for myself.”
d) “Advance directives only apply to Do Not Resuscitate orders.”
Answer: c) “An advance directive is legally binding when I am
unable to speak for myself.”
Rationale: Advance directives are legal documents that guide care
when a patient lacks capacity. They can be changed, and include
living wills and healthcare proxies.
3. Which nursing role is demonstrated when the nurse coordinates
care among physical therapy, social work, and the physician?
a) Caregiver
b) Advocate
c) Manager/Coordinator
d) Educator
Answer: c) Manager/Coordinator
Rationale: The manager role involves collaboration and coordination
of multidisciplinary care.
4. A nurse is charged with malpractice. Which element must be
proven for malpractice to be established?
a) The client had a poor outcome.
b) The nurse had a duty to the client and breached that duty,
causing injury.
c) The nurse intended to cause harm.
d) The hospital is liable regardless of the nurse‟s actions.
Answer: b) The nurse had a duty to the client and breached that
duty, causing injury.
,Rationale: Malpractice requires duty, breach of duty, injury, and
causation. Intent is not required.
5. A hospital has a policy of giving priority to clients with life-
threatening conditions. This is an example of which ethical
principle?
a) Veracity
b) Fidelity
c) Distributive justice
d) Paternalism
Answer: c) Distributive justice
Rationale: Distributive justice involves fair allocation of resources
(e.g., triage).
Section II: Theory, Evidence-Based Practice, & Critical Thinking
(Ch. 6–10)
Topics: Nursing theory, EBP, clinical reasoning, nursing process
6. A nurse uses the PICOT format to ask a clinical question. What
does “I” stand for?
a) Intervention
b) Indicator
c) Implementation
d) Investigation
Answer: a) Intervention
Rationale: PICOT = Patient population, Intervention, Comparison,
Outcome, Time.
, 7. According to Maslow‟s hierarchy, which client need should the
nurse address first?
a) Self-esteem
b) Airway and breathing
c) Love and belonging
d) Problem-solving
Answer: b) Airway and breathing
Rationale: Physiological needs (oxygen, fluids, temperature) are
most basic for survival.
8. A nurse re-evaluates a client‟s pain after giving morphine. This
step of the nursing process is:
a) Assessment
b) Diagnosis
c) Planning
d) Evaluation
Answer: d) Evaluation
Rationale: Evaluation determines if interventions were effective.
9. A novice nurse consistently uses a clinical decision-making model.
This is characteristic of which skill level according to Benner?
a) Expert
b) Proficient
c) Advanced beginner
d) Novice
Answer: d) Novice
Rationale: Novices rely on rules and models; experts use intuition.
OF FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING, 11TH EDITION (POTTER,
PERRY, STOCKERT, HALL). IT CONTAINS 100+
QUESTIONS COVERING CHAPTERS 1–50, WITH ANSWERS AND
RATIONALES
Section I: Nursing Today & Healthcare Delivery (Ch. 1–5)
Topics: Nursing history, roles, healthcare systems, ethics, legal
issues
1. A nurse is caring for a client who refuses a blood transfusion
due to religious beliefs. The nurse respects the client‟s decision.
Which principle is the nurse demonstrating?
a) Beneficence
b) Nonmaleficence
c) Autonomy
d) Justice
Answer: c) Autonomy
Rationale: Autonomy respects a patient‟s right to make their own
healthcare decisions. Beneficence is doing good, nonmaleficence is
avoiding harm, justice is fairness.
2. A nurse is teaching a client about advance directives. Which
statement by the client indicates understanding?
a) “Once signed, I cannot change my advance directive.”
b) “Only my doctor can create an advance directive.”
,c) “An advance directive is legally binding when I am unable to
speak for myself.”
d) “Advance directives only apply to Do Not Resuscitate orders.”
Answer: c) “An advance directive is legally binding when I am
unable to speak for myself.”
Rationale: Advance directives are legal documents that guide care
when a patient lacks capacity. They can be changed, and include
living wills and healthcare proxies.
3. Which nursing role is demonstrated when the nurse coordinates
care among physical therapy, social work, and the physician?
a) Caregiver
b) Advocate
c) Manager/Coordinator
d) Educator
Answer: c) Manager/Coordinator
Rationale: The manager role involves collaboration and coordination
of multidisciplinary care.
4. A nurse is charged with malpractice. Which element must be
proven for malpractice to be established?
a) The client had a poor outcome.
b) The nurse had a duty to the client and breached that duty,
causing injury.
c) The nurse intended to cause harm.
d) The hospital is liable regardless of the nurse‟s actions.
Answer: b) The nurse had a duty to the client and breached that
duty, causing injury.
,Rationale: Malpractice requires duty, breach of duty, injury, and
causation. Intent is not required.
5. A hospital has a policy of giving priority to clients with life-
threatening conditions. This is an example of which ethical
principle?
a) Veracity
b) Fidelity
c) Distributive justice
d) Paternalism
Answer: c) Distributive justice
Rationale: Distributive justice involves fair allocation of resources
(e.g., triage).
Section II: Theory, Evidence-Based Practice, & Critical Thinking
(Ch. 6–10)
Topics: Nursing theory, EBP, clinical reasoning, nursing process
6. A nurse uses the PICOT format to ask a clinical question. What
does “I” stand for?
a) Intervention
b) Indicator
c) Implementation
d) Investigation
Answer: a) Intervention
Rationale: PICOT = Patient population, Intervention, Comparison,
Outcome, Time.
, 7. According to Maslow‟s hierarchy, which client need should the
nurse address first?
a) Self-esteem
b) Airway and breathing
c) Love and belonging
d) Problem-solving
Answer: b) Airway and breathing
Rationale: Physiological needs (oxygen, fluids, temperature) are
most basic for survival.
8. A nurse re-evaluates a client‟s pain after giving morphine. This
step of the nursing process is:
a) Assessment
b) Diagnosis
c) Planning
d) Evaluation
Answer: d) Evaluation
Rationale: Evaluation determines if interventions were effective.
9. A novice nurse consistently uses a clinical decision-making model.
This is characteristic of which skill level according to Benner?
a) Expert
b) Proficient
c) Advanced beginner
d) Novice
Answer: d) Novice
Rationale: Novices rely on rules and models; experts use intuition.
