NUR 265 Medical-Surgical Nursing Final
Exam Galen College Actual Exam
2026/2027 – Complete Exam-Style
Questions & Answers | 100% Certified
Verified – Pass Guaranteed – A+ Graded
SECTION 1: IMMUNOLOGY, HIV/AIDS, AND TRANSPLANT
QUESTION 1
The nurse in the emergency department triages a client with chest pain,
shortness of breath, productive cough, and night sweats. The client's history
includes AIDS and a low CD4+ count. What action should the nurse take
next?
A) Obtain a sputum culture for bacterial analysis
B) Initiate airborne precautions
C) Administer supplemental oxygen at 2 L/min
D) Prepare the client for chest X-ray
Correct ,,,,answer,,,,: B
Rationale: Clients with AIDS and symptoms suggestive of tuberculosis (TB)—
productive cough, night sweats, low CD4 counts—are at high risk for airborne
infections. TB is transmitted via airborne droplets; initiating airborne precautions
immediately is critical to prevent spread while further diagnostics are arranged .
,QUESTION 2
The nurse is developing a plan of care for a client with AIDS newly diagnosed
with Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP). Which intervention should the
nurse preceptor question?
A) Wearing gloves when providing oral care
B) Wearing a surgical mask when standing within 3 feet of the client
C) Encouraging adequate fluid intake
D) Administering prescribed prophylactic antibiotics
Correct ,,,,answer,,,,: B
Rationale: PJP requires airborne precautions, not droplet precautions. A surgical
mask is insufficient; an N95 respirator and negative pressure room are required for
clients with suspected or confirmed PJP. Gloves, fluids, and prophylactic
antibiotics are appropriate interventions .
QUESTION 3
A client with AIDS asks about ways to prevent infection. Which statement
indicates the need for additional teaching?
A) "I will avoid large crowds during flu season."
B) "I will notify my provider if my temperature is greater than 101°F."
C) "I will wash my hands frequently and thoroughly."
D) "I will avoid eating raw or undercooked seafood and meat."
Correct ,,,,answer,,,,: B
,Rationale: Clients with AIDS should report a temperature of 100.4°F or higher
immediately due to the risk of rapid infection progression. Waiting for 101°F could
delay critical treatment. The other statements reflect correct understanding of
infection prevention .
QUESTION 4
A client with AIDS has developed an infection caused by Cryptosporidium.
Which client statement is consistent with this diagnosis?
A) "I have noticed that my speech has become slurred."
B) "I have had diarrhea that lasts more than a week."
C) "I have chest pain when I breathe deeply."
D) "I have a rash on my legs and arms."
Correct ,,,,answer,,,,: B
Rationale: Cryptosporidiosis commonly causes profuse, watery diarrhea in
immunocompromised clients. Slurred speech is more consistent with neurological
conditions; chest pain suggests respiratory infection; rash suggests dermatologic
conditions .
QUESTION 5
The nurse is caring for a client who had a heart transplant 10 days ago.
Which findings require follow-up? (Select all that apply)
, A) Activity intolerance
B) Weight gain of 3 pounds
C) Shortness of breath
D) Hypotension
Correct ,,,,answer,,,,: B
Rationale: Weight gain and shortness of breath may indicate fluid retention and
possible transplant rejection or heart failure. Activity intolerance is expected
postoperatively but should be evaluated in context. Hypotension is less common
post-heart transplant and may reflect other issues requiring assessment .
QUESTION 6
The nurse recognizes which client with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) as a
transplant candidate?
A) A 35-year-old client reporting burning with urination and receiving abdominal
radiation
B) A 60-year-old diabetic client with stable LDL cholesterol
C) A 45-year-old client with no infection and good psychosocial support
D) A 50-year-old client with a history of medication noncompliance
Correct ,,,,answer,,,,: C
Rationale: Optimal transplant candidates have no active infections, are medically
stable, and have good psychosocial support to comply with post-transplant care.
Active infections and recent abdominal radiation contraindicate transplantation.
Noncompliance with medications is a contraindication .
Exam Galen College Actual Exam
2026/2027 – Complete Exam-Style
Questions & Answers | 100% Certified
Verified – Pass Guaranteed – A+ Graded
SECTION 1: IMMUNOLOGY, HIV/AIDS, AND TRANSPLANT
QUESTION 1
The nurse in the emergency department triages a client with chest pain,
shortness of breath, productive cough, and night sweats. The client's history
includes AIDS and a low CD4+ count. What action should the nurse take
next?
A) Obtain a sputum culture for bacterial analysis
B) Initiate airborne precautions
C) Administer supplemental oxygen at 2 L/min
D) Prepare the client for chest X-ray
Correct ,,,,answer,,,,: B
Rationale: Clients with AIDS and symptoms suggestive of tuberculosis (TB)—
productive cough, night sweats, low CD4 counts—are at high risk for airborne
infections. TB is transmitted via airborne droplets; initiating airborne precautions
immediately is critical to prevent spread while further diagnostics are arranged .
,QUESTION 2
The nurse is developing a plan of care for a client with AIDS newly diagnosed
with Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP). Which intervention should the
nurse preceptor question?
A) Wearing gloves when providing oral care
B) Wearing a surgical mask when standing within 3 feet of the client
C) Encouraging adequate fluid intake
D) Administering prescribed prophylactic antibiotics
Correct ,,,,answer,,,,: B
Rationale: PJP requires airborne precautions, not droplet precautions. A surgical
mask is insufficient; an N95 respirator and negative pressure room are required for
clients with suspected or confirmed PJP. Gloves, fluids, and prophylactic
antibiotics are appropriate interventions .
QUESTION 3
A client with AIDS asks about ways to prevent infection. Which statement
indicates the need for additional teaching?
A) "I will avoid large crowds during flu season."
B) "I will notify my provider if my temperature is greater than 101°F."
C) "I will wash my hands frequently and thoroughly."
D) "I will avoid eating raw or undercooked seafood and meat."
Correct ,,,,answer,,,,: B
,Rationale: Clients with AIDS should report a temperature of 100.4°F or higher
immediately due to the risk of rapid infection progression. Waiting for 101°F could
delay critical treatment. The other statements reflect correct understanding of
infection prevention .
QUESTION 4
A client with AIDS has developed an infection caused by Cryptosporidium.
Which client statement is consistent with this diagnosis?
A) "I have noticed that my speech has become slurred."
B) "I have had diarrhea that lasts more than a week."
C) "I have chest pain when I breathe deeply."
D) "I have a rash on my legs and arms."
Correct ,,,,answer,,,,: B
Rationale: Cryptosporidiosis commonly causes profuse, watery diarrhea in
immunocompromised clients. Slurred speech is more consistent with neurological
conditions; chest pain suggests respiratory infection; rash suggests dermatologic
conditions .
QUESTION 5
The nurse is caring for a client who had a heart transplant 10 days ago.
Which findings require follow-up? (Select all that apply)
, A) Activity intolerance
B) Weight gain of 3 pounds
C) Shortness of breath
D) Hypotension
Correct ,,,,answer,,,,: B
Rationale: Weight gain and shortness of breath may indicate fluid retention and
possible transplant rejection or heart failure. Activity intolerance is expected
postoperatively but should be evaluated in context. Hypotension is less common
post-heart transplant and may reflect other issues requiring assessment .
QUESTION 6
The nurse recognizes which client with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) as a
transplant candidate?
A) A 35-year-old client reporting burning with urination and receiving abdominal
radiation
B) A 60-year-old diabetic client with stable LDL cholesterol
C) A 45-year-old client with no infection and good psychosocial support
D) A 50-year-old client with a history of medication noncompliance
Correct ,,,,answer,,,,: C
Rationale: Optimal transplant candidates have no active infections, are medically
stable, and have good psychosocial support to comply with post-transplant care.
Active infections and recent abdominal radiation contraindicate transplantation.
Noncompliance with medications is a contraindication .
