NUR 2811 MIDTERM EXAM ICHS
NURSING CAPSTONE EXAM |
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES | LATEST
UPDATE GRADED A+
1. A client with leukemia is being considered for a bone marrow transplant.
The healthcare team is discussing the risks and benefits of this treatment with
the goal of inflicting the least possible harm on the client. Which principle of
healthcare ethics is the team practicing?
• A. Justice
• B. Fidelity
• C. Autonomy
• D. Nonmaleficence
Correct ,,,,answer,,,,: D
Rationale: Nonmaleficence is the avoidance of hurt or harm. Healthcare
professionals try to balance the risks and benefits of a plan of care while striving to
do the least possible harm. Justice refers to fairness and equity, fidelity is keeping
promises, and autonomy respects a person's right to determine their own course of
action.
2. Which action by the nurse represents the ethical principle of beneficence?
• A. The nurse upholds a client's decision to refuse chemotherapy for lung
cancer.
, • B. The nurse follows a plan of care designed to relieve pain in a client with
cancer.
• C. The nurse administers an immunization to a child even though it may
cause discomfort.
• D. The nurse provides equal amounts of care to all assigned clients on the
basis of illness acuity.
Correct ,,,,answer,,,,: C
Rationale: Beneficence is taking action to help others. Although administration of
a child's immunization might cause discomfort, the benefits of protection from
disease outweigh the temporary discomfort. This represents actively doing good
for the patient.
3. Which situation reflects a violation of the client's right against false
imprisonment?
• A. Performing a procedure without consent
• B. Telling the client that he or she may not leave the hospital
• C. Threatening to give a client a medication against his or her will
• D. Observing the provision of care to the client without the client's
permission
Correct ,,,,answer,,,,: B
Rationale: False imprisonment occurs when a person is confined or restrained
against their will without legal justification. Telling a client they may not leave the
hospital constitutes false imprisonment. Performing a procedure without consent is
battery, and threatening medication against will is assault.
4. What is the first step in the nursing process?
• A. Planning
• B. Diagnosis
, • C. Assessment
• D. Evaluation
Correct ,,,,answer,,,,: C
Rationale: Assessment is the first step of the nursing process. It provides the data
needed for all subsequent steps, including diagnosis, planning, implementation,
and evaluation.
5. A nurse is caring for clients in the ICU. Which client may be transferred to
the step-down neuro unit?
• A. Client with head injury and seizure
• B. Client with an ischemic stroke 4 days ago with confusion
• C. Client who is 1-day post op after a transsphenoidal craniotomy with a
cerebrospinal fluid leak
• D. Client with bacterial meningitis and a Glasgow coma scale of 7
Correct ,,,,answer,,,,: B
Rationale: The client with an ischemic stroke 4 days ago with confusion is the
most stable. Confusion is expected after a stroke. The other clients have acute,
unstable conditions: active seizures, CSF leak (risk of meningitis), or low GCS (7)
indicating severe neurological impairment.
6. A hospital will receive a large number of clients because of a major disaster
in the city. Which client can be discharged first?
• A. 49-year-old female 24 hours post-op after hysterectomy
• B. 66-year-old male 5 days post-op after total hip replacement
• C. 79-year-old female admitted 12 hours ago with pyelonephritis
• D. 82-year-old female admitted 5 days ago with a stage 3 pressure ulcer
Correct ,,,,answer,,,,: B
, Rationale: The 66-year-old male who is 5 days post-op after total hip replacement
is the most stable and ready for discharge. He is further along in recovery
compared to the others who have acute conditions (recent surgery, acute infection,
or complex wound care).
7. After a change of shift, you are assigned to care for the following clients.
Which client should you assess first?
• A. 60-year-old client on a ventilator for whom a sterile sputum specimen
must be sent to the lab
• B. 55-year-old with COPD and a pulse oximetry reading from the previous
shift of 90%
• C. 70-year-old with pneumonia who needs to be started on IV antibiotics
• D. 50-year-old with asthma who complains of shortness of breath after using
a bronchodilator
Correct ,,,,answer,,,,: D
Rationale: The client with asthma who complains of shortness of breath after
using a bronchodilator should be assessed first. This indicates the bronchodilator
was not effective, and the client's condition may be deteriorating. Think ABCs—
this client has an active airway/breathing problem that requires immediate
attention.
8. The nurse just received report on the surgical ward. Which client should be
assessed first?
• A. Peptic ulcer disease scheduled for a laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 4
hours
• B. Multiple injuries after a motor vehicle crash
• C. Graves disease scheduled for a thyroidectomy
• D. Post-appendectomy waiting for discharge
NURSING CAPSTONE EXAM |
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES | LATEST
UPDATE GRADED A+
1. A client with leukemia is being considered for a bone marrow transplant.
The healthcare team is discussing the risks and benefits of this treatment with
the goal of inflicting the least possible harm on the client. Which principle of
healthcare ethics is the team practicing?
• A. Justice
• B. Fidelity
• C. Autonomy
• D. Nonmaleficence
Correct ,,,,answer,,,,: D
Rationale: Nonmaleficence is the avoidance of hurt or harm. Healthcare
professionals try to balance the risks and benefits of a plan of care while striving to
do the least possible harm. Justice refers to fairness and equity, fidelity is keeping
promises, and autonomy respects a person's right to determine their own course of
action.
2. Which action by the nurse represents the ethical principle of beneficence?
• A. The nurse upholds a client's decision to refuse chemotherapy for lung
cancer.
, • B. The nurse follows a plan of care designed to relieve pain in a client with
cancer.
• C. The nurse administers an immunization to a child even though it may
cause discomfort.
• D. The nurse provides equal amounts of care to all assigned clients on the
basis of illness acuity.
Correct ,,,,answer,,,,: C
Rationale: Beneficence is taking action to help others. Although administration of
a child's immunization might cause discomfort, the benefits of protection from
disease outweigh the temporary discomfort. This represents actively doing good
for the patient.
3. Which situation reflects a violation of the client's right against false
imprisonment?
• A. Performing a procedure without consent
• B. Telling the client that he or she may not leave the hospital
• C. Threatening to give a client a medication against his or her will
• D. Observing the provision of care to the client without the client's
permission
Correct ,,,,answer,,,,: B
Rationale: False imprisonment occurs when a person is confined or restrained
against their will without legal justification. Telling a client they may not leave the
hospital constitutes false imprisonment. Performing a procedure without consent is
battery, and threatening medication against will is assault.
4. What is the first step in the nursing process?
• A. Planning
• B. Diagnosis
, • C. Assessment
• D. Evaluation
Correct ,,,,answer,,,,: C
Rationale: Assessment is the first step of the nursing process. It provides the data
needed for all subsequent steps, including diagnosis, planning, implementation,
and evaluation.
5. A nurse is caring for clients in the ICU. Which client may be transferred to
the step-down neuro unit?
• A. Client with head injury and seizure
• B. Client with an ischemic stroke 4 days ago with confusion
• C. Client who is 1-day post op after a transsphenoidal craniotomy with a
cerebrospinal fluid leak
• D. Client with bacterial meningitis and a Glasgow coma scale of 7
Correct ,,,,answer,,,,: B
Rationale: The client with an ischemic stroke 4 days ago with confusion is the
most stable. Confusion is expected after a stroke. The other clients have acute,
unstable conditions: active seizures, CSF leak (risk of meningitis), or low GCS (7)
indicating severe neurological impairment.
6. A hospital will receive a large number of clients because of a major disaster
in the city. Which client can be discharged first?
• A. 49-year-old female 24 hours post-op after hysterectomy
• B. 66-year-old male 5 days post-op after total hip replacement
• C. 79-year-old female admitted 12 hours ago with pyelonephritis
• D. 82-year-old female admitted 5 days ago with a stage 3 pressure ulcer
Correct ,,,,answer,,,,: B
, Rationale: The 66-year-old male who is 5 days post-op after total hip replacement
is the most stable and ready for discharge. He is further along in recovery
compared to the others who have acute conditions (recent surgery, acute infection,
or complex wound care).
7. After a change of shift, you are assigned to care for the following clients.
Which client should you assess first?
• A. 60-year-old client on a ventilator for whom a sterile sputum specimen
must be sent to the lab
• B. 55-year-old with COPD and a pulse oximetry reading from the previous
shift of 90%
• C. 70-year-old with pneumonia who needs to be started on IV antibiotics
• D. 50-year-old with asthma who complains of shortness of breath after using
a bronchodilator
Correct ,,,,answer,,,,: D
Rationale: The client with asthma who complains of shortness of breath after
using a bronchodilator should be assessed first. This indicates the bronchodilator
was not effective, and the client's condition may be deteriorating. Think ABCs—
this client has an active airway/breathing problem that requires immediate
attention.
8. The nurse just received report on the surgical ward. Which client should be
assessed first?
• A. Peptic ulcer disease scheduled for a laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 4
hours
• B. Multiple injuries after a motor vehicle crash
• C. Graves disease scheduled for a thyroidectomy
• D. Post-appendectomy waiting for discharge
