# Term Definition
1 Why was Emmanuel Chrysoloras He reintroduced Greek scientific works to the
important to the Italian West
Renaissance?
2 What is meant by the "vanishing The convergence of lines to give the appearance
point" in painting? of dimension.
3 A major difference between Northern scholars tried to reconcile humanism
northern and Italian literary and Christianity.
scholars was:
4 The Christian humanist who Desiderus Erasmus
produced updated Greek versions
of the New Testament and came
under the scrutiny of the church in
the early sixteenth century was
5 What contributed most The invention of the printing press.
significantly to the growth of
humanist culture in the
Renaissance?
6 One of the most popular forms of Authurian Legends
literature in England was
7 The Wars of the Roses were The Lancasters and the Yorks
fought in England between which
two families?
8 In 1500, the most important Antwerp
commercial center in Europe was
in:
9 Why did serfdom in Western Labor was scarce.
Europe disappear after the
fourteenth century?
10 Because of the large volume of banking
trade moving through Antwerp,
what industry developed to
support this?
, PROCTORED EXAM 12-15
# Term Definition
11 The marriage of Isabella of Castile Spain
and Ferdinand of Aragon led to
the unification of:
12 Emperor Charles V claimed titles All except France
and lands in all of the following
areas?
13 What were the following were All except: the cog ship
advancements in fifteenth-century
technology or technique that
furthered European exploration?
14 How did Europeans pose a threat All of these
to indigenous populations?
15 Europeans justified African slavery All except: Las Casas's eurocentric belief in
using what arguments? African inferiority.
16 Bartolomé de Las Casas is notable Campaigning for ethical treatment of Native
for: Americans.
17 What are indentured servants? Worked for a period of years in exchange for
passage into the New World.
18 What was the intellectual Christian Humanism
movement that began around
1500 and emphasized study of the
Bible and the early church fathers?
19 According to Catholic doctrine, all of these.
forgiveness of sin could be
accomplished by _________.
20 Martin Luther's challenge to the Indulgences.
church was largely over his
objection to ___________.
21 The premise of Martin Luther's that grace was a gift to be found by faith.
argument for salvation was
___________.