NSG 122 Exam 3 V3 | NSG 122 Nursing
Fundamental Concepts | Herzing | 2026
Q&A with Rationale (Herzing NSG122
Exam 3 2026)
1. A nurse is assessing a client with a serum potassium level of 3.2 mEq/L. Which clinical
manifestation should the nurse anticipate?
A. Muscle weakness and cardiac dysrhythmias
B. Numbness and tingling around the mouth
C. Positive Trousseau sign
D. Increased deep tendon reflexes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypokalemia is defined as a serum potassium level below 3.5 mEq/L. It
primarily affects muscle contraction and nerve conduction, leading to weakness and
potentially fatal arrhythmias. The nurse must monitor the client’s EKG and respiratory
status closely.
2. A client’s arterial blood gas (ABG) results are pH 7.31, PaCO2 52 mmHg, and HCO3 24
mEq/L. How should the nurse interpret these findings?
A. Metabolic Acidosis
B. Metabolic Alkalosis
,C. Respiratory Alkalosis
D. Respiratory Acidosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The pH is below 7.35, indicating acidosis, and the PaCO2 is above 45 mmHg,
which is the respiratory component. Since the bicarbonate level is within the normal range,
the imbalance is originating from the respiratory system. This condition is often caused by
hypoventilation or obstructive lung diseases.
3. Which intravenous fluid is classified as a hypotonic solution?
A. 0.9% Sodium Chloride (Normal Saline)
B. 0.45% Sodium Chloride (Half Normal Saline)
C. Lactated Ringer’s
D. 5% Dextrose in 0.9% Sodium Chloride
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypotonic solutions have a lower osmolality than blood plasma, causing water
to move into the cells. 0.45% Sodium Chloride is a common hypotonic solution used to
treat cellular dehydration. The nurse must monitor for signs of cerebral edema when
administering these fluids.
, 4. A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for surgery. Who is legally responsible for
obtaining the informed consent?
A. The registered nurse
B. The surgical technician
C. The surgeon
D. The nurse manager
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The surgeon or healthcare provider performing the procedure is responsible
for explaining the risks, benefits, and alternatives to the client. The nurse’s role is typically
limited to witnessing the client’s signature on the consent form. If the client does not
understand the procedure, the nurse must notify the provider to come back and explain.
5. A nurse notes a red, warm, and tender area along the vein where an IV is infusing. What is
the nurse’s priority action?
A. Apply a cold compress
B. Slow the infusion rate
C. Flush the line with normal saline
D. Discontinue the IV catheter
Correct Answer: D
Fundamental Concepts | Herzing | 2026
Q&A with Rationale (Herzing NSG122
Exam 3 2026)
1. A nurse is assessing a client with a serum potassium level of 3.2 mEq/L. Which clinical
manifestation should the nurse anticipate?
A. Muscle weakness and cardiac dysrhythmias
B. Numbness and tingling around the mouth
C. Positive Trousseau sign
D. Increased deep tendon reflexes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypokalemia is defined as a serum potassium level below 3.5 mEq/L. It
primarily affects muscle contraction and nerve conduction, leading to weakness and
potentially fatal arrhythmias. The nurse must monitor the client’s EKG and respiratory
status closely.
2. A client’s arterial blood gas (ABG) results are pH 7.31, PaCO2 52 mmHg, and HCO3 24
mEq/L. How should the nurse interpret these findings?
A. Metabolic Acidosis
B. Metabolic Alkalosis
,C. Respiratory Alkalosis
D. Respiratory Acidosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The pH is below 7.35, indicating acidosis, and the PaCO2 is above 45 mmHg,
which is the respiratory component. Since the bicarbonate level is within the normal range,
the imbalance is originating from the respiratory system. This condition is often caused by
hypoventilation or obstructive lung diseases.
3. Which intravenous fluid is classified as a hypotonic solution?
A. 0.9% Sodium Chloride (Normal Saline)
B. 0.45% Sodium Chloride (Half Normal Saline)
C. Lactated Ringer’s
D. 5% Dextrose in 0.9% Sodium Chloride
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypotonic solutions have a lower osmolality than blood plasma, causing water
to move into the cells. 0.45% Sodium Chloride is a common hypotonic solution used to
treat cellular dehydration. The nurse must monitor for signs of cerebral edema when
administering these fluids.
, 4. A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for surgery. Who is legally responsible for
obtaining the informed consent?
A. The registered nurse
B. The surgical technician
C. The surgeon
D. The nurse manager
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The surgeon or healthcare provider performing the procedure is responsible
for explaining the risks, benefits, and alternatives to the client. The nurse’s role is typically
limited to witnessing the client’s signature on the consent form. If the client does not
understand the procedure, the nurse must notify the provider to come back and explain.
5. A nurse notes a red, warm, and tender area along the vein where an IV is infusing. What is
the nurse’s priority action?
A. Apply a cold compress
B. Slow the infusion rate
C. Flush the line with normal saline
D. Discontinue the IV catheter
Correct Answer: D
