NSG 122 Exam 2 V1 | NSG 122 Nursing
Fundamental Concepts | Herzing | 2026
Q&A with Rationale (Herzing NSG122
Exam 2 2026)
1. A nurse is caring for an older adult patient who is at high risk for falls. Which intervention is
the priority to ensure patient safety?
A. Place the bed in the lowest position.
B. Apply bilateral wrist restraints.
C. Keep all four side rails in the up position.
D. Instruct the patient to remain in bed at all times.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Placing the bed in the lowest position is a standard safety intervention that
reduces the distance to the floor in the event of a fall. Raising all four side rails is
considered a physical restraint and requires a specific order, making it inappropriate as a
general safety measure. Instructing a patient to stay in bed does not address their mobility
needs and can lead to complications of immobility.
2. When performing hand hygiene with soap and water, how long should the nurse vigorously
rub all surfaces of the hands?
A. 5 to 10 seconds
,B. At least 15 to 20 seconds
C. Exactly 60 seconds
D. Until the hands feel dry
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: According to the CDC and fundamental nursing standards, scrubbing hands for
at least 15 to 20 seconds is necessary to mechanically remove transient microorganisms.
Using soap and water is required when hands are visibly soiled or when caring for patients
with certain infections like C. difficile. Shorter durations are insufficient for effective
decontamination, while longer durations may cause skin irritation without additional
benefit.
3. A nurse is preparing to assess a patient’s blood pressure. Which action should the nurse
take to ensure an accurate reading?
A. Use a cuff with a bladder that covers 50% of the arm circumference.
B. Place the arm above the level of the heart.
C. Ensure the patient has been resting for at least 5 minutes.
D. Deflate the cuff at a rate of 10 mmHg per second.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Allowing the patient to rest for at least 5 minutes ensures that the blood
pressure stabilizes and reflects a baseline state. The bladder of the cuff should actually
, encircle about 80% of the arm circumference to avoid false readings. Deflating the cuff too
quickly, such as 10 mmHg per second, can lead to inaccurate measurements of systolic and
diastolic pressure.
4. The nurse is caring for a patient on Contact Precautions for MRSA. Which personal
protective equipment (PPE) is required when entering the room?
A. Surgical mask and eye protection
B. N95 respirator and gloves
C. Gown and gloves
D. Gloves only
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Contact precautions require the use of a gown and gloves to prevent the
transmission of pathogens through direct or indirect contact with the patient or their
environment. An N95 respirator is reserved for airborne precautions, and surgical masks
are for droplet precautions. Following proper PPE protocols is essential to breaking the
chain of infection in healthcare settings.
5. A patient has a Stage 2 pressure injury on the coccyx. How should the nurse describe this
wound in the documentation?
A. Intact skin with non-blanchable redness.
B. Full-thickness skin loss with visible adipose tissue.
C. Partial-thickness loss of dermis presenting as a shallow open ulcer.
Fundamental Concepts | Herzing | 2026
Q&A with Rationale (Herzing NSG122
Exam 2 2026)
1. A nurse is caring for an older adult patient who is at high risk for falls. Which intervention is
the priority to ensure patient safety?
A. Place the bed in the lowest position.
B. Apply bilateral wrist restraints.
C. Keep all four side rails in the up position.
D. Instruct the patient to remain in bed at all times.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Placing the bed in the lowest position is a standard safety intervention that
reduces the distance to the floor in the event of a fall. Raising all four side rails is
considered a physical restraint and requires a specific order, making it inappropriate as a
general safety measure. Instructing a patient to stay in bed does not address their mobility
needs and can lead to complications of immobility.
2. When performing hand hygiene with soap and water, how long should the nurse vigorously
rub all surfaces of the hands?
A. 5 to 10 seconds
,B. At least 15 to 20 seconds
C. Exactly 60 seconds
D. Until the hands feel dry
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: According to the CDC and fundamental nursing standards, scrubbing hands for
at least 15 to 20 seconds is necessary to mechanically remove transient microorganisms.
Using soap and water is required when hands are visibly soiled or when caring for patients
with certain infections like C. difficile. Shorter durations are insufficient for effective
decontamination, while longer durations may cause skin irritation without additional
benefit.
3. A nurse is preparing to assess a patient’s blood pressure. Which action should the nurse
take to ensure an accurate reading?
A. Use a cuff with a bladder that covers 50% of the arm circumference.
B. Place the arm above the level of the heart.
C. Ensure the patient has been resting for at least 5 minutes.
D. Deflate the cuff at a rate of 10 mmHg per second.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Allowing the patient to rest for at least 5 minutes ensures that the blood
pressure stabilizes and reflects a baseline state. The bladder of the cuff should actually
, encircle about 80% of the arm circumference to avoid false readings. Deflating the cuff too
quickly, such as 10 mmHg per second, can lead to inaccurate measurements of systolic and
diastolic pressure.
4. The nurse is caring for a patient on Contact Precautions for MRSA. Which personal
protective equipment (PPE) is required when entering the room?
A. Surgical mask and eye protection
B. N95 respirator and gloves
C. Gown and gloves
D. Gloves only
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Contact precautions require the use of a gown and gloves to prevent the
transmission of pathogens through direct or indirect contact with the patient or their
environment. An N95 respirator is reserved for airborne precautions, and surgical masks
are for droplet precautions. Following proper PPE protocols is essential to breaking the
chain of infection in healthcare settings.
5. A patient has a Stage 2 pressure injury on the coccyx. How should the nurse describe this
wound in the documentation?
A. Intact skin with non-blanchable redness.
B. Full-thickness skin loss with visible adipose tissue.
C. Partial-thickness loss of dermis presenting as a shallow open ulcer.
