**Title:** **The Pharmacology Prescription: NCLEX-RN High-
Yield Medication Mastery**
---
### Question 1 of 96
A nurse is administering intravenous vancomycin to a client with a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus
aureus (MRSA) infection. Which of the following findings should prompt the nurse to stop the infusion
immediately?
A) The client reports a metallic taste in the mouth
B) The client develops a flushed appearance and rash on the face and neck
C) The client’s blood pressure increases from 120/80 to 140/90
D) The client’s urine output is 40 mL/hr
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Flushed appearance and rash on the face and neck indicate “Red Man Syndrome,” a
histamine-mediated reaction to rapid vancomycin infusion. The nurse should stop the infusion and
administer diphenhydramine. Metallic taste is common with metronidazole, not vancomycin.
Hypertension is not an immediate stop criteria.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: B) The client develops a flushed appearance and rash on the face and neck
---
### Question 2 of 96
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new prescription for warfarin (Coumadin)
for atrial fibrillation. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the
medication?
,A) “I will eat more leafy green vegetables to keep my blood healthy.”
B) “I will get my blood tested once a month at the lab.”
C) “I will use an electric razor instead of a blade to shave.”
D) “If I miss a dose, I will take two pills the next day.”
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Warfarin increases bleeding risk; using an electric razor (C) reduces the risk of cuts
and bleeding from shaving. Consistent vitamin K intake is important, not increased. INR monitoring is
more frequent than monthly initially. Double-dosing increases bleeding risk.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: C) “I will use an electric razor instead of a blade to shave.”
---
### Question 3 of 96
**Select-All-That-Apply (SATA):** A nurse is reviewing the medication list of a client who is taking
digoxin (Lanoxin). Which of the following findings increase the client’s risk for digoxin toxicity? (Select all
that apply.)
A) Serum potassium level 3.2 mEq/L
B) Age 78 years
C) Prescription for furosemide (Lasix)
D) Prescription for amiodarone (Cordarone)
E) Serum creatinine 0.8 mg/dL
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Hypokalemia (A) potentiates digoxin effects. Older adults (B) have reduced renal
clearance. Furosemide (C) causes hypokalemia. Amiodarone (D) increases digoxin levels by 70-100%.
Normal creatinine (E) is not a risk factor.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: A, B, C, D
---
, ### Question 4 of 96
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for hydralazine (Apresoline) for hypertension.
The client asks, “How does this medication lower my blood pressure?” Which of the following responses
should the nurse provide?
A) “It blocks calcium from entering your heart and blood vessels.”
B) “It relaxes the smooth muscle in your arteries, which lowers resistance.”
C) “It reduces the amount of fluid in your blood vessels.”
D) “It blocks a hormone that causes your blood vessels to narrow.”
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Hydralazine is a direct arteriolar vasodilator that relaxes vascular smooth muscle,
decreasing systemic vascular resistance (B). Calcium channel blockers (A) work differently. Diuretics (C)
reduce fluid volume. ACE inhibitors (D) block angiotensin II.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: B) “It relaxes the smooth muscle in your arteries, which lowers resistance.”
---
### Question 5 of 96
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving a continuous morphine infusion via a patient-controlled
analgesia (PCA) pump. The client has a respiratory rate of 6 breaths per minute and is unresponsive to
verbal stimuli. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer?
A) Naloxone (Narcan)
B) Flumazenil (Romazicon)
C) Protamine sulfate
D) Vitamin K (AquaMEPHYTON)
Yield Medication Mastery**
---
### Question 1 of 96
A nurse is administering intravenous vancomycin to a client with a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus
aureus (MRSA) infection. Which of the following findings should prompt the nurse to stop the infusion
immediately?
A) The client reports a metallic taste in the mouth
B) The client develops a flushed appearance and rash on the face and neck
C) The client’s blood pressure increases from 120/80 to 140/90
D) The client’s urine output is 40 mL/hr
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Flushed appearance and rash on the face and neck indicate “Red Man Syndrome,” a
histamine-mediated reaction to rapid vancomycin infusion. The nurse should stop the infusion and
administer diphenhydramine. Metallic taste is common with metronidazole, not vancomycin.
Hypertension is not an immediate stop criteria.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: B) The client develops a flushed appearance and rash on the face and neck
---
### Question 2 of 96
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new prescription for warfarin (Coumadin)
for atrial fibrillation. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the
medication?
,A) “I will eat more leafy green vegetables to keep my blood healthy.”
B) “I will get my blood tested once a month at the lab.”
C) “I will use an electric razor instead of a blade to shave.”
D) “If I miss a dose, I will take two pills the next day.”
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Warfarin increases bleeding risk; using an electric razor (C) reduces the risk of cuts
and bleeding from shaving. Consistent vitamin K intake is important, not increased. INR monitoring is
more frequent than monthly initially. Double-dosing increases bleeding risk.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: C) “I will use an electric razor instead of a blade to shave.”
---
### Question 3 of 96
**Select-All-That-Apply (SATA):** A nurse is reviewing the medication list of a client who is taking
digoxin (Lanoxin). Which of the following findings increase the client’s risk for digoxin toxicity? (Select all
that apply.)
A) Serum potassium level 3.2 mEq/L
B) Age 78 years
C) Prescription for furosemide (Lasix)
D) Prescription for amiodarone (Cordarone)
E) Serum creatinine 0.8 mg/dL
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Hypokalemia (A) potentiates digoxin effects. Older adults (B) have reduced renal
clearance. Furosemide (C) causes hypokalemia. Amiodarone (D) increases digoxin levels by 70-100%.
Normal creatinine (E) is not a risk factor.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: A, B, C, D
---
, ### Question 4 of 96
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for hydralazine (Apresoline) for hypertension.
The client asks, “How does this medication lower my blood pressure?” Which of the following responses
should the nurse provide?
A) “It blocks calcium from entering your heart and blood vessels.”
B) “It relaxes the smooth muscle in your arteries, which lowers resistance.”
C) “It reduces the amount of fluid in your blood vessels.”
D) “It blocks a hormone that causes your blood vessels to narrow.”
💫RATIONALE✔️✔️: Hydralazine is a direct arteriolar vasodilator that relaxes vascular smooth muscle,
decreasing systemic vascular resistance (B). Calcium channel blockers (A) work differently. Diuretics (C)
reduce fluid volume. ACE inhibitors (D) block angiotensin II.
💫ANSWER✔️✔️: B) “It relaxes the smooth muscle in your arteries, which lowers resistance.”
---
### Question 5 of 96
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving a continuous morphine infusion via a patient-controlled
analgesia (PCA) pump. The client has a respiratory rate of 6 breaths per minute and is unresponsive to
verbal stimuli. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer?
A) Naloxone (Narcan)
B) Flumazenil (Romazicon)
C) Protamine sulfate
D) Vitamin K (AquaMEPHYTON)
