NURS 6501 Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm
Exam Questions and Answers - Walden University
A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the
following will facilitate his continued muscle performance?
Answer: Anaerobic glycolysis
What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an
action potential?
Answer: Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the
membrane potential from negative to positive.
A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His karyotype would
reveal which of the following?
Answer: XXY
A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking for a proband, what is the
nurse looking for?
Answer: The person who is first diagnosed with a genetic disease
,An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis will show varying
degrees of the disease. Which genetic principle should the nurse explain to the
aide?
Answer: Expressivity
In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information should the nurse include
regarding cholesterol?
Answer: Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte, which
reduces its ability to carry oxygen.
When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how should the nurse respond?
Cystic fibrosis is caused by an _____ gene
Answer: Autosomal recessive
How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes?
Answer: By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase)
The nurse would be correct in identifying the predominant extracellular cation as:
Answer: Sodium
, The early dilation (swelling) of the cell's endoplasmic reticulum results in:
Answer: Reduced protein synthesis
What principle should the nurse remember when trying to distinguish aging from
diseases?
Answer: It is difficult to tell the difference because both processes are believed to
result from cell injury.
What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a karyotype that reveals an
absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present? Her
features include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, reduced carrying angle at
the elbow, and sparse body hair.
Answer: Turner syndrome
A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would
most of the genetic information be contained?
Answer: Nucleolus
The nurse is teaching staff about the most common cause of Down syndrome.
What is the nurse describing?
Exam Questions and Answers - Walden University
A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the
following will facilitate his continued muscle performance?
Answer: Anaerobic glycolysis
What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an
action potential?
Answer: Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the
membrane potential from negative to positive.
A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His karyotype would
reveal which of the following?
Answer: XXY
A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking for a proband, what is the
nurse looking for?
Answer: The person who is first diagnosed with a genetic disease
,An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis will show varying
degrees of the disease. Which genetic principle should the nurse explain to the
aide?
Answer: Expressivity
In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information should the nurse include
regarding cholesterol?
Answer: Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte, which
reduces its ability to carry oxygen.
When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how should the nurse respond?
Cystic fibrosis is caused by an _____ gene
Answer: Autosomal recessive
How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes?
Answer: By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase)
The nurse would be correct in identifying the predominant extracellular cation as:
Answer: Sodium
, The early dilation (swelling) of the cell's endoplasmic reticulum results in:
Answer: Reduced protein synthesis
What principle should the nurse remember when trying to distinguish aging from
diseases?
Answer: It is difficult to tell the difference because both processes are believed to
result from cell injury.
What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a karyotype that reveals an
absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present? Her
features include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, reduced carrying angle at
the elbow, and sparse body hair.
Answer: Turner syndrome
A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would
most of the genetic information be contained?
Answer: Nucleolus
The nurse is teaching staff about the most common cause of Down syndrome.
What is the nurse describing?
