BIOL 117 EXAM 4 PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED EXPLANATIONS 2026

BIOL 117 EXAM 4 PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED EXPLANATIONS 2026

◉ PULMONARY VEINS.
Answer: 4, carry oxygenated blood to the left atrium


◉ VALVES.
Answer: atrioventricular and semilunar


◉ ATRIOVENTRICULAR.
Answer: right-tricuspid, left-mitral


◉ SEMILUNAR.
Answer: pulmonary, aortic


◉ HEART SOUNDS.
Answer: represent closure of AV valves and semilunar valves


◉ FORAMEN OVALE.
Answer: in fetus opening between right and left atrium,
nonfunctional lungs

,◉ LAYERS OF THE HEART.
Answer: endocardium-innermost
myocardium-middle muscle layer
epicardium-outermost


◉ CONDUCTION SYSTEM OF THE HEART.
Answer: SA node, AV node, AV Bundle, Rt & Lt Bundle branches,
Purkinje fibers


◉ ELECTROCARDIOGRAM EKG.
Answer: P wave~atrial contraction


QRS~ventricular contraction, atrial relaxation


T wave~ventricular relaxation


◉ ARTERIES.
Answer: high pressure


◉ VEINS.
Answer: low pressure

, ◉ CAPILLARIES.
Answer: microscopic vessels


◉ VASOCONSTRICTION.
Answer: narrowing of a blood vessel, caused by epinephrine


◉ VASODILATION.
Answer: widening of a blood vessel


◉ AORTA.
Answer: largest artery


◉ VENAE CAVAE.
Answer: largest vein


◉ GREAT SAPHENOUS.
Answer: largest superficial vein


◉ TUNICA INTIMA.
Answer: the innermost layer of a blood vessel