Bio 322 Final Exam Newest 2026 Questions
and Correct Detailed Answers Already Graded
A+
Which of the following would not cause complications in inferring a phylogeny?
a. Homoplasy
b. Presence of synapomorphies (shared derived characteristics)
c. Variation in rates of evolution for different taxa
d. Convergent evolution
e. Absence of DNA sequence information for many extinct taxa - CORRECT
ANSWER-b. Presence of synapomorphies (shared derived characteristics)
Which observation (evidence) casts doubt on the validity of Dollo's law?
a. Many insect lineages have lost their wings over the course of evolution.
b. Tooth primordia develop in chicken embryos with certain genetic mutations.
c. Humans are unable to smell as well as our ancestors because we have lost
some olfactory receptors.
d. The wings of birds and bats evolved independently.
e. Penguins use their wings to swim rather than to fly. - CORRECT ANSWER-b.
Tooth primordia develop in chicken embryos with certain genetic mutations.
,Based on the figure, which statement is false?
a. Darwin recognized that lineages may go extinct.
b. Darwin recognized hybridization as an important means of genetic change.
c. Darwin recognized that not all descendents of an organism's ancestors still
exist.
d. Darwin thought that evolution might take thousands of generations.
e. Darwin recognized that rates of evolutionary change may vary among lineages.
- CORRECT ANSWER-b. Darwin recognized hybridization as an important
means of genetic change.
Which of the following is not a benefit of Linnaeus's classification system?
a. It provides biologists with a common set of names for different organisms.
b. It provides names for species according to an ordered scheme.
c. It is hierarchal.
d. It is well suited for describing patterns of relatedness among different taxa.
e. It makes use of colloquial (common) species names. - CORRECT ANSWER-e.
It makes use of colloquial (common) species names.
Which of the following is an accepted rule of species nomenclature?
a. Names do not need to have a particular meaning.
,b. The genus and species epithet do not need to agree in gender.
c. The name of a species is always printed in boldface type.
d. Taxonomic names cannot be revised.
e. No two species of animals or plants can bear the same name. - CORRECT
ANSWER-e. No two species of animals or plants can bear the same name.
A monophyletic group (also called a clade) is defined as
a. having shared ancestral character states.
b. a branch point in a phylogenetic tree.
c. having shared derived character states.
d. the set of species derived from one common ancestor.
e. having an ancestral characteristic. - CORRECT ANSWER-d. the set of species
derived from one common ancestor.
Which of the following is an example of homologous characters?
a. Crocodiles and humans both have forelimbs with five digits.
b. The aquatic larval stage was lost in a lineage of salamanders but was later
regained.
c. Snails and turtles both have strong, hard shells for protection.
d. Parrotfish and parrots (the birds) both have beaklike mouths.
, e. Some flies have bright yellow coloring like that of wasps, which provides a false
warning. - CORRECT ANSWER-a. Crocodiles and humans both have forelimbs
with five digits.
Which of the following is most likely the result of horizontal gene transfer?
a. The sharing of mitochondrial genes between Homo sapiens and the fungus
Macrolepiota procera
b. The sharing of antibiotic resistance among multiple bacteria species
c. Self-incompatibility genes found in a single plant species
d. β-globin genes shared by members of a taxonomic family
e. Herbicide resistance that is unique to a single strain of weed - CORRECT
ANSWER-b. The sharing of antibiotic resistance among multiple bacteria species
Gene genealogies can vary for different loci. What does this imply for species
trees?
a. Accurately estimated gene trees will always give the correct species phylogeny.
b. Species trees require apomorphies in order to be successfully resolved.
c. Adaptive radiations do not occur.
d. Species trees should be constructed using multiple loci (both nuclear and
mtDNA).
and Correct Detailed Answers Already Graded
A+
Which of the following would not cause complications in inferring a phylogeny?
a. Homoplasy
b. Presence of synapomorphies (shared derived characteristics)
c. Variation in rates of evolution for different taxa
d. Convergent evolution
e. Absence of DNA sequence information for many extinct taxa - CORRECT
ANSWER-b. Presence of synapomorphies (shared derived characteristics)
Which observation (evidence) casts doubt on the validity of Dollo's law?
a. Many insect lineages have lost their wings over the course of evolution.
b. Tooth primordia develop in chicken embryos with certain genetic mutations.
c. Humans are unable to smell as well as our ancestors because we have lost
some olfactory receptors.
d. The wings of birds and bats evolved independently.
e. Penguins use their wings to swim rather than to fly. - CORRECT ANSWER-b.
Tooth primordia develop in chicken embryos with certain genetic mutations.
,Based on the figure, which statement is false?
a. Darwin recognized that lineages may go extinct.
b. Darwin recognized hybridization as an important means of genetic change.
c. Darwin recognized that not all descendents of an organism's ancestors still
exist.
d. Darwin thought that evolution might take thousands of generations.
e. Darwin recognized that rates of evolutionary change may vary among lineages.
- CORRECT ANSWER-b. Darwin recognized hybridization as an important
means of genetic change.
Which of the following is not a benefit of Linnaeus's classification system?
a. It provides biologists with a common set of names for different organisms.
b. It provides names for species according to an ordered scheme.
c. It is hierarchal.
d. It is well suited for describing patterns of relatedness among different taxa.
e. It makes use of colloquial (common) species names. - CORRECT ANSWER-e.
It makes use of colloquial (common) species names.
Which of the following is an accepted rule of species nomenclature?
a. Names do not need to have a particular meaning.
,b. The genus and species epithet do not need to agree in gender.
c. The name of a species is always printed in boldface type.
d. Taxonomic names cannot be revised.
e. No two species of animals or plants can bear the same name. - CORRECT
ANSWER-e. No two species of animals or plants can bear the same name.
A monophyletic group (also called a clade) is defined as
a. having shared ancestral character states.
b. a branch point in a phylogenetic tree.
c. having shared derived character states.
d. the set of species derived from one common ancestor.
e. having an ancestral characteristic. - CORRECT ANSWER-d. the set of species
derived from one common ancestor.
Which of the following is an example of homologous characters?
a. Crocodiles and humans both have forelimbs with five digits.
b. The aquatic larval stage was lost in a lineage of salamanders but was later
regained.
c. Snails and turtles both have strong, hard shells for protection.
d. Parrotfish and parrots (the birds) both have beaklike mouths.
, e. Some flies have bright yellow coloring like that of wasps, which provides a false
warning. - CORRECT ANSWER-a. Crocodiles and humans both have forelimbs
with five digits.
Which of the following is most likely the result of horizontal gene transfer?
a. The sharing of mitochondrial genes between Homo sapiens and the fungus
Macrolepiota procera
b. The sharing of antibiotic resistance among multiple bacteria species
c. Self-incompatibility genes found in a single plant species
d. β-globin genes shared by members of a taxonomic family
e. Herbicide resistance that is unique to a single strain of weed - CORRECT
ANSWER-b. The sharing of antibiotic resistance among multiple bacteria species
Gene genealogies can vary for different loci. What does this imply for species
trees?
a. Accurately estimated gene trees will always give the correct species phylogeny.
b. Species trees require apomorphies in order to be successfully resolved.
c. Adaptive radiations do not occur.
d. Species trees should be constructed using multiple loci (both nuclear and
mtDNA).
