RN ATI NUTRITION PROCTORED EXAM
(RETAKE) – EXPANDED 150+ QUESTION
BANK WITH ANSWERS AND RATIONALES.
PART 1 – QUESTIONS 1 TO 30
1. A client with heart failure is on a 2g sodium diet. Which meal
choice indicates understanding?
A) Ham sandwich with pickles
B) Grilled fish with steamed zucchini
C) Canned vegetable soup with crackers
D) Frozen pizza
Answer:B – Grilled fish with steamed zucchini
Rationale: Fresh fish and non-starchy vegetables are naturally low
in sodium. Ham, pickles, canned soups, and frozen pizza are high in
sodium.
2. A client receiving continuous enteral feeding has a residual
volume of 350 mL. What should the nurse do?
,A) Reinstill and increase rate
B) Discard residual and continue
C) Hold feeding and reassess in 1 hour
D) Flush with 50 mL water
Answer:C – Hold feeding and reassess in 1 hour
Rationale: High residual (>250-300 mL) suggests delayed gastric
emptying; hold feeding to reduce aspiration risk.
3. A client with celiac disease asks which grain is safe. Which is
appropriate?
A) Wheat
B) Barley
C) Rye
D) Quinoa
Answer:D – Quinoa
Rationale: Quinoa is naturally gluten-free. Wheat, barley, and rye
contain gluten.
4. A client on warfarin has an INR of 4.5. Which food may have
contributed?
A) Carrots
B) Kale smoothie
C) Apple
D) White bread
,Answer:B – Kale smoothie
Rationale: Kale is high in vitamin K, which antagonizes warfarin,
increasing INR (bleeding risk).
5. Which lab value best reflects recent protein intake?
A) Albumin 3.8 g/dL
B) Prealbumin 10 mg/dL
C) Transferrin 250 mg/dL
D) Hemoglobin 12 g/dL
Answer:B – Prealbumin 10 mg/dL (low)
Rationale: Prealbumin has a 2-3 day half-life, reflecting recent
protein status. Albumin (20 days) is less sensitive.
6. A client with CKD (not on dialysis) has K+ 6.1. Which food
should be avoided?
A) Apple
B) Banana
C) White rice
D) Green beans
Answer:B – Banana
Rationale: Bananas are high in potassium. CKD patients limit K+ to
prevent arrhythmias.
, 7. A client with dumping syndrome 2 weeks post-gastric bypass
reports dizziness after meals. Which instruction is best?
A) Drink fluids with meals
B) Lie down for 30 minutes after eating
C) Eat high-sugar snacks
D) Increase portion sizes
Answer:B – Lie down after eating
Rationale: Lying down slows gastric emptying, reducing dumping
symptoms. Avoid fluids with meals and simple sugars.
8. Which lab finding is most concerning in a client on TPN?
A) Glucose 120 mg/dL
B) Glucose 380 mg/dL
C) Sodium 138 mEq/L
D) Triglycerides 150 mg/dL
Answer:B – Glucose 380 mg/dL
Rationale: Severe hyperglycemia from TPN increases infection risk;
needs insulin. Do not stop TPN abruptly.
9. A nurse teaches a client with GERD. Which instruction is
correct?
A) Lie down after eating
B) Eat a large meal at bedtime
C) Avoid peppermint and chocolate
D) Wear tight-fitting clothes
(RETAKE) – EXPANDED 150+ QUESTION
BANK WITH ANSWERS AND RATIONALES.
PART 1 – QUESTIONS 1 TO 30
1. A client with heart failure is on a 2g sodium diet. Which meal
choice indicates understanding?
A) Ham sandwich with pickles
B) Grilled fish with steamed zucchini
C) Canned vegetable soup with crackers
D) Frozen pizza
Answer:B – Grilled fish with steamed zucchini
Rationale: Fresh fish and non-starchy vegetables are naturally low
in sodium. Ham, pickles, canned soups, and frozen pizza are high in
sodium.
2. A client receiving continuous enteral feeding has a residual
volume of 350 mL. What should the nurse do?
,A) Reinstill and increase rate
B) Discard residual and continue
C) Hold feeding and reassess in 1 hour
D) Flush with 50 mL water
Answer:C – Hold feeding and reassess in 1 hour
Rationale: High residual (>250-300 mL) suggests delayed gastric
emptying; hold feeding to reduce aspiration risk.
3. A client with celiac disease asks which grain is safe. Which is
appropriate?
A) Wheat
B) Barley
C) Rye
D) Quinoa
Answer:D – Quinoa
Rationale: Quinoa is naturally gluten-free. Wheat, barley, and rye
contain gluten.
4. A client on warfarin has an INR of 4.5. Which food may have
contributed?
A) Carrots
B) Kale smoothie
C) Apple
D) White bread
,Answer:B – Kale smoothie
Rationale: Kale is high in vitamin K, which antagonizes warfarin,
increasing INR (bleeding risk).
5. Which lab value best reflects recent protein intake?
A) Albumin 3.8 g/dL
B) Prealbumin 10 mg/dL
C) Transferrin 250 mg/dL
D) Hemoglobin 12 g/dL
Answer:B – Prealbumin 10 mg/dL (low)
Rationale: Prealbumin has a 2-3 day half-life, reflecting recent
protein status. Albumin (20 days) is less sensitive.
6. A client with CKD (not on dialysis) has K+ 6.1. Which food
should be avoided?
A) Apple
B) Banana
C) White rice
D) Green beans
Answer:B – Banana
Rationale: Bananas are high in potassium. CKD patients limit K+ to
prevent arrhythmias.
, 7. A client with dumping syndrome 2 weeks post-gastric bypass
reports dizziness after meals. Which instruction is best?
A) Drink fluids with meals
B) Lie down for 30 minutes after eating
C) Eat high-sugar snacks
D) Increase portion sizes
Answer:B – Lie down after eating
Rationale: Lying down slows gastric emptying, reducing dumping
symptoms. Avoid fluids with meals and simple sugars.
8. Which lab finding is most concerning in a client on TPN?
A) Glucose 120 mg/dL
B) Glucose 380 mg/dL
C) Sodium 138 mEq/L
D) Triglycerides 150 mg/dL
Answer:B – Glucose 380 mg/dL
Rationale: Severe hyperglycemia from TPN increases infection risk;
needs insulin. Do not stop TPN abruptly.
9. A nurse teaches a client with GERD. Which instruction is
correct?
A) Lie down after eating
B) Eat a large meal at bedtime
C) Avoid peppermint and chocolate
D) Wear tight-fitting clothes
