WGU D115 MASTER SET ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY REVIEW 2026
VERIFIED QUESTIONS WITH
ACCURATE ANSWERS
◉ Identify role of DNA changes in congenital abnormalities.
Answer: Mutations in genes or chromosomal abnormalities
◉ How does development disrupts congenital abnormalities?
Answer: Alterations of DNA
◉ Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how disruptions affect
wellbeing.
Answer: (ex) Fluid and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or dysrhythmias.
◉ Explain RAAS
Answer: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
1. Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin
> produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II >
vasoconstriction > release aldosterone > kidneys conserve sodium and
water > Result less water lost in urine and blood pressure maintained.
◉ DKA
Answer: increased anion gap, decreased HCO3
,◉ How do kidneys compensate for alkalosis
Answer: retain H and excrete HCO3
◉ Untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which electrolyte?
Answer: Potassium
◉ West Nile Virus
Answer: Transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. Severe
signs and symptoms; high fever, headache and stiff neck
◉ Lyme disease
Answer: Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia
burgdorferi.
◉ Erythema infectiosum
Answer: a febrile upper respiratory illness in a child followed by the
sudden appearance of red, flushed cheeks, "fifth disease"
◉ Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with _____.
Answer: Spina bifida
◉ Trousseau's sign
Answer: arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia
, ◉ Cause and sign of spina bifida
Answer: results from failure of neural tube to close. sign - fluid filled sac
on lower back.
◉ hemophilia is more common in
Answer: males
◉ Prenatal exposure to alcohol includes
Answer: ND-PAE, decreased brain function, FAS
◉ Connective vs muscle tissue disorders
Answer: Connective- RA, Scleroderma, Lupus
Muscle - MS, Muscular dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia
◉ Describe Lupus
Answer: Inflammatory disorder characterized by joint pain and butterfly
rash
◉ Describe Myasthenia Gravis
Answer: It is an autoimmune disorder where antibodies attack own Ach
receptors. This causes weakness of skeletal muscles over the course of
the day, along with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty swallowing.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY REVIEW 2026
VERIFIED QUESTIONS WITH
ACCURATE ANSWERS
◉ Identify role of DNA changes in congenital abnormalities.
Answer: Mutations in genes or chromosomal abnormalities
◉ How does development disrupts congenital abnormalities?
Answer: Alterations of DNA
◉ Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how disruptions affect
wellbeing.
Answer: (ex) Fluid and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or dysrhythmias.
◉ Explain RAAS
Answer: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
1. Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin
> produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II >
vasoconstriction > release aldosterone > kidneys conserve sodium and
water > Result less water lost in urine and blood pressure maintained.
◉ DKA
Answer: increased anion gap, decreased HCO3
,◉ How do kidneys compensate for alkalosis
Answer: retain H and excrete HCO3
◉ Untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which electrolyte?
Answer: Potassium
◉ West Nile Virus
Answer: Transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. Severe
signs and symptoms; high fever, headache and stiff neck
◉ Lyme disease
Answer: Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia
burgdorferi.
◉ Erythema infectiosum
Answer: a febrile upper respiratory illness in a child followed by the
sudden appearance of red, flushed cheeks, "fifth disease"
◉ Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with _____.
Answer: Spina bifida
◉ Trousseau's sign
Answer: arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia
, ◉ Cause and sign of spina bifida
Answer: results from failure of neural tube to close. sign - fluid filled sac
on lower back.
◉ hemophilia is more common in
Answer: males
◉ Prenatal exposure to alcohol includes
Answer: ND-PAE, decreased brain function, FAS
◉ Connective vs muscle tissue disorders
Answer: Connective- RA, Scleroderma, Lupus
Muscle - MS, Muscular dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia
◉ Describe Lupus
Answer: Inflammatory disorder characterized by joint pain and butterfly
rash
◉ Describe Myasthenia Gravis
Answer: It is an autoimmune disorder where antibodies attack own Ach
receptors. This causes weakness of skeletal muscles over the course of
the day, along with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty swallowing.
