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Aberration ✔Correct Answer-the failure of a refraction surface or lens to produce an exact
point-to-point correspondence between an object and its image
Accommodation ✔Correct Answer-adjustment by the eye for seeing at different distances,
accomplished by changing the shape of the crystalline lens through action of the ciliary muscle
Albinism ✔Correct Answer-a hereditary absence of pigment in the skin, hair, iris, and retina;
usually associated with a loss of visual acuity, nystagmus and photophobia; often accompanied
by refractive errors
amblyopia ✔Correct Answer-decreased visual acuity without any apparent disease of the eye
ametropia ✔Correct Answer-any optical error in the eye that can be corrected by glasses or
contact lens
anterior chamber ✔Correct Answer-the aqueous-filled space in the forward portion of the
eye, bounded in front by the cornea and behind the iris
aphakia ✔Correct Answer-absence of the crystalline lens of the eye
aqueous ✔Correct Answer-clear, watery fluid which fills the anterior chamber of the eye
aspheric lens ✔Correct Answer-a non-spherical lens, n which the radii of curvature increase
towards the periphery rather than remaining equal at all points. aspheric lenses reduce optical
aberration and improve resolution
asthenopia ✔Correct Answer-ocular fatigue caused by tiring of the muscles in or around the
eye
astigmatism ✔Correct Answer-a refractive error in which light rays fail to come to a single
focus on the retina because of differing amounts of refraction in the various meridians of the
eye
bifocal ✔Correct Answer-lens with two optical zones, one for near vision and one for distance
vision
binocular vision ✔Correct Answer-the ability to use both eyes simultaneously to focus on the
same object and to fuse the images from both eyes into a single image
, biomicroscope ✔Correct Answer-see slit lamp
blindness (legal definition) ✔Correct Answer-having central visual acuity of 20/200 of less in
the better eye after correction or having visual acuity of better than 20/200 but having a visual
field of no greater than 20 degrees
canthus ✔Correct Answer-the angle formed by the meeting of the upper and lower eyelids;
specified as outer or temporal, and inner or nasal
cataract ✔Correct Answer-a clouding of the crystalline lens of the eye or its capsule, or both,
with consequent loss of visual acuity
chalazion ✔Correct Answer-inflammatory enlargement of a meibomian gland in the eye
choriorentintis ✔Correct Answer-inflammation of the choroid and retina
choroid ✔Correct Answer-the vascular, intermediate layer of the eye which furnishes
nourishment to the other parts of the eye
choroiditis ✔Correct Answer-inflammation of the choriod
ciliary body ✔Correct Answer-a portion of the vascular layer between the iris and the choroid
which consists of ciliary processes and ciliary muscle
color deficiency ✔Correct Answer-diminished ability to perceive differences in colors - usually
for red or green rarely for blue or yellow
concave lens ✔Correct Answer-a lens having a surface that is rounded inward so it produces
focal power that diverges parallel rays of light; it is also called a diverging, myopic, or minus lens,
and is denoted by the minus sign
cones and rods ✔Correct Answer-see rods and cones
congential ✔Correct Answer-present at birth
conjuctiva ✔Correct Answer-mucous membrane that lines the eyelid and covers the front part
of the eyeball
conjuctivitis ✔Correct Answer-inflammation of the conjuctiva; caused by irratation, allergy, or
bacterial infection. (pink eye)
contact lences ✔Correct Answer-lenses so constructed that they fit directly on the eyeball