BUS 340 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026

BUS 340 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026 Moore's Law - Answers Computer chip performance per dollar doubles every 18 months Sustainable/Green MIS - Answers Production, management, use, and disposal of technology in a way that minimizes environmental damage Clean Computing - Answers Environmentally responsible use, manufacture, and disposal of technology; focused on reducing environmental waste Corporate Social Responsibility - Answers Companies' acknowledged responsibility to society Green Personal Computer (Green PC) - Answers Built using environment-friendly materials designed to save energy Ewaste - Answers Discarded, obsolete, or broken electronic devices Sustainable MIS Disposal - Answers Safe disposal of MIS assets at the end of their life cycle Upcycle - Answers Reuses or refurbishes ewaste to create a new product Three Pressures Driving Sustainable MIS - Answers Carbon Emissions, Energy Consumption, and Ewaste Carbon Emissions - Answers Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide produced by business processes and systems Energy Consumption - Answers Amount of energy consumed by business processes and systems Sustainable MIS Infrastructure - Answers Identifies ways a company can grow in computing resources while becoming less dependent on hardware and energy Grid Computing - Answers A collection of geographically dispersed computers coordinated to solve a common problem Smart Grid - Answers Delivers electricity using two-way digital technology Virtualized Systems - Answers Creates a virtual version of computing resources such as an OS, server, storage device, or network Virtualization - Answers Creates multiple virtual machines on a single computing device Data Center - Answers A facility used to house MIS and associated components such as telecommunications and storage systems Three Ways Data Centers Become Sustainable - Answers Reducing carbon emissions, storing more data in less floor space, and choosing geographic locations with inexpensive clean resources Cloud Computing - Answers Stores, manages, and processes data and applications over the Internet rather than on a personal computer or server Cloud Computing Advantages - Answers Accessibility, cost saving, flexibility, reliability, portability, capacity on demand, backup/recovery, scalability, availability Public Cloud - Answers Massive, global, industrywide applications offered to the general public; examples: Amazon EC2, Windows Azure Private Cloud - Answers Serves only one customer or organization; located on or off the customer's premises; high security and privacy Community Cloud - Answers Serves a specific community with common business models, security requirements, and compliance needs Hybrid Cloud - Answers Combines two or more private, public, or community clouds linked by technology enabling data and application portability Utility Computing - Answers Pay-per-use revenue model similar to a metered service like gas or electricity Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) - Answers Delivers hardware networking capabilities including servers, networking, and storage over the cloud on a pay-per-use basis Dynamic Scaling - Answers MIS infrastructure can be automatically scaled up or down based on needed requirements Disaster Recovery as a Service (DRaaS) - Answers Cloud-based backup services that protect applications and data from disaster; provides total system backup for business continuity Software as a Service (SaaS) - Answers Delivers applications over the cloud on a pay-per-use basis; examples: Salesforce, Google Apps Data as a Service (DaaS) - Answers Provides business-critical data in a timely, secure, affordable manner on demand regardless of location Security as a Service - Answers Delivers antivirus and security software over the Internet with constant updates; also called cloud security Unified Communications as a Service (UCaaS) - Answers Delivers enterprise communication and collaboration services over the Internet including messaging, meetings, and videoconferencing Single-Tenancy - Answers UCaaS platform integrated with a single enterprise's on-site applications Multi-Tenancy - Answers UCaaS platform that many enterprises can access simultaneously Platform as a Service (PaaS) - Answers Supports deployment of entire systems including hardware, networking, and applications on a pay-per-use basis Big Data as a Service (BDaaS) - Answers Cloud-based Big Data service helping organizations analyze massive amounts of data to solve business problems Three Components of Sustainable MIS Infrastructure - Answers Grid Computing, Virtualization, and Cloud Computing Artificial Intelligence (AI) - Answers The study and application of processes combining computer and data science to enable computer-assisted or automated problem-solving Subfields of AI - Answers Machine learning and deep learning; use AI algorithms to make predictions or classifications based on data AI Relationship Diagram - Answers Deep Learning nested inside Machine Learning, nested inside Artificial Intelligence, all overlapping with Data Science Machine Learning - Answers Uses data and algorithms to emulate human learning; improves accuracy gradually; relies on human interaction and input Deep Learning - Answers Automates portions of the learning process eliminating some need for human intervention; also called scalable machine learning Information Architecture (IA) - Answers Crucial component of overall AI strategy; helps people understand their surroundings and find what they need online and in the real world IBM AI Ladder - Answers Strategy for IA that breaks down AI strategy into steps to better connect data and AI systems IBM AI Ladder — Collect - Answers Make data simple and accessible from a wide variety of sources across the organization IBM AI Ladder — Organize - Answers Create a business-ready analytics foundation; ensure data is cleansed, complete, and compliant IBM AI Ladder — Analyze - Answers Build and scale AI with trust and transparency; organize data so AI solutions can be scaled to maximize benefits IBM AI Ladder — Infuse - Answers Operationalize AI throughout the business across multiple operating areas Cloud-Based AI (Deloitte Study) - Answers Cloud-based software delivers AI capabilities to over 70% of companies using AI; 65% use cloud to create AI applications Internet of Things (IoT) and Cloud AI - Answers Cloud-based AI captures and processes large volumes of IoT device data to maximize human-device interaction AI as a Service (AIaaS) - Answers SaaS application on cloud architecture that executes specific AI tasks with less capital and lower risk than full AI implementation AI Sentience - Answers The ability for AI to express feelings, thoughts, and reasonings; Google disputed claims that LaMDA had become sentient in 2022 Advantages of Cloud-Based AI - Answers Enhanced security, cost savings, increased efficiency, improved data management Disadvantages of Cloud-Based AI - Answers Data privacy, internet connectivity concerns, lack of platform control Cognitive Computing - Answers Use of computer models designed to simulate human thought; used in complex environments where solutions are ambiguous Decision Tree - Answers Rigid decision structure similar to a flowchart used to guide classification and prediction; works well with structured data Structured Data - Answers Data organized in tables, rows, and columns enabling AI algorithms to search through it; used in forecasting and inventory management Unstructured Data - Answers Information lacking predefined structure; includes posts, emails, images, videos, audio; analyzed using NLP and neural networks Historical Data - Answers Data accumulated over time used to train AI systems to identify patterns, trends, and correlations for forecasting Internal vs. External Data - Answers Internal data gathered within an organization; external data sourced from outside entities like websites, social media, competitors FTC Legal Guidance on AI (2020) - Answers FTC urges companies to be transparent, explain algorithm decisions, ensure fairness, and hold themselves accountable for ethics AI Principle — Create Public Trust - Answers Government approaches to AI should encourage creating trustworthy AI applications AI Principle — Public Participation - Answers Organizations should allow the public to participate in AI rule-making processes when financially feasible AI Principle — Scientific Integrity - Answers Maintaining high standards for AI information quality and decision making builds public trust AI Principle — Risk Assessment - Answers Assess possible present risks and evaluate which are acceptable and which pose unacceptable harm AI Principle — Benefits and Costs - Answers Select approaches that maximize net benefits including economic, environmental, public health, safety, and equity AI Principle — Flexibility - Answers AI governance approaches should be performance-based and flexible; rigid governance is unlikely to work AI Principle — Fairness and Nondiscrimination - Answers Ensure fair practices through investigation into data collection, management, and AI processes AI Principle — Disclosure and Transparency - Answers Must be a method to detect when AI is in use and address possible impacts on end-users AI Principle — Safety and Security - Answers AI systems must be safe, secure, and operate as intended through all phases of design and implementation AI Principle — Interagency Coordination - Answers Collaboration and sharing of best practices for AI governance between governmental agencies AI Chatbot - Answers Computer program using AI and NLP to interpret user questions and provide automated responses simulating human conversation Natural Language Understanding (NLU) - Answers Used by AI chatbots to understand users' needs and identify what they are trying to accomplish AI Language Models - Answers Computer software programs using AI to process and generate human languages; trained on enormous volumes of text data Transformer-Based Language Model - Answers Most widely used AI language model; architecture behind GPT-3 and GPT-4; uses neural networks to process and produce text ChatGPT - Answers AI chatbot developed by OpenAI; trained on vast text data using unsupervised learning to generate human-simulated responses Unsupervised Learning - Answers Machine learning technique that identifies patterns in data without human input; used to train ChatGPT ChatGPT Uses - Answers Idea generation, language translation, sentiment analysis, code analysis, and marketing Sentiment Analysis - Answers Detects positive, neutral, or negative sentiment in text; used in customer feedback and filtering harmful social media content Caktus AI - Answers First AI software designed specifically for education; tools include essay writing, paragraph generation, content improvement, and Python coding AI-Powered Bing - Answers GPT-4 powered chatbot integrated into Microsoft's Bing; features targeted search, completed responses, summarized answers, compose, and image creation AI Degree — Artificial Intelligence - Answers Covers neural networks, cognitive systems, NLP, algorithm development, and data structures; heavy math emphasis AI Degree — Computer Science - Answers Covers computing systems design, mathematical foundations, coding, hardware/software; focus areas include AI and data science AI Degree — Data Science - Answers Interdisciplinary area covering math, statistics, and computer science; includes data management, modeling, analytics, and visualization AI Degree — Statistics - Answers Covers mathematical analysis, probability, data analysis, and statistical programming; strong preparation for AI-related fields AI in CRM - Answers AI enhances customer experience through personalized marketing campaigns and AI chatbots providing 24/7 support AI in Human Resources - Answers AI streamlines recruitment, predicts employee turnover, and recommends training to enhance productivity Conversion - Answers Process of transferring information from a legacy system to a new system Legacy System - Answers An old system approaching or beyond the end of its useful life within an organization Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) - Answers Overall process for developing information systems