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in study of epidemiology, morbidity refers to: ✔Correct Answer-disease rate
which of the following statements about community water fluoridation is INCORRECT?
new recommendation is 0.7 ppm of fluoride
showed to be effective against decay
requires no individual effort
relatively expensive to administer ✔Correct Answer-relatively expensive to administer
dental hygiene students of Mclnish college are collecting data of A1C levels (glucose level) in
patients who are 40 years and older.
Students decided to ask all currents patients at Mclnish College who fall within that age range to
participate in research.
what type of sampling method are students using?
random sampling
stratified sampling
systemic sampling
convince sampling ✔Correct Answer-convince sampling
which of the following statements is NOT correct?
women are more likely to seek dental services than men
elderly patients are more likely to seek dental mercies than young patients
individuals with higher socioeconomic status (SES) are more likely to seek dental services than
individual with low SES
caucasians are more likely to seek dental services than other races ✔Correct Answer-elderly
patients are more likely to seek dental mercies than young patients
when different examiners measure prevalence of caries among elementary school students
using same tool called: ✔Correct Answer-interexaminer reliability
Diagnosis in dental office can be compared to which process in community oral health planning
✔Correct Answer-analysis
,group of dental hygienist wants to assess teachers skill level in administration of fluoride mouth
rinse program in kindergarten.
which most suitable for this situation?
interviews
questionnaires
direct observation
data collection of caries rate among students ✔Correct Answer-direct observations
which study method does NOT require hypothesis?
descriptive study
prospective study
randomized control trial
retrospective study ✔Correct Answer-descriptive study
which indices used to assess color, contour, bleeding, ulceration of gingiva? ✔Correct Answer-
gingival index GI
placing amalgam restoration after removing caries from tooth surface is example of:
primary prevention
secondary prevention
tertiary prevention ✔Correct Answer-secondary prevention
ram fjord teeth? ✔Correct Answer-3, 9, 12, 19, 25, 28
patient with gingivitis reports she brushes her teeth twice a day but rarely tosses.
you see slight to moderate plaque, especially on gingival margins.
Which of following indices can help patient understand which specific areas she should focus on
for her oral self-care?
OHI-S
PHP-M
Deans fluorosis
plaque control record ✔Correct Answer-plaque control record
when mean of two different studies or groups are being compared, ______test is indicated
AMOVA
T-test
Chi-square
,P-value ✔Correct Answer-T-test
which of following describes ideal epidemiological index?
index rules are complex
index measures more than what it is
intended to measure
index is not reproducible
data can be expressed in numbers ✔Correct Answer-data can be expressed in numbers
occurrence rate of new disease in population during given period is called: ✔Correct Answer-
incidence
in 210, 100 cases of fluorosis were reported among kindergarteners in city of New Orleans
✔Correct Answer-prevalence
15 year old teenage patient has several carious lesions on occlusal surfaces.
clinician confirms community she lives in is appropriately fluoridated, and patient does visit
clinic regularly.
which following measures could be taken to prevent further decay?
diet counseling
enamel sealant
fluoride toothpaste
fluoride supplements ✔Correct Answer-diet counseling
what type of oral examination is available in private dental clinic?
type I
type II
type III
type IV ✔Correct Answer-type I
find median of following scores:
50, 70, 71, 79, 80, 81, 96, 100 , 102, 110 ✔Correct Answer-80
which of the following is NOT type of scientific evidence used in research?
reliable evidence
, valid evidence
empirical evidence
anecdotal evidence
measurable evidence ✔Correct Answer-anecdotal evidence
which of the following types of sampling has most change of being biased?
convince sample
judgement sampling
random sampling
stratified sampling ✔Correct Answer-judgement sampling
find mean of following scores:
3, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, 17 ✔Correct Answer-10
in positive skew, scores are gathered in ______range ✔Correct Answer-lower
"group of 100 randomly selected people were separated into two equal groups of 50:
experimental group and control group.
later, all participants results were evaluated.
"what type of research method is used in this scenario?
meta-analysis
systemic review
randomized controlled clinical trial
controlled clinical trial ✔Correct Answer-randomized controlled clinical trial
when research involves human subjects,
informed consent requires educating a potential subject of research study's purpose, duration,
experimental procedures, alternatives, risks, and benefits.
This should be conducted before research begins
true/false
true/false ✔Correct Answer-false
true