BIOLOGY TODAY AND TOMORROW WITH
PHYSIOLOGY UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
●● Cell
Answer: Basic unit of life; structural and functional unit of the body.
●● Tissue
Answer: Group of similar cells.
●● Organ
Answer: Group of tissues working together.
●● Organ system
Answer: Multiple organs/tissues forming a system, ex: atrial cells +
ventricular cells + Purkinje system = cardiac system.
●● Circulatory/cardiovascular system
Answer: Blood, heart, vessels, capillaries; delivers nutrients/O₂ and
removes waste.
●● Microcirculation
,Answer: Arterioles + capillaries + venules; the part that directly
"services" cells.
●● Interstitium
Answer: Water-rich space most cells sit in; ~95% water; part of the ECF.
Also called interstitial space, compartment, or tissue.
●● Interstitial fluid
Answer: Fluid within the interstitium; allows nutrient/waste exchange
between capillaries and cells.
●● Function of interstitium
Answer: Supports cells, allows diffusion of nutrients/waste, acts as a
water reservoir during dehydration.
●● Proximal capillary
Answer: Source of water/fluid moving into the interstitium.
●● Distal capillary
Answer: Helps remove water/waste from interstitium.
●● Lymph capillary / lymphatics
, Answer: Removes extra interstitial fluid and waste; important for
preventing fluid buildup.
●● Perfusion
Answer: Delivery of blood/oxygen/nutrients to tissue. Poor perfusion →
low ATP → cell injury/death.
●● Total body water (TBW)
Answer: About 60% of adult body weight.
●● Intracellular fluid compartment (ICF/ICS)
Answer: Fluid inside cells; 67% of TBW; about 40% body weight.
●● Extracellular fluid compartment (ECF/ECS)
Answer: Fluid outside cells; 33% of TBW.
●● Transcellular fluid
Answer: Specialized ECF: pericardial, pleural, peritoneal, synovial, CSF,
aqueous humor.
●● Solute
Answer: Dissolved particle/stuff in fluid.
PHYSIOLOGY UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
●● Cell
Answer: Basic unit of life; structural and functional unit of the body.
●● Tissue
Answer: Group of similar cells.
●● Organ
Answer: Group of tissues working together.
●● Organ system
Answer: Multiple organs/tissues forming a system, ex: atrial cells +
ventricular cells + Purkinje system = cardiac system.
●● Circulatory/cardiovascular system
Answer: Blood, heart, vessels, capillaries; delivers nutrients/O₂ and
removes waste.
●● Microcirculation
,Answer: Arterioles + capillaries + venules; the part that directly
"services" cells.
●● Interstitium
Answer: Water-rich space most cells sit in; ~95% water; part of the ECF.
Also called interstitial space, compartment, or tissue.
●● Interstitial fluid
Answer: Fluid within the interstitium; allows nutrient/waste exchange
between capillaries and cells.
●● Function of interstitium
Answer: Supports cells, allows diffusion of nutrients/waste, acts as a
water reservoir during dehydration.
●● Proximal capillary
Answer: Source of water/fluid moving into the interstitium.
●● Distal capillary
Answer: Helps remove water/waste from interstitium.
●● Lymph capillary / lymphatics
, Answer: Removes extra interstitial fluid and waste; important for
preventing fluid buildup.
●● Perfusion
Answer: Delivery of blood/oxygen/nutrients to tissue. Poor perfusion →
low ATP → cell injury/death.
●● Total body water (TBW)
Answer: About 60% of adult body weight.
●● Intracellular fluid compartment (ICF/ICS)
Answer: Fluid inside cells; 67% of TBW; about 40% body weight.
●● Extracellular fluid compartment (ECF/ECS)
Answer: Fluid outside cells; 33% of TBW.
●● Transcellular fluid
Answer: Specialized ECF: pericardial, pleural, peritoneal, synovial, CSF,
aqueous humor.
●● Solute
Answer: Dissolved particle/stuff in fluid.
