N212 Pathophysiology Exam 1 Questions And
Correct Answers (Eastwick College)
Passive transport
Movement of substances from high to low concentration without energy
Facilitated diffusion
Passive transport using a carrier protein; no ATP required
Glucose transport into cells
Facilitated diffusion using carrier proteins
Agonist
Substance that activates a receptor and causes a response
Antagonist
Substance that blocks a receptor and prevents activation
Ion-channel receptors
Receptors that directly open or close ion channels
Ion-channel receptor action
,Immediate and fast
Ion mnemonic
Immediate
Agonist mnemonic
Go
Antagonist mnemonic
Against
Atrophy
Decrease in cell size and function due to decreased demand
Cause of atrophy
Disuse, ischemia, starvation, denervation
Hypertrophy
Increase in cell size due to increased workload
Cause of hypertrophy
Increased protein synthesis
, Hyperplasia
Increase in number of cells due to mitosis
Cause of hyperplasia
Hormonal stimulation or chronic irritation
Hyperplasia cancer risk
Can progress to cancer
Metaplasia
Replacement of one differentiated cell type with another
Cause of metaplasia
Chronic irritation
Metaplasia reversibility
Fully reversible
Dysplasia
Disorganized cell growth with abnormal size and shape
Dysplasia significance
Premalignant (preneoplastic)
Correct Answers (Eastwick College)
Passive transport
Movement of substances from high to low concentration without energy
Facilitated diffusion
Passive transport using a carrier protein; no ATP required
Glucose transport into cells
Facilitated diffusion using carrier proteins
Agonist
Substance that activates a receptor and causes a response
Antagonist
Substance that blocks a receptor and prevents activation
Ion-channel receptors
Receptors that directly open or close ion channels
Ion-channel receptor action
,Immediate and fast
Ion mnemonic
Immediate
Agonist mnemonic
Go
Antagonist mnemonic
Against
Atrophy
Decrease in cell size and function due to decreased demand
Cause of atrophy
Disuse, ischemia, starvation, denervation
Hypertrophy
Increase in cell size due to increased workload
Cause of hypertrophy
Increased protein synthesis
, Hyperplasia
Increase in number of cells due to mitosis
Cause of hyperplasia
Hormonal stimulation or chronic irritation
Hyperplasia cancer risk
Can progress to cancer
Metaplasia
Replacement of one differentiated cell type with another
Cause of metaplasia
Chronic irritation
Metaplasia reversibility
Fully reversible
Dysplasia
Disorganized cell growth with abnormal size and shape
Dysplasia significance
Premalignant (preneoplastic)
