BIOD 121 PORTAGE LEARNING M3 ACTUAL
EXAM PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ Energy in equals energy out (calories consumed is burned
through basic body functions + exercise
Answer: energy balance
◉ positive energy balance
Answer: occurs if more calories (energy) are consumed than
expended
◉ examples of periods in life when you need to be in a positive
energy balance state:
Answer: pregnancy, childhood, and adolescence in growth spurts
◉ 1 pound in a week is equivalent to :
Answer: 500 extra calories a day
◉ Hyperplasia
,Answer: an increase in the number of fat cells often occurring during
periods of growth, such as adolescence or pregnancy
◉ Hypertrophy
Answer: an increase in the size of fat cells, most often seen in
periods of low growth and maintenance, such as throughout
adulthood
◉ Negative energy balance
Answer: occurs if fewer calories are consumed than calories
expended
◉ Examples of negative energy balance situations:
Answer: during illness or trauma, major burn injury, intentional act
such as dieting to meet a weight loss goal
◉ Our sole source of energy intake is from:
Answer: food and beverages
◉ Energy can be expended naturally via _____________ , _____________,
and _________________
Answer: basal metabolism, the thermic effect of food, and
thermogenesis
, ◉ Energy can be expended intentionally through _______________
Answer: physical activity (aka exercise)
◉ Two major components of energy expenditure are:
Answer: basal metabolic rate and physical activity
◉ Basal metabolic rate (BMR)
Answer: the number of calories used by the body while in a fasting
state and accounts for approximately 60-70% of energy expenditure
◉ BMR varies by person based on factors such as:
Answer: gender, lean body mass, body size, temperature, age,
nervous system activities, levels of caffeine intake, and tobacco use
◉ BMR males:
Answer: 1 kcal/kg/hour
◉ BMR females:
Answer: 0.9 kcal/kg/hour
◉ As we age BMR declines by ______________% per decade so we must
adjust eating habits to prevent weight gain.
EXAM PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ Energy in equals energy out (calories consumed is burned
through basic body functions + exercise
Answer: energy balance
◉ positive energy balance
Answer: occurs if more calories (energy) are consumed than
expended
◉ examples of periods in life when you need to be in a positive
energy balance state:
Answer: pregnancy, childhood, and adolescence in growth spurts
◉ 1 pound in a week is equivalent to :
Answer: 500 extra calories a day
◉ Hyperplasia
,Answer: an increase in the number of fat cells often occurring during
periods of growth, such as adolescence or pregnancy
◉ Hypertrophy
Answer: an increase in the size of fat cells, most often seen in
periods of low growth and maintenance, such as throughout
adulthood
◉ Negative energy balance
Answer: occurs if fewer calories are consumed than calories
expended
◉ Examples of negative energy balance situations:
Answer: during illness or trauma, major burn injury, intentional act
such as dieting to meet a weight loss goal
◉ Our sole source of energy intake is from:
Answer: food and beverages
◉ Energy can be expended naturally via _____________ , _____________,
and _________________
Answer: basal metabolism, the thermic effect of food, and
thermogenesis
, ◉ Energy can be expended intentionally through _______________
Answer: physical activity (aka exercise)
◉ Two major components of energy expenditure are:
Answer: basal metabolic rate and physical activity
◉ Basal metabolic rate (BMR)
Answer: the number of calories used by the body while in a fasting
state and accounts for approximately 60-70% of energy expenditure
◉ BMR varies by person based on factors such as:
Answer: gender, lean body mass, body size, temperature, age,
nervous system activities, levels of caffeine intake, and tobacco use
◉ BMR males:
Answer: 1 kcal/kg/hour
◉ BMR females:
Answer: 0.9 kcal/kg/hour
◉ As we age BMR declines by ______________% per decade so we must
adjust eating habits to prevent weight gain.
