BROOKS BIODIVERSITY UNIT 3
ACTUAL EXAM PAPER 2026
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED
A+
◍ Coevolution.
Answer: adaptations go hand in hand, with one species evolving with the
other
◍ biodiversity.
Answer: the variety of life within a species, community, or ecosystem
◍ species richness.
Answer: the number of species in a community
◍ Plant/Animal Hierarchy.
Answer: Cells --> Tissues --> Organs
◍ 3 Plant Tissues.
Answer: 1. Dermal ("Skin")2. Vascular ("Veins")3. Ground Tissue ("support
tissue")
◍ population.
Answer: all members of one species in a given area at a given time
◍ community.
Answer: all species living in a given area
◍ Leaves.
Answer: Responsible for collection and conservation of solar energyMain
photosynthetic organ of most vascular plant
◍ Stems.
, Answer: Positioning and support of leavesTrunks of trees are actually
modified stems
◍ Roots.
Answer: Anchorage and absorptionVery important for gas exchangeRoots
must anchor quickly and take up water
◍ Are all stomata on the lower surface of the leaf?.
Answer: No! Only mostOn exam
◍ ecosystem.
Answer: living organisms and nonliving factors interacting in a given area
◍ biome.
Answer: a large terrestrial region defined by climate and characteristic
organisms
◍ tundra biome.
Answer: a cold biome with permafrost and low-growing vegetation
◍ Vascular Tissue.
Answer: Xylem and Phloem Responsible for transport
◍ immigration.
Answer: the movement of individuals into a population
◍ emigration.
Answer: the movement of individuals out of a population
◍ Leaf Structure.
Answer: 1. Epidermis2. Mesophyll3. Vein (Vascular Bundle/Vascular
Tissue)
◍ Epidermis of Leaf (2 Parts).
Answer: Dermal TissueComposed of:1. Cuticle2. Guard Cells with Stomata
◍ carrying capacity.
Answer: the maximum population size an environment can support
◍ Cuticle.
, Answer: Non-living structure made of waxProduced by the Epidermis to
resist desiccation (drying out)
◍ Stomata.
Answer: Contain tiny pores called stoma and guard cellsMost are located on
the surface of the plant, but there are some on the upper surfacePurpose is to
regulate gas exchange
◍ Guard Cells.
Answer: Control the opening and closing of stomataPurpose is to regulate
gas exchange
◍ Mesophyll.
Answer: Middle part of the leaf that is the photosynthetic layer (dermal
tissue)Composed of parenchyma
◍ intraspecific competition.
Answer: competition among individuals of the same species
◍ Parenchyma.
Answer: Cells that make up the mesophyll and cells in plantsGeneralized
cell type in plants, which can be modified into collenchyma and
sclerenchymaThin and flexible cellsMost common and versatile ground
tissueUsed for metabolic functions and storage of organic products
◍ Parenchyma in Leaves (monocots and Dicots).
Answer: Monocots have 1 layerDicots have two layers: Palisade and
SpongyForms Mesophyll of leaves
◍ interspecific competition.
Answer: competition among individuals of different species
◍ Parenchyma in Stems.
Answer: Forms the cortex and pith of stems
◍ invasive species.
Answer: a nonnative species that outcompetes native species
◍ Parenchyma in Roots.
, Answer: Forms the cortex
◍ introduced species.
Answer: a species moved into a new ecosystem by humans or other means
◍ sustainability.
Answer: meeting present needs without harming future ecosystem stability
◍ Parenchyma in Fruits.
Answer: Forms the pulp of fruits
◍ Parenchyma in Seeds.
Answer: Forms the endosperm of seeds
◍ homeostasis.
Answer: the ability of an ecosystem or organism to maintain stable
conditions
◍ Palisade Layer.
Answer: Top part of the mesophyll in dicot plants
◍ disturbance.
Answer: an event that changes ecosystem structure or resource availability
◍ moderate disturbance.
Answer: a level of disturbance that can increase biodiversity
◍ extreme disturbance.
Answer: a severe event that significantly reduces biodiversity
◍ intermediate disturbance hypothesis.
Answer: the idea that biodiversity is highest at moderate levels of
disturbance
◍ Spongy Layer.
Answer: Soft middle part of the mesophyll in dicot plants
◍ pioneer species.
Answer: the first organisms to colonize a disturbed ecosystem
ACTUAL EXAM PAPER 2026
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED
A+
◍ Coevolution.
Answer: adaptations go hand in hand, with one species evolving with the
other
◍ biodiversity.
Answer: the variety of life within a species, community, or ecosystem
◍ species richness.
Answer: the number of species in a community
◍ Plant/Animal Hierarchy.
Answer: Cells --> Tissues --> Organs
◍ 3 Plant Tissues.
Answer: 1. Dermal ("Skin")2. Vascular ("Veins")3. Ground Tissue ("support
tissue")
◍ population.
Answer: all members of one species in a given area at a given time
◍ community.
Answer: all species living in a given area
◍ Leaves.
Answer: Responsible for collection and conservation of solar energyMain
photosynthetic organ of most vascular plant
◍ Stems.
, Answer: Positioning and support of leavesTrunks of trees are actually
modified stems
◍ Roots.
Answer: Anchorage and absorptionVery important for gas exchangeRoots
must anchor quickly and take up water
◍ Are all stomata on the lower surface of the leaf?.
Answer: No! Only mostOn exam
◍ ecosystem.
Answer: living organisms and nonliving factors interacting in a given area
◍ biome.
Answer: a large terrestrial region defined by climate and characteristic
organisms
◍ tundra biome.
Answer: a cold biome with permafrost and low-growing vegetation
◍ Vascular Tissue.
Answer: Xylem and Phloem Responsible for transport
◍ immigration.
Answer: the movement of individuals into a population
◍ emigration.
Answer: the movement of individuals out of a population
◍ Leaf Structure.
Answer: 1. Epidermis2. Mesophyll3. Vein (Vascular Bundle/Vascular
Tissue)
◍ Epidermis of Leaf (2 Parts).
Answer: Dermal TissueComposed of:1. Cuticle2. Guard Cells with Stomata
◍ carrying capacity.
Answer: the maximum population size an environment can support
◍ Cuticle.
, Answer: Non-living structure made of waxProduced by the Epidermis to
resist desiccation (drying out)
◍ Stomata.
Answer: Contain tiny pores called stoma and guard cellsMost are located on
the surface of the plant, but there are some on the upper surfacePurpose is to
regulate gas exchange
◍ Guard Cells.
Answer: Control the opening and closing of stomataPurpose is to regulate
gas exchange
◍ Mesophyll.
Answer: Middle part of the leaf that is the photosynthetic layer (dermal
tissue)Composed of parenchyma
◍ intraspecific competition.
Answer: competition among individuals of the same species
◍ Parenchyma.
Answer: Cells that make up the mesophyll and cells in plantsGeneralized
cell type in plants, which can be modified into collenchyma and
sclerenchymaThin and flexible cellsMost common and versatile ground
tissueUsed for metabolic functions and storage of organic products
◍ Parenchyma in Leaves (monocots and Dicots).
Answer: Monocots have 1 layerDicots have two layers: Palisade and
SpongyForms Mesophyll of leaves
◍ interspecific competition.
Answer: competition among individuals of different species
◍ Parenchyma in Stems.
Answer: Forms the cortex and pith of stems
◍ invasive species.
Answer: a nonnative species that outcompetes native species
◍ Parenchyma in Roots.
, Answer: Forms the cortex
◍ introduced species.
Answer: a species moved into a new ecosystem by humans or other means
◍ sustainability.
Answer: meeting present needs without harming future ecosystem stability
◍ Parenchyma in Fruits.
Answer: Forms the pulp of fruits
◍ Parenchyma in Seeds.
Answer: Forms the endosperm of seeds
◍ homeostasis.
Answer: the ability of an ecosystem or organism to maintain stable
conditions
◍ Palisade Layer.
Answer: Top part of the mesophyll in dicot plants
◍ disturbance.
Answer: an event that changes ecosystem structure or resource availability
◍ moderate disturbance.
Answer: a level of disturbance that can increase biodiversity
◍ extreme disturbance.
Answer: a severe event that significantly reduces biodiversity
◍ intermediate disturbance hypothesis.
Answer: the idea that biodiversity is highest at moderate levels of
disturbance
◍ Spongy Layer.
Answer: Soft middle part of the mesophyll in dicot plants
◍ pioneer species.
Answer: the first organisms to colonize a disturbed ecosystem
