NR 341 -Pharmacology CJE Exam Fully Solved &
Updated 2026 \2027 Latest Version For Accuracy
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Already Graded A+ , Reviewed and Updated | High
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What are common sensory motor defects in elderly patients?
Correct Answer:
Elderly patients may experience sensory motor defects.
What cardiovascular changes occur in elderly patients?
Correct Answer:
Elderly patients experience decreased cardiac output (CO) and blood flow.
What are the distribution characteristics of drugs in pediatric patients?
Correct Answer:
Pediatric patients have low fat content, decreased protein binding, increased
blood-brain barrier permeability, and dehydration.
How does metabolism in pediatric patients differ from adults?
Correct Answer:
Pediatric patients have an immature first-pass effect, while older children may
have increased metabolism.
What is the effect of immature kidney function on drug excretion in pediatric
patients?
Correct Answer:
,Decreased perfusion and immature kidney function lead to decreased drug
excretion.
What are the pregnancy categories for medications?
Correct Answer:
Category A: No risk to humans; Category B: No risk to animal fetus; Category C:
Adverse risk to animal fetus; Category D: Possible risk to fetus; Category X:
Fetal abnormalities reported, DO NOT GIVE.
What is polypharmacy and why is it common in elderly patients?
Correct Answer:
Polypharmacy refers to the use of multiple medications, which is common in
elderly patients due to chronic illnesses.
How does aging affect drug absorption in elderly patients?
Correct Answer:
Aging leads to decreased gastric pH, decreased peristalsis, and reduced GI
blood flow.
What changes occur in drug distribution in elderly patients?
Correct Answer:
Elderly patients have increased fat content, decreased body mass and albumin,
and decreased body water.
How does metabolism change in elderly patients?
Correct Answer:
Elderly patients experience a slower first-pass effect.
What is the impact of aging on drug excretion?
Correct Answer:
Aging results in decreased Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR).
What is crucial for pediatric patients regarding medication?
Correct Answer:
Weight/dose calculation is crucial due to limited studies on pediatric patients.
How does drug absorption differ in pediatric patients?
,Correct Answer:
Pediatric patients have less acidic pH until 1-2 years old, slow gastric emptying,
faster IM absorption, and thinner skin.
What should be considered for lactating mothers regarding medication?
Correct Answer:
Risk is present for lactating mothers despite low medication concentration.
What are the 'Seven Rights' of medication administration?
Correct Answer:
Right drug, right dose, right time, right route, right patient, right documentation,
right reason or indication.
What should be done when a medication error occurs?
Correct Answer:
Ensure client safety, notify healthcare provider, follow facility procedures,
reflect on the situation, and do not record incident report completion in medical
records.
What is the priority when using reversal agents for drug overdoses?
Correct Answer:
Identify the overdose medication.
What are common antidotes for specific drugs?
Correct Answer:
Warfarin: Vitamin K; Heparin: Protamine; Acetaminophen: Acetylcysteine;
Calcium Channel Blockers: Intravenous Calcium; Benzodiazepines: Flumazenil;
Beta Blockers: Glucagon; Opioid Drugs: Naloxone.
What defines an Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR)?
Correct Answer:
An ADR is an unexpected, unintended, or excessive response to medications
given at therapeutic dosages.
What is an Adverse Drug Event (ADE)?
Correct Answer:
, An ADE is an undesirable occurrence related to the administration of or failure
to administer a prescribed medication.
What is the importance of patient education regarding medications?
Correct Answer:
Educate patients on medications, potential interactions, maintain a current
medication list, and verify it with pharmacy.
What is the significance of the Therapeutic Index in pharmacology?
Correct Answer:
A wide therapeutic index indicates a large range between therapeutic and toxic
doses, while a low therapeutic index indicates a small range, increasing the risk
for toxicity.
What are the nursing considerations for using Albuterol?
Correct Answer:
Monitor for cardiovascular side effects like tachycardia and palpitations, and be
aware that long-term use can decrease B2 effect leading to B1 stimulation.
What is the mechanism of action for Beta Agonists like Albuterol?
Correct Answer:
Beta Agonists relax and dilate airways by stimulating Beta2-adrenergic
receptors.
What should always be taken first before other inhalers?
Correct Answer:
Bronchodilator
What are the cautions for using bronchodilators?
Correct Answer:
Use with caution in heart disease, diabetes, glaucoma, and seizure disorder.
What can overuse of bronchodilators lead to?
Correct Answer:
Paradoxical bronchospasm.
Which medications can increase digoxin levels?
Updated 2026 \2027 Latest Version For Accuracy
| Expert Guarantee Pass and 100% Accurate |
Already Graded A+ , Reviewed and Updated | High
Yield Questions and Correct Answers | Latest
Exam and Brand New Vrsion!!!
What are common sensory motor defects in elderly patients?
Correct Answer:
Elderly patients may experience sensory motor defects.
What cardiovascular changes occur in elderly patients?
Correct Answer:
Elderly patients experience decreased cardiac output (CO) and blood flow.
What are the distribution characteristics of drugs in pediatric patients?
Correct Answer:
Pediatric patients have low fat content, decreased protein binding, increased
blood-brain barrier permeability, and dehydration.
How does metabolism in pediatric patients differ from adults?
Correct Answer:
Pediatric patients have an immature first-pass effect, while older children may
have increased metabolism.
What is the effect of immature kidney function on drug excretion in pediatric
patients?
Correct Answer:
,Decreased perfusion and immature kidney function lead to decreased drug
excretion.
What are the pregnancy categories for medications?
Correct Answer:
Category A: No risk to humans; Category B: No risk to animal fetus; Category C:
Adverse risk to animal fetus; Category D: Possible risk to fetus; Category X:
Fetal abnormalities reported, DO NOT GIVE.
What is polypharmacy and why is it common in elderly patients?
Correct Answer:
Polypharmacy refers to the use of multiple medications, which is common in
elderly patients due to chronic illnesses.
How does aging affect drug absorption in elderly patients?
Correct Answer:
Aging leads to decreased gastric pH, decreased peristalsis, and reduced GI
blood flow.
What changes occur in drug distribution in elderly patients?
Correct Answer:
Elderly patients have increased fat content, decreased body mass and albumin,
and decreased body water.
How does metabolism change in elderly patients?
Correct Answer:
Elderly patients experience a slower first-pass effect.
What is the impact of aging on drug excretion?
Correct Answer:
Aging results in decreased Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR).
What is crucial for pediatric patients regarding medication?
Correct Answer:
Weight/dose calculation is crucial due to limited studies on pediatric patients.
How does drug absorption differ in pediatric patients?
,Correct Answer:
Pediatric patients have less acidic pH until 1-2 years old, slow gastric emptying,
faster IM absorption, and thinner skin.
What should be considered for lactating mothers regarding medication?
Correct Answer:
Risk is present for lactating mothers despite low medication concentration.
What are the 'Seven Rights' of medication administration?
Correct Answer:
Right drug, right dose, right time, right route, right patient, right documentation,
right reason or indication.
What should be done when a medication error occurs?
Correct Answer:
Ensure client safety, notify healthcare provider, follow facility procedures,
reflect on the situation, and do not record incident report completion in medical
records.
What is the priority when using reversal agents for drug overdoses?
Correct Answer:
Identify the overdose medication.
What are common antidotes for specific drugs?
Correct Answer:
Warfarin: Vitamin K; Heparin: Protamine; Acetaminophen: Acetylcysteine;
Calcium Channel Blockers: Intravenous Calcium; Benzodiazepines: Flumazenil;
Beta Blockers: Glucagon; Opioid Drugs: Naloxone.
What defines an Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR)?
Correct Answer:
An ADR is an unexpected, unintended, or excessive response to medications
given at therapeutic dosages.
What is an Adverse Drug Event (ADE)?
Correct Answer:
, An ADE is an undesirable occurrence related to the administration of or failure
to administer a prescribed medication.
What is the importance of patient education regarding medications?
Correct Answer:
Educate patients on medications, potential interactions, maintain a current
medication list, and verify it with pharmacy.
What is the significance of the Therapeutic Index in pharmacology?
Correct Answer:
A wide therapeutic index indicates a large range between therapeutic and toxic
doses, while a low therapeutic index indicates a small range, increasing the risk
for toxicity.
What are the nursing considerations for using Albuterol?
Correct Answer:
Monitor for cardiovascular side effects like tachycardia and palpitations, and be
aware that long-term use can decrease B2 effect leading to B1 stimulation.
What is the mechanism of action for Beta Agonists like Albuterol?
Correct Answer:
Beta Agonists relax and dilate airways by stimulating Beta2-adrenergic
receptors.
What should always be taken first before other inhalers?
Correct Answer:
Bronchodilator
What are the cautions for using bronchodilators?
Correct Answer:
Use with caution in heart disease, diabetes, glaucoma, and seizure disorder.
What can overuse of bronchodilators lead to?
Correct Answer:
Paradoxical bronchospasm.
Which medications can increase digoxin levels?
