CESSWI Exam Questions and correct Answers|
Latest Update
Erosion
process in which, by the actions of wind and/or water, soil particles detached and
transported
Sediment
eroded material suspended in wind or water
Sedimentation
deposition of eroded material
Types of Erosion
splash
sheet
rill
gully
channel
Splash erosion
raindrop impact energy is enough to dislodge surface sediments
,sheet erosion
caused by rain splash detaching soil particles lifting them up and removing them
by shallow "sheets" of water flowing down the sloped soil surface
Rill Erosion
as flow concentrates, small channels begin to form in the soil surface
Gully Erosion
Formed when runoff cuts rills deeper and wider or when flows from several rills
come together and form a large channels
Channel Erosion
may become unstable due to increased flows or changes in upstream sediment
load
Natural erosion
generally considered due to the influences of climate on the surface of the earth
Accelerated erosion
natural erosion plus human activities
What problems can accelerated erosion cause?
,Unrestricted development
removal of surface cover
increased imperviousness
poor stewardship
Problems associated with construction related erosion
problems for down slope property owners
nuisance problems on streets
clog streams and storm drains
increased turbidity downstream
cover sensitive habitat with sediment
Identify instream damages of sediment
destruction of spawning areas, food sources, habitat
direct toxicity to wildlife
lake degradation
filling of navigation channels
impacts to commercial fisheries
reduction of water storage capacities
Suspended material
sediment can affect light penetration, channel stability, fisheries and habitat
, Name Off stream damages
Increased flood hazards
increased water treatment costs
decreased capacity in conveyance facilities
higher infrastructure maintenance costs
What has increased the amount of impervious surface in our watersheds?
Urbanization and development
priority pollutants include
nutrients
pathogens
heavy metals
toxics
sediment
salts
detergents
hydro carbons
Clean Water Act (CWA)
Federal Water Pollution Control Act enacted to restore and maintain the chemical,
physical and biological integrity of the waters of the US
Latest Update
Erosion
process in which, by the actions of wind and/or water, soil particles detached and
transported
Sediment
eroded material suspended in wind or water
Sedimentation
deposition of eroded material
Types of Erosion
splash
sheet
rill
gully
channel
Splash erosion
raindrop impact energy is enough to dislodge surface sediments
,sheet erosion
caused by rain splash detaching soil particles lifting them up and removing them
by shallow "sheets" of water flowing down the sloped soil surface
Rill Erosion
as flow concentrates, small channels begin to form in the soil surface
Gully Erosion
Formed when runoff cuts rills deeper and wider or when flows from several rills
come together and form a large channels
Channel Erosion
may become unstable due to increased flows or changes in upstream sediment
load
Natural erosion
generally considered due to the influences of climate on the surface of the earth
Accelerated erosion
natural erosion plus human activities
What problems can accelerated erosion cause?
,Unrestricted development
removal of surface cover
increased imperviousness
poor stewardship
Problems associated with construction related erosion
problems for down slope property owners
nuisance problems on streets
clog streams and storm drains
increased turbidity downstream
cover sensitive habitat with sediment
Identify instream damages of sediment
destruction of spawning areas, food sources, habitat
direct toxicity to wildlife
lake degradation
filling of navigation channels
impacts to commercial fisheries
reduction of water storage capacities
Suspended material
sediment can affect light penetration, channel stability, fisheries and habitat
, Name Off stream damages
Increased flood hazards
increased water treatment costs
decreased capacity in conveyance facilities
higher infrastructure maintenance costs
What has increased the amount of impervious surface in our watersheds?
Urbanization and development
priority pollutants include
nutrients
pathogens
heavy metals
toxics
sediment
salts
detergents
hydro carbons
Clean Water Act (CWA)
Federal Water Pollution Control Act enacted to restore and maintain the chemical,
physical and biological integrity of the waters of the US
