NR 547 Differential Diagnosis in Psychiatric-Mental Health
across the Lifespan Practicum - Chamberlain
NR 547 Week 4
1. Lack of sleep may lead to: mental health problems, injuries, decreased
productivity, and increased risk of death: mental health problems, injuries,
de- creased productivity, and increased risk of death
2. Excitatory vs sleep - promoting neurotransmitters: Excitatory
- acetylcholine
- norepinephrine
- histamine
- serotonin
- orexin
- dopamine
Sleep - promoting
- GABA
- melatonin
- adenosine 116 /
3. Restless legs syndrome treatment: Dopamine agonists
,- pramipexole (Mirapex), ropinirole (Requip)
• adverse effects: daytime somnolence, nausea
Iron
- Check serum iron levels.
• Provide supplementation if needed
Gabapentin/ pregabalin
- severe or painful RLS
4. The and give the penis its erectile,
sexual function.: three corpora and associated blood vessels
5. Erectile dysfunction: AKA impotence
- the inability to get and/or maintain a penile erection that is firm enough for
sexual relations
- can be due to physical or psychological causes
• affect any of the areas of the brain, reproductive hormones, emotions,
nerves, muscles, and/or blood vessels that are involved with the phenomenon of
erection • most common physical causes include heart disease, atherosclerosis
(clogged blood vessels), high blood pressure, nerve damage, and stroke
• most common psychological causes include stress, anxiety, depression, or
com - munication issues with the sexual partner
6. CDC recommends that adults sleep hours per night: 7- 9
7. The sleep cycle occurs over approximately minutes with
distinct stages: 50- 70 minutes five distinct stages
2/
16
8. Sleep Cycle Stages: Stage 1: Drowsy
, - Short period of non - REM sleep, includes drowsiness & drifting off to sleep; can
quickly awaken; eye movements, breathing, & heart rate slow, but occasional
muscle twitches occur Stage 2: Light Sleep
- Brain activity slows, but brief bursts of electrical activity (sleep spindles)
occur; eye movement stops; more repeated sleep cycles occur in stage 2 than
in any other stage.
Stage 3: Moderate to Deep Sleep
- Heartbeat & breathing slow to lowest levels and muscles relax; more
challenging to wake; brain waves slow, delta waves are present.
Stage 4: Deep Sleep
- Stages 3 and 4 are necessary to feel rested in the morning; brain waves are
almost exclusively delta waves; sleepwalking, if present, occurs during this stage
Stage 5 - REM sleep
- approximately 90 min after sleep begins; eyes move rapidly from side to side
with eyes closed; breathing is irregular and faster than during other stages;
heart rate & BP are similar to waking levels; most dreaming occurs during REM
sleep; sleep paralysis can occur; REM sleep decreases with age.
9. Factors Affecting Sleep: - Emotional stress
- Fatigue
- Use of drugs or other substance abuse
- Physical illness
- Environmental factors
- Food and caloric intake
10. Sleep/wake homeostasis: the function that tracks the body's need for rest
3 / and
controls the amount and intensity of sleep 16
- affected by light and dark
• If the eyes perceive light, melatonin production is suppressed, leading to
wakeful - ness
across the Lifespan Practicum - Chamberlain
NR 547 Week 4
1. Lack of sleep may lead to: mental health problems, injuries, decreased
productivity, and increased risk of death: mental health problems, injuries,
de- creased productivity, and increased risk of death
2. Excitatory vs sleep - promoting neurotransmitters: Excitatory
- acetylcholine
- norepinephrine
- histamine
- serotonin
- orexin
- dopamine
Sleep - promoting
- GABA
- melatonin
- adenosine 116 /
3. Restless legs syndrome treatment: Dopamine agonists
,- pramipexole (Mirapex), ropinirole (Requip)
• adverse effects: daytime somnolence, nausea
Iron
- Check serum iron levels.
• Provide supplementation if needed
Gabapentin/ pregabalin
- severe or painful RLS
4. The and give the penis its erectile,
sexual function.: three corpora and associated blood vessels
5. Erectile dysfunction: AKA impotence
- the inability to get and/or maintain a penile erection that is firm enough for
sexual relations
- can be due to physical or psychological causes
• affect any of the areas of the brain, reproductive hormones, emotions,
nerves, muscles, and/or blood vessels that are involved with the phenomenon of
erection • most common physical causes include heart disease, atherosclerosis
(clogged blood vessels), high blood pressure, nerve damage, and stroke
• most common psychological causes include stress, anxiety, depression, or
com - munication issues with the sexual partner
6. CDC recommends that adults sleep hours per night: 7- 9
7. The sleep cycle occurs over approximately minutes with
distinct stages: 50- 70 minutes five distinct stages
2/
16
8. Sleep Cycle Stages: Stage 1: Drowsy
, - Short period of non - REM sleep, includes drowsiness & drifting off to sleep; can
quickly awaken; eye movements, breathing, & heart rate slow, but occasional
muscle twitches occur Stage 2: Light Sleep
- Brain activity slows, but brief bursts of electrical activity (sleep spindles)
occur; eye movement stops; more repeated sleep cycles occur in stage 2 than
in any other stage.
Stage 3: Moderate to Deep Sleep
- Heartbeat & breathing slow to lowest levels and muscles relax; more
challenging to wake; brain waves slow, delta waves are present.
Stage 4: Deep Sleep
- Stages 3 and 4 are necessary to feel rested in the morning; brain waves are
almost exclusively delta waves; sleepwalking, if present, occurs during this stage
Stage 5 - REM sleep
- approximately 90 min after sleep begins; eyes move rapidly from side to side
with eyes closed; breathing is irregular and faster than during other stages;
heart rate & BP are similar to waking levels; most dreaming occurs during REM
sleep; sleep paralysis can occur; REM sleep decreases with age.
9. Factors Affecting Sleep: - Emotional stress
- Fatigue
- Use of drugs or other substance abuse
- Physical illness
- Environmental factors
- Food and caloric intake
10. Sleep/wake homeostasis: the function that tracks the body's need for rest
3 / and
controls the amount and intensity of sleep 16
- affected by light and dark
• If the eyes perceive light, melatonin production is suppressed, leading to
wakeful - ness
