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NUR 242 EXAM 4 – CARDIOVASCULAR EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST 2026/2027
GRADED A+ | GALEN
What is preload? - correct answer - the heart is being stretched out
What does preload reflect? - correct answer - how much fluid is in the
heart
Example of increased preload - correct answer - CHF
Example of increased afterload - correct answer - hypertension What is
blood pressure? - correct answer - force of blood against vessel walls
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What is diastolic blood pressure? - correct answer - amount of pressure
against the arterial walls during RELAXATION of the heart
What is the equation for cardiac output? - correct answer - CO =
HR x SV
What is afterload? - correct answer - resistance the ventricle must
overcome to eject blood
What is the equation for MAP? - correct answer - 2(diastolic) + systolic
/3
What is the minimum the MAP can be to maintain adequate perfusion? -
correct answer - no less than 60
What is systolic blood pressure? - correct answer - amount of pressure
generated by the left ventricle to distribute blood into the aorta with
each CONTRACTION of the heart
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What is another name for orthostatic changes? - correct answer -
postural hypotension
How do you measure orthostatic changes? - correct answer - Check
blood pressure in the following order: after laying supine for 3 minutes,
after sitting for 1 minute and standing **Keep cuff in same place**
Cardiovascular assessment - correct answer - general apperance, skin,
weight, edema, extremities, blood pressure
Markers of myocardial damage - correct answer - troponin, creatinine
kinase, CKMB, myoglobin, serum lipids, homocystine levels
Normal lipid levels - correct answer - Total cholesterol
<200mg/dL, LDL (Cardiac pt) <70/dL, LDL (Non-Cardiac pt)
<130/, HDL >40mg/dL, Triglycerides <150mg/dL
NUR 242 EXAM 4 – CARDIOVASCULAR EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST 2026/2027
GRADED A+ | GALEN
What is preload? - correct answer - the heart is being stretched out
What does preload reflect? - correct answer - how much fluid is in the
heart
Example of increased preload - correct answer - CHF
Example of increased afterload - correct answer - hypertension What is
blood pressure? - correct answer - force of blood against vessel walls
, Page | 2
What is diastolic blood pressure? - correct answer - amount of pressure
against the arterial walls during RELAXATION of the heart
What is the equation for cardiac output? - correct answer - CO =
HR x SV
What is afterload? - correct answer - resistance the ventricle must
overcome to eject blood
What is the equation for MAP? - correct answer - 2(diastolic) + systolic
/3
What is the minimum the MAP can be to maintain adequate perfusion? -
correct answer - no less than 60
What is systolic blood pressure? - correct answer - amount of pressure
generated by the left ventricle to distribute blood into the aorta with
each CONTRACTION of the heart
, Page | 3
What is another name for orthostatic changes? - correct answer -
postural hypotension
How do you measure orthostatic changes? - correct answer - Check
blood pressure in the following order: after laying supine for 3 minutes,
after sitting for 1 minute and standing **Keep cuff in same place**
Cardiovascular assessment - correct answer - general apperance, skin,
weight, edema, extremities, blood pressure
Markers of myocardial damage - correct answer - troponin, creatinine
kinase, CKMB, myoglobin, serum lipids, homocystine levels
Normal lipid levels - correct answer - Total cholesterol
<200mg/dL, LDL (Cardiac pt) <70/dL, LDL (Non-Cardiac pt)
<130/, HDL >40mg/dL, Triglycerides <150mg/dL
