CMS PHARMACOLOGY STUDY GUIDE WITH ACCURATE QUESTIONS AND DETAILED SOLUTIONS GRADED A+ GUARANTEED TO PASS 100%

1. A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client who is prescribed strong iodide solution (Lugol's solution) prior to thyroid surgery. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor the client? a. Blurred vision b. Metallic taste c. Absence seizures d. Frontal headache ANSWER b. Metallic taste 2. A client taking hydrocortisone for adrenocortical insufficiency (Addison's disease) is admitted to the hospital for a total hip arthroplasty. Which is the following actions is the highest priority? a. Administration of supplemental doses of hydrocortisone b. Instruction on coughing and deep breathing c. Insertion of an indwelling urinary catheter d. Requesting a referral for physical therapy a. Administration of supplemental doses of hydrocortisone 3. A nurse is preparing to administer scheduled immunizations to a 2-month-old infant. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the parent before discharge? a. Treat discomfort with liquid ibuprofen for the first 24 hr following the vaccinations. b. Apply warm compresses to injection site comfort. c. Call the provider if the injection site becomes slightly reddened. d. Gently move the involved extremity to decrease discomfort. ANSWER d. Gently move the involved extremity to decrease discomfort. 4. A nurse is caring for a client who has a suspected bacterial infection in her urine. Which of the following prescribed laboratory tests will identify which micro-organism is responsible for the injection? a. Gram stain b. Culture c. Sensitivity d. Specific gravity ANWER b. Culture 5. A nurse is caring for a client for urgent care clinic who has pneumonia. The client is prescribed ampicillin (Pricipen). Two days later the client calls the clinic and reports to the nurse that she is experiencing itchy rash. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. Collect data about previous allergic reactions. b. Ask the client to describe her symptoms. c. Tell the client not to take the next dose of antibiotic. d. Have the client come to the clinic to see her provider. ANSWER b. Ask the client to describe her symptoms. 6. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving vancomycin (Vancocin) for a severe infection. For which of the following should the nurse monitor the client in order to collect data about a possible adverse reaction to vancomycin? a. Visual acuity b. Hearing ability c. Presence of ataxia d. Deep tendon reflexes ANSWER b. Hearing ability 7. A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client who has a urinary tract infection and a new prescription for Primaxin. Which of the following adverse reactions should the nurse instruct the client to watch for? a. Oral thrush b. Chest pain c. Rapid pulse d. Peripheral neuropathy a. Oral thrush 8. A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a client prescribed tetracycline (Sumycin) to treat a gastrointestinal infection. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching? a. "I will be sure to wear long sleeves when out in the sun." b. "I will take the medication with a full glass of milk." c. "I will finish all the medicine even if I am feeling better." d. "I will take the medication first thing in the morning.' ANSWER b. "I will take the medication with full glass of milk." 9. A nurse is caring for a client who will receive gentamicin (Garamycin) intermittent IV bolus at noon. The infusion will take 30 min. When should the nurse plan to have a peak level of gentamicin drawn by the laboratory? a. 12:30 pm b. 1:00 pm c. 2:30 pm d. 3:00 pm ANSWER b. 1:00 pm 10. A nurse is caring for a client with a prescription for erythromycin (E-Mycin) to treat a urethral infection. The client also takes daily prescriptions for furosemide (Lasix) and warfarin (Coumadin). For which of the following manifestations of a drug interaction should the nurse monitor the client? a. Bradycardia b. Urinary retention c. Bleeding d. Hypernatremia ANSWER c. Bleeding 11. A nurse is caring for a client who receives amikacin (Amikin) by intermittent IV bolus for a severe infection. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse recognize as an adverse effect of amikacin? a. Elevated serum creatinine b. Elevated triglycerides c. Decrease serum potassium d. Decrease hematocrit a. Elevated serum creatinine 12. A nurse is caring for a group of clients who each have urinary tract infections. The nurse should know that trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is contraindicated in clients who have had a hypersensitivity reaction to which of the following medications? a. Digoxin (Lanoxin) b. Chlorothiazide (Diuril) c. Ranitidine (Zantac) d. Rosiglitazone (Avandia) ANSWER b. Chlorothiazide (Diuril) 13. A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client with a prescription for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim). Which of the following precautions should the nurse reinforce to the client in order to minimize the adverse effects of the medication? a. Avoid prolonged sun exposure. b. Slip water or suck hard candy frequently. c. Stop taking the medication if ringing in the ears occurs. d. Increase the amount of fiber and liquids in the diet. a. Avoid prolonged sun exposure. 14. A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes mellitus and pulmonary tuberculosis. The client has a new prescription for isoniazid (INH). Which of the following supplements should the nurse expect to administer to prevent an adverse effect of isoniazid? a. Ascorbic acid b. Pyridoxine c. Folic acid d. Cyanocobalamin ANSWER b. Pyridoxine 15. A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for oral ketoconazole (Nizoral), which he will be taking for several months to treat a systemic fungal infection. Which of the following should the nurse to monitor? a. BUN and serum creatinine levels b. Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels c. Liver function tests d. Thyroid function tests ANSWER c. Liver function tests 16. A nurse is monitoring a client with latent tuberculosis who has been taking twice-weekly isoniazid (INH) for the past 3 months. For which of the following findings should the nurse monitor the client? a. Jaundice b. Renal impairment c. Hypotension d. Palpitations a. Jaundice 17. A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a client who has HIV-positive and has a new prescription for efavirenz (Sustiva), an NNRTI medication. Which 0f the following adverse effects should the nurse teach the client to watch for? a. A rash, which may begin within two weeks b. Orthostatic hypotension, which may occur following the first dose c. Hair loss, which may start after 2 to 3 days d. Ankle edema, which may occur after several months of therapy a. A rash, which may begin within two weeks 18. A nurse is preparing to administer medication for a client who is receiving intermittent enteral feedings through a gastrostomy tube. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Crush extended-release tablets b. Administer sublingual tablets under the tongue c. Flush with 10 mL of warm water when completed d. Add medications to enteral feeding ANSWER b. Administer sublingual tablets under the tongue 19. A health care provider prescribes furosemide (Lasix) 40 mg PO now. The nurse should recognize this as which type of order? a. Single order b. Stat order c. Routine order d. Standing order ANSWER b. Stat order 20. A nurse is preparing to administer a client's morning insulin dosage. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. Review the client's blood glucose level b. Verify the client's identity c. Ask another nurse to check the amount of insulin drawn into the syringe. d. Wash the injection site with soap and water a. Review the client's blood glucose level 21. A client has a new prescription for spironolactone (Aldactone). Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse recognize as a reason to withhold the morning dose of the medication and notify the provider? a. Serum sodium 138 mEq/L b. Serum potassium 5.2 mEq/L c. Serum creatinine 1.2 mEq/L d. Serum chloride 106 mEq/L ANSWER b. Serum potassium 5.2 mEq/L 22. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed daily doses of both digoxin (Lanoxin) and furosemide (Lasix). The client's potassium level is 3.2 mEq/L. For which of the Following medication interaction, is the client at risk? a. Toxic levels of furosemide b. Toxic levels of digoxin c. Sub-therapeutic levels of furosemide d. Sub-therapeutic levels of digoxin ANSWER b. Toxic levels of digoxin