CCRN QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS UPDATED 2026 A+
Cardiovascular
# Term Definition
1 PCWP (Norm) 8-12
2 CVP (Norm) (a,c,v)
0-5 Atrial contraction Close tricuspid vale Volume filling
3 layers of the heart (Inside-Out) Endocardium Myocardium Pericardium
4
CVP 0-5 RA 2-6 RV 15-25/0-8 PA 15-25/8-15 PCWP 8-12 LA
Pressures (CVP, RA, RV, PA, PCWP, LA, LV)
8-12 LV 110-130/8-12
5 Low RAP/High RAP
Hypovolemia, extreme vasodilation(sepsis) ----
Hypervolemia, vasoconstriction, Pulm HTP, R HF
6 Pericarditis
Friction rub, pain, Inc WBCs, Inc temp Pulses paradoxus-
Tx-Analgesic, antiinflammatory, antibiotics,
pericardiocentesis
7 Endocarditis
Microbs in bloodstream attach to endo. Strep. Hx of heart
condition-valve, RA fever, congenital defect. ID
bug/replace valve
8 S/S of LHF Inc PCWP, Inc HR, dyspnea, diaphorsesis
9 S/S RHF Inc CVP, Jugular distention, Edema,
10 Phases 0, 1, 2, 4 0-Depol, Na 1 2- Repol, Ca 4- Rest
, CCRN
11 Blocked Posterior portion of L bundle
Posterior Hemiblock - conduction defect
12 TX VF Defibrilate (200-300j)
13 Inferior MI leads II, III, aVF
14 Anterior MI leads V1-V4
15 Lateral MI leads I, aVL, V5-V6
# Term Definition
16 R Vent MI leads V1-V2, V4R, V6R
17 RBBB
Atrial Premature Beat (Aberrant
Conduction)
18 Anterior Hemiblock L axis deviation greater than -30.
19 Posterior Hemiblock R axis deviation greater than +90.
20
L vent hypertrophy is manifested by ECK S wave in V1 and R wave in V5 totaling more than
change? 35mm
21 R:S ratio greater that 1:1 in V1 L ANT RAD Norm
R vent hypertrophy is manifested by ECG
change?
22 5 E's of angina Pain Exercise Eating Emotion Exposure Exertion
23 ABI
Divide the ankle pressure by the brachial pressure on the
same side.
ANSWERS UPDATED 2026 A+
Cardiovascular
# Term Definition
1 PCWP (Norm) 8-12
2 CVP (Norm) (a,c,v)
0-5 Atrial contraction Close tricuspid vale Volume filling
3 layers of the heart (Inside-Out) Endocardium Myocardium Pericardium
4
CVP 0-5 RA 2-6 RV 15-25/0-8 PA 15-25/8-15 PCWP 8-12 LA
Pressures (CVP, RA, RV, PA, PCWP, LA, LV)
8-12 LV 110-130/8-12
5 Low RAP/High RAP
Hypovolemia, extreme vasodilation(sepsis) ----
Hypervolemia, vasoconstriction, Pulm HTP, R HF
6 Pericarditis
Friction rub, pain, Inc WBCs, Inc temp Pulses paradoxus-
Tx-Analgesic, antiinflammatory, antibiotics,
pericardiocentesis
7 Endocarditis
Microbs in bloodstream attach to endo. Strep. Hx of heart
condition-valve, RA fever, congenital defect. ID
bug/replace valve
8 S/S of LHF Inc PCWP, Inc HR, dyspnea, diaphorsesis
9 S/S RHF Inc CVP, Jugular distention, Edema,
10 Phases 0, 1, 2, 4 0-Depol, Na 1 2- Repol, Ca 4- Rest
, CCRN
11 Blocked Posterior portion of L bundle
Posterior Hemiblock - conduction defect
12 TX VF Defibrilate (200-300j)
13 Inferior MI leads II, III, aVF
14 Anterior MI leads V1-V4
15 Lateral MI leads I, aVL, V5-V6
# Term Definition
16 R Vent MI leads V1-V2, V4R, V6R
17 RBBB
Atrial Premature Beat (Aberrant
Conduction)
18 Anterior Hemiblock L axis deviation greater than -30.
19 Posterior Hemiblock R axis deviation greater than +90.
20
L vent hypertrophy is manifested by ECK S wave in V1 and R wave in V5 totaling more than
change? 35mm
21 R:S ratio greater that 1:1 in V1 L ANT RAD Norm
R vent hypertrophy is manifested by ECG
change?
22 5 E's of angina Pain Exercise Eating Emotion Exposure Exertion
23 ABI
Divide the ankle pressure by the brachial pressure on the
same side.
