,NUR 361 Exam 2 | Professional Nursing |
Comprehensive Questions & Verified Answers | 2026
Edition | California University
1. Which of the following best describes the role of the nurse in the informed consent process?
A) Witnessing the patient's signature after the health care provider explains the procedure
B) Explaining the risks and benefits of the planned surgery
C) Obtaining the patient's signature on the consent form
D) Determining the patient's decision-making capacity
Correct Answer: Witnessing the patient's signature after the health care provider explains the procedure
Rationale: The nurse’s role is to witness the signature and verify that the patient understands the
information, not to explain risks (provider duty) or determine capacity (a legal function). The provider
obtains the consent; the nurse facilitates the process and advocates for the patient.
2. What is the primary purpose of the “Plan” step in the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) quality improvement
cycle?
A) To analyze data collected during the pilot
B) To define the objective, assemble a team, and design an evidence-based intervention
C) To implement the change on a large scale
D) To standardize the successful change across the organization
Correct Answer: To define the objective, assemble a team, and design an evidence-based intervention
Rationale: The Plan phase involves identifying a specific aim, gathering a team, reviewing current
evidence, and designing the change. Do is implementing the pilot; Study is analyzing data; Act is
adopting or modifying the change.
3. According to the five rights of delegation, the nurse must ensure the task is delegated to the right
,A) patient
B) supervisor
C) person
D) physician
Correct Answer: Person
Rationale: The five rights of delegation are: right task, right circumstance, right person, right
direction/communication, and right supervision/evaluation. Selecting the appropriate person with the
correct skill set is essential for safe delegation.
4. The nurse is caring for a patient who develops a sudden onset of dyspnea and wheezing. What is the
first action the nurse should take?
A) Administer a prescribed bronchodilator
B) Assess the patient’s respiratory status and vital signs
C) Notify the health care provider
D) Document the symptoms
Correct Answer: Assess the patient’s respiratory status and vital signs
Rationale: Assessment is always the first step of the nursing process. The nurse must collect objective
data before implementing any intervention or notifying the provider. This ensures accurate and timely
decision-making.
5. A nurse leader holds town hall meetings to share the vision of a new electronic health record system.
This aligns with which step of Kotter’s 8-step change model?
A) Communicating the change vision
B) Generating short-term wins
C) Anchoring new approaches in the culture
D) Creating a guiding coalition
, Correct Answer: Communicating the change vision
Rationale: Kotter’s fourth step is “Communicate the Change Vision” – sharing the vision and strategy
broadly through multiple channels. Town hall meetings are an effective method. Short-term wins are
Step 6; anchoring is Step 8; coalition is Step 2.
6. A newly licensed nurse asks why evidence-based practice is essential. Which response by the
preceptor is most accurate?
A) It replaces the need for critical thinking
B) It integrates the best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient preferences
C) It focuses solely on randomized controlled trials
D) It relies on tradition and unit culture
Correct Answer: It integrates the best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient preferences
Rationale: Evidence-based practice is a problem-solving approach that combines the best available
evidence, clinician expertise, and patient values to guide clinical decision-making, not relying solely on
tradition or a single study design.
7. During a team meeting, a nurse states, “I think we should change the wound care protocol based on a
recent systematic review.” This statement reflects which critical thinking attitude?
A) Open-mindedness
B) Intellectual courage
C) Confidence in reason
D) Curiosity
Correct Answer: Confidence in reason
Rationale: Confidence in reason is the attitude that evidence and rational thinking should drive
decisions. The nurse is advocating for a change based on systematic review evidence. Open-mindedness
is considering alternatives; intellectual courage is questioning authority; curiosity is seeking new
knowledge.
Comprehensive Questions & Verified Answers | 2026
Edition | California University
1. Which of the following best describes the role of the nurse in the informed consent process?
A) Witnessing the patient's signature after the health care provider explains the procedure
B) Explaining the risks and benefits of the planned surgery
C) Obtaining the patient's signature on the consent form
D) Determining the patient's decision-making capacity
Correct Answer: Witnessing the patient's signature after the health care provider explains the procedure
Rationale: The nurse’s role is to witness the signature and verify that the patient understands the
information, not to explain risks (provider duty) or determine capacity (a legal function). The provider
obtains the consent; the nurse facilitates the process and advocates for the patient.
2. What is the primary purpose of the “Plan” step in the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) quality improvement
cycle?
A) To analyze data collected during the pilot
B) To define the objective, assemble a team, and design an evidence-based intervention
C) To implement the change on a large scale
D) To standardize the successful change across the organization
Correct Answer: To define the objective, assemble a team, and design an evidence-based intervention
Rationale: The Plan phase involves identifying a specific aim, gathering a team, reviewing current
evidence, and designing the change. Do is implementing the pilot; Study is analyzing data; Act is
adopting or modifying the change.
3. According to the five rights of delegation, the nurse must ensure the task is delegated to the right
,A) patient
B) supervisor
C) person
D) physician
Correct Answer: Person
Rationale: The five rights of delegation are: right task, right circumstance, right person, right
direction/communication, and right supervision/evaluation. Selecting the appropriate person with the
correct skill set is essential for safe delegation.
4. The nurse is caring for a patient who develops a sudden onset of dyspnea and wheezing. What is the
first action the nurse should take?
A) Administer a prescribed bronchodilator
B) Assess the patient’s respiratory status and vital signs
C) Notify the health care provider
D) Document the symptoms
Correct Answer: Assess the patient’s respiratory status and vital signs
Rationale: Assessment is always the first step of the nursing process. The nurse must collect objective
data before implementing any intervention or notifying the provider. This ensures accurate and timely
decision-making.
5. A nurse leader holds town hall meetings to share the vision of a new electronic health record system.
This aligns with which step of Kotter’s 8-step change model?
A) Communicating the change vision
B) Generating short-term wins
C) Anchoring new approaches in the culture
D) Creating a guiding coalition
, Correct Answer: Communicating the change vision
Rationale: Kotter’s fourth step is “Communicate the Change Vision” – sharing the vision and strategy
broadly through multiple channels. Town hall meetings are an effective method. Short-term wins are
Step 6; anchoring is Step 8; coalition is Step 2.
6. A newly licensed nurse asks why evidence-based practice is essential. Which response by the
preceptor is most accurate?
A) It replaces the need for critical thinking
B) It integrates the best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient preferences
C) It focuses solely on randomized controlled trials
D) It relies on tradition and unit culture
Correct Answer: It integrates the best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient preferences
Rationale: Evidence-based practice is a problem-solving approach that combines the best available
evidence, clinician expertise, and patient values to guide clinical decision-making, not relying solely on
tradition or a single study design.
7. During a team meeting, a nurse states, “I think we should change the wound care protocol based on a
recent systematic review.” This statement reflects which critical thinking attitude?
A) Open-mindedness
B) Intellectual courage
C) Confidence in reason
D) Curiosity
Correct Answer: Confidence in reason
Rationale: Confidence in reason is the attitude that evidence and rational thinking should drive
decisions. The nurse is advocating for a change based on systematic review evidence. Open-mindedness
is considering alternatives; intellectual courage is questioning authority; curiosity is seeking new
knowledge.
