CERTIFIED PARAOPTOMETRIC 2026 EXAM
PREPARATION PACK KEY EYE CARE
PROCEDURES AND SAMPLE QUESTIONS WITH
EXPLANATIONS
◉ Nasolacrimal Duct. Answer: The drainage system for the tears to
leave the eye.
◉ Amblyopia. Answer: A loss of vision in one or both eyes.
◉ Aphakia. Answer: When a cataract progress to the degree that it
interferes with vision, the crystalline lens can be surgically removed.
Absence of the lens in the eye.
◉ Chalazion. Answer: As the inflammation resolves in a hordeolum,
it will sometimes leave a granuloma (small lump).
◉ Blepharitis. Answer: Inflammation of the lid margin.
◉ Diabetic Retinopathy. Answer: Due to poor blood circulation that
occurs with diabetes mellitus, new blood vessel growth often
develops in the retina.
,◉ Esotropia. Answer: A form of strabismus in which one or both
eyes turn inward.
◉ Flashes or floaters. Answer: Caused by mechanical stimulation of
the nerves in the retina.
◉ Glaucoma. Answer: A condition in which the optic nerve is
damaged from increased ocular pressure.
◉ Hordeolum. Answer: Commonly known as a stye, occurs when
pores in the eyelid become blocked and inflamed. This essentially is
a "pimple" in the eyelid.
◉ Keratoconus. Answer: The cornea thins and bulges forward.
◉ Nystagmus. Answer: A vision condition in which the eyes make
repetitive, uncontrolled movements, often resulting in reduced
vision.
◉ Pinguecula. Answer: A thickening of the connective tissue on the
sides of the cornea (3 and 9 o'clock).
,◉ Ptygerium. Answer: A type of abnormal growth of tissue on the
conjunctiva. Different from (other disorder) in its wedge-shape and
ability to invade the cornea.
◉ Retinal detachment. Answer: The retina pulls away from the rest
of the eyeball.
◉ A-, An-. Answer: (without)
◉ Ab-. Answer: (away)
◉ Ad-. Answer: (to, toward)
◉ Aniso-. Answer: (different)
◉ Anti-. Answer: (against)
◉ Bi-, Di-. Answer: (two)
◉ Ex-. Answer: (away from, out of)
◉ Hyper-. Answer: (excessive, above, over)
, ◉ Hypo-, Sub-. Answer: (under, below)
◉ Intra-. Answer: (within)
◉ Para-. Answer: (beside, beyond, around)
◉ Peri-. Answer: (surrounding)
◉ Retro-. Answer: (backward)
◉ -ectomy. Answer: (cutting out, excision)
◉ -ia. Answer: (diseased or abnormal state)
◉ -itis. Answer: (inflammation)
◉ -meter. Answer: (measurer)
◉ -ologist. Answer: (someone who studies or practices)
◉ -ology. Answer: (study of)
PREPARATION PACK KEY EYE CARE
PROCEDURES AND SAMPLE QUESTIONS WITH
EXPLANATIONS
◉ Nasolacrimal Duct. Answer: The drainage system for the tears to
leave the eye.
◉ Amblyopia. Answer: A loss of vision in one or both eyes.
◉ Aphakia. Answer: When a cataract progress to the degree that it
interferes with vision, the crystalline lens can be surgically removed.
Absence of the lens in the eye.
◉ Chalazion. Answer: As the inflammation resolves in a hordeolum,
it will sometimes leave a granuloma (small lump).
◉ Blepharitis. Answer: Inflammation of the lid margin.
◉ Diabetic Retinopathy. Answer: Due to poor blood circulation that
occurs with diabetes mellitus, new blood vessel growth often
develops in the retina.
,◉ Esotropia. Answer: A form of strabismus in which one or both
eyes turn inward.
◉ Flashes or floaters. Answer: Caused by mechanical stimulation of
the nerves in the retina.
◉ Glaucoma. Answer: A condition in which the optic nerve is
damaged from increased ocular pressure.
◉ Hordeolum. Answer: Commonly known as a stye, occurs when
pores in the eyelid become blocked and inflamed. This essentially is
a "pimple" in the eyelid.
◉ Keratoconus. Answer: The cornea thins and bulges forward.
◉ Nystagmus. Answer: A vision condition in which the eyes make
repetitive, uncontrolled movements, often resulting in reduced
vision.
◉ Pinguecula. Answer: A thickening of the connective tissue on the
sides of the cornea (3 and 9 o'clock).
,◉ Ptygerium. Answer: A type of abnormal growth of tissue on the
conjunctiva. Different from (other disorder) in its wedge-shape and
ability to invade the cornea.
◉ Retinal detachment. Answer: The retina pulls away from the rest
of the eyeball.
◉ A-, An-. Answer: (without)
◉ Ab-. Answer: (away)
◉ Ad-. Answer: (to, toward)
◉ Aniso-. Answer: (different)
◉ Anti-. Answer: (against)
◉ Bi-, Di-. Answer: (two)
◉ Ex-. Answer: (away from, out of)
◉ Hyper-. Answer: (excessive, above, over)
, ◉ Hypo-, Sub-. Answer: (under, below)
◉ Intra-. Answer: (within)
◉ Para-. Answer: (beside, beyond, around)
◉ Peri-. Answer: (surrounding)
◉ Retro-. Answer: (backward)
◉ -ectomy. Answer: (cutting out, excision)
◉ -ia. Answer: (diseased or abnormal state)
◉ -itis. Answer: (inflammation)
◉ -meter. Answer: (measurer)
◉ -ologist. Answer: (someone who studies or practices)
◉ -ology. Answer: (study of)
