SKIN INTEGRITY AND WOUND HEALING
ESSENTIALS PAPER 2026 SOLVED QUESTIONS
AND FULL SOLUTION GRADED A+
◉ What determines the use of sterilization and disinfection
methods?
Answer: Nature and number of organisms, type of equipment,
intended use, and available means for sterilization.
◉ Where is surgical asepsis used?
Answer: Operating rooms, labor and delivery areas, certain
diagnostic testing areas, and patient bedside.
◉ What are the principles of sterile technique?
Answer: Sterile objects can become unsterile, fluids flow in the
direction of gravity, and the edges of a sterile field are considered
unsterile.
◉ Can skin be sterilized?
Answer: no, only disinfected
◉ First line of defense against microorganisms
, Answer: intact skin
◉ What is needed for normal body response to wound
Answer: Adequate blood supply
◉ What is the first phase of wound healing?
Answer: Hemostasis, which occurs immediately after injury with
blood vessel constriction and clotting.
◉ What occurs during the inflammatory phase of wound healing?
Answer: White blood cells move to the wound, macrophages ingest
debris, and growth factors attract fibroblasts.
◉ What two WBC move to a wound
Answer: Macrophages and leukocytes
◉ What happens during the proliferation phase of wound healing?
Answer: New tissue is built to fill the wound space, capillaries grow,
and granulation tissue forms.
◉ What is the maturation phase of wound healing?
Answer: The final stage where collagen is remodeled, and scar tissue
develops over weeks to years.
ESSENTIALS PAPER 2026 SOLVED QUESTIONS
AND FULL SOLUTION GRADED A+
◉ What determines the use of sterilization and disinfection
methods?
Answer: Nature and number of organisms, type of equipment,
intended use, and available means for sterilization.
◉ Where is surgical asepsis used?
Answer: Operating rooms, labor and delivery areas, certain
diagnostic testing areas, and patient bedside.
◉ What are the principles of sterile technique?
Answer: Sterile objects can become unsterile, fluids flow in the
direction of gravity, and the edges of a sterile field are considered
unsterile.
◉ Can skin be sterilized?
Answer: no, only disinfected
◉ First line of defense against microorganisms
, Answer: intact skin
◉ What is needed for normal body response to wound
Answer: Adequate blood supply
◉ What is the first phase of wound healing?
Answer: Hemostasis, which occurs immediately after injury with
blood vessel constriction and clotting.
◉ What occurs during the inflammatory phase of wound healing?
Answer: White blood cells move to the wound, macrophages ingest
debris, and growth factors attract fibroblasts.
◉ What two WBC move to a wound
Answer: Macrophages and leukocytes
◉ What happens during the proliferation phase of wound healing?
Answer: New tissue is built to fill the wound space, capillaries grow,
and granulation tissue forms.
◉ What is the maturation phase of wound healing?
Answer: The final stage where collagen is remodeled, and scar tissue
develops over weeks to years.
