2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
◉ Slander.
Answer: the action or crime of making a false spoken statement
damaging to a person's reputation.
◉ Bradenburg Test.
Answer: to determine when inflammatory speech intending to
advocate illegal action can be restricted.
◉ Citizens United v. FEC.
Answer: It was argued in 2009 and decided in 2010. The Court held
that the free speech clause of the First Amendment prohibits the
government from restricting independent expenditures for political
communications by corporations, including nonprofit corporations,
labor unions, and other associations.
◉ Establishment Clause.
Answer: Part of the First Amendment stating that "Congress shall
make no law respecting an establishment of religion."