ANSWERS 2026-2027
1. What does the term "drug" mean, as it is used in this course? - CORRECT ANSWER -
"Any substance that, when taken into the human body, can impair the ability of the person to
operate a vehicle safely."
What are the seven categories of drugs? To which category does alcohol belong? To which cate
gory
does Cocaine belong? - CORRECT ANSWER -
CNS Depressants, CNS Stimulants, Hallucinogens, Dissociative Anesthetics, Narcotic Analgesics,
Inhalants, Cannabis
What does "polydrug use" mean? - CORRECT ANSWER -Ingesting two or more different drugs
What is a Speedball? - CORRECT ANSWER -cocaine and heroin
In the 2013-2014 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers, more than
% of drivers tested positive for at least one illegal drug. - CORRECT ANSWER -22%
State four reasons why it is important not to rely simply on a chemical test to establish a subje
ct's
drug impairment. - CORRECT ANSWER -
Develop articulable facts of impairment, refusal of chemical test, chemical test only show inges
tion (not psychoactive and impairing), expensive to test and require a large sample, rule out m
edical impairment
What categories of drugs were included in the Johns Hopkins Laboratory Study? -
CORRECT ANSWER -CNS Depressant, CNS Stimulant, Cannabis
, In what percentage of cases in the Los Angeles Field Validation Study did blood tests confirm th e
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DREs' opinion PCP was present? - CORRECT ANSWER -92%
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What percentage of blood tests in the LAPD Field Validation Study confirmed the presence of a t l
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east one drug category predicted by the DRE's? - CORRECT ANSWER -92.5%
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What was the landmark State Supreme Court case that upheld the use of HGN as evidence of imp
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airment? - CORRECT ANSWER -Arizona v. Blake X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2
What do we call the traditional standard for admissibility of scientific evidence, set by the U.S. Su
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preme Court? - CORRECT ANSWER -Frye Standard
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Give three important reasons for conducting DEC evaluations in a standardized fashion. -
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CORRECT ANSWER -• Standardization helps to ensure no mistakes are made
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• No steps are omitted X2 X2 X2
• No extraneous or unreliable "indicators" are included
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• Standardization helps to promote professionalism among Drug Recognition Experts (DREs) X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2
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2. What are the twelve components of the drug evaluation process? - CORRECT ANSWER -
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BREATH TEST, INTERVIEW OFFICER, PRELIMINARY INTERVIEW (PULSE), EYE EXAM,
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DIVIDED ATTENTION TEST, VITALS (PULSE 2), DARK ROOM, MUSCLE TONE, INJECTION SI
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TES (PULSE 3), SUSPECT STATEMENTS, OPINION, TOXICOLOGY
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