EXAM 1- NUR 155 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT!!!
Question: What is the definition of critical thinking within clinical practice?
Answer: ✔✔ A deliberate, self-regulated, and purposeful process of higher-level
cognitive reasoning used to analyze information and make sound clinical decisions.
Question: What are two foundational non-structured modalities used to solve
problems in the field?
Answer: ✔✔
1. Trial and Error: Implementing a sequence of different solutions until one
proves effective.
2. Intuition: A rapid, subconscious cognitive response based on an
internalized wealth of clinical experience and pattern recognition.
Question: How are inductive and deductive reasoning clinically differentiated?
Answer: ✔✔
Inductive Reasoning: The process of formulating broad generalizations or
theories by analyzing a specific, gathered set of clinical facts or patient
observations (moving from specific to general).
Deductive Reasoning: The process of reaching specific conclusions or
predictions about a patient case based on established general ideas, premises,
or medical principles (moving from general to specific).
Question: What are the organizing phases of the systematic Nursing Process?
Answer: ✔✔ ADPIE: Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, and
Evaluation.
Question: Where are the different normal breath sounds best auscultated, and what
are their typical characteristics?
Answer: ✔✔ Normal breath sounds are categorized by their specific physiological
locations:
, Bronchial Breath Sounds: Best heard directly over the trachea. They are
loud, harsh, high-pitched sounds where expiration lasts longer than
inspiration.
Bronchovesicular Breath Sounds: Best heard over the central airways—
specifically the mainstem bronchi on either side of the sternum anteriorly,
and between the scapulae posteriorly. They present with a moderate pitch
and equal inspiratory and expiratory phases. (Note: While abnormal if heard
in peripheral areas, these are central sounds rather than base sounds).
Vesicular Breath Sounds: Best heard throughout the peripheral lung fields,
including the lateral sides of the chest panel. They are soft, low-pitched,
rustling sounds dominant during the inspiratory phase.
Question: What traditional medical term is used interchangeably with the
adventitious breath sound known as "crackles"?
Answer: ✔✔ Rales (non-musical, clicking or rattling sounds heard typically
during inspiration
what is another name for gurgling -ANSWER ✔✔rhonchi
when are crackles best heard -ANSWER ✔✔on inspiration
where are crackles best heard -ANSWER ✔✔base of lower lobes
when are gurgles best heard -ANSWER ✔✔on expiration
where are gurgles best heard -ANSWER ✔✔trachea and bronchi
when is a friction rub best heard -ANSWER ✔✔on both inspiration and expiration
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT!!!
Question: What is the definition of critical thinking within clinical practice?
Answer: ✔✔ A deliberate, self-regulated, and purposeful process of higher-level
cognitive reasoning used to analyze information and make sound clinical decisions.
Question: What are two foundational non-structured modalities used to solve
problems in the field?
Answer: ✔✔
1. Trial and Error: Implementing a sequence of different solutions until one
proves effective.
2. Intuition: A rapid, subconscious cognitive response based on an
internalized wealth of clinical experience and pattern recognition.
Question: How are inductive and deductive reasoning clinically differentiated?
Answer: ✔✔
Inductive Reasoning: The process of formulating broad generalizations or
theories by analyzing a specific, gathered set of clinical facts or patient
observations (moving from specific to general).
Deductive Reasoning: The process of reaching specific conclusions or
predictions about a patient case based on established general ideas, premises,
or medical principles (moving from general to specific).
Question: What are the organizing phases of the systematic Nursing Process?
Answer: ✔✔ ADPIE: Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, and
Evaluation.
Question: Where are the different normal breath sounds best auscultated, and what
are their typical characteristics?
Answer: ✔✔ Normal breath sounds are categorized by their specific physiological
locations:
, Bronchial Breath Sounds: Best heard directly over the trachea. They are
loud, harsh, high-pitched sounds where expiration lasts longer than
inspiration.
Bronchovesicular Breath Sounds: Best heard over the central airways—
specifically the mainstem bronchi on either side of the sternum anteriorly,
and between the scapulae posteriorly. They present with a moderate pitch
and equal inspiratory and expiratory phases. (Note: While abnormal if heard
in peripheral areas, these are central sounds rather than base sounds).
Vesicular Breath Sounds: Best heard throughout the peripheral lung fields,
including the lateral sides of the chest panel. They are soft, low-pitched,
rustling sounds dominant during the inspiratory phase.
Question: What traditional medical term is used interchangeably with the
adventitious breath sound known as "crackles"?
Answer: ✔✔ Rales (non-musical, clicking or rattling sounds heard typically
during inspiration
what is another name for gurgling -ANSWER ✔✔rhonchi
when are crackles best heard -ANSWER ✔✔on inspiration
where are crackles best heard -ANSWER ✔✔base of lower lobes
when are gurgles best heard -ANSWER ✔✔on expiration
where are gurgles best heard -ANSWER ✔✔trachea and bronchi
when is a friction rub best heard -ANSWER ✔✔on both inspiration and expiration
