SPUTUM BOWL PULMONARY SAMPLE
ANALYSIS WORKBOOK TEST QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS UPDATED
●● What is an ETC and how does it work?
Answer: Esophageal Tracheal Combitube - a double lumen tube that
allows for ventilation whether it is placed in the trachea or the esophagus
●● How do you determine tube placement with an esophageal detector
device?
Answer: Attach to ETT and squeeze self inflating bulb. If it does not
reinflate or does so slowly, it is in the esophagus
●● According to Egan, what percent of intubated patients aspirate
pharyngeal contents around the cuff of an ETT?
Answer: Up to 70%
●● Name 3 examples of straight laryngoscope blades.
Answer: Miller, Wis-Hipple, Flag
●● By what percent will the resistance change when going from a 6.0
mm ID ETT to a 5.0 mm ID ETT?
,Answer: Resistance will double (if radius decreases by 16%, resistance
doubles)
●● Name any 4 syndromes, named after their discoverers, that can make
intubation difficult.
Answer: Pierre Robin, Treacher Collins, Apert's, Klippel-Feil,
Anderson's, Beckwith's, Binder's, Carpenter's, Chotzen's, Crougan's,
Down's, Christ-Siemens-Touraine, Ellis-vanCreveld, Farber's,
Goldenhar's, Golin-Goltz, Hallervorden-Spatz, Herlitz's, Hurler's,
Larsen's, Leopard, Meckel's, Moebius, Noack's, Patau's, Pompe's, Pyle's,
Silver-Russel, Smith-Lemil-Opitz, Sotos's, Stevens-Johnson, Turner's,
Urbach-Wiethe,
Welander's, Werdnig-Hoffman, Behcet's
●● Laryngeal incompetence and aspiration is observed in what percent
of patients in the immediate post-extubation period?
Answer: 50% (decreases to < 5% after 8 hours, 20% of all extubated
patients require re-intubation)
●● What does EGTA stand for?
Answer: Esophageal gastric tube airway
●● Trends in capnography can estimate physiologic deadspace and
detect esophageal intubation. Name one other use to which capnography
can be helpful.
, Answer: Assess blood flow during cardiac arrest, determine appropriate
PEEP levels
●● Name two brands of ETT fixation devices.
Answer: Olympic Endolok, Mallinckrodt Tracheal Tube Restraint, Dale
Endotracheal Tube Holder, Posey Endo-fix, Respironics Secure Easy
●● According to the "guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and
emergency care" (JAMA), in order to prevent gastric insufflation, the
flow of an oxygen-powered resuscitator should be limited to what flow
rate?
Answer: 40 L/min (60 cmH2O)
●● Who manufactures the Endotrol ETT and the Hi-lo Jet tube?
Answer: Mallinckrodt Critical Care
●● Name two modifications of the esophageal obturator designed for
pre-hospital use.
Answer: Esophagotracheal combitube (ETC), Pharyngotracheal lumen
airway (PTLP)
●● What three mechanisms account for most serious airway
complications when intubation is attempted?
Answer: Esophageal intubation, failure to ventilate, difficult intubation
ANALYSIS WORKBOOK TEST QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS UPDATED
●● What is an ETC and how does it work?
Answer: Esophageal Tracheal Combitube - a double lumen tube that
allows for ventilation whether it is placed in the trachea or the esophagus
●● How do you determine tube placement with an esophageal detector
device?
Answer: Attach to ETT and squeeze self inflating bulb. If it does not
reinflate or does so slowly, it is in the esophagus
●● According to Egan, what percent of intubated patients aspirate
pharyngeal contents around the cuff of an ETT?
Answer: Up to 70%
●● Name 3 examples of straight laryngoscope blades.
Answer: Miller, Wis-Hipple, Flag
●● By what percent will the resistance change when going from a 6.0
mm ID ETT to a 5.0 mm ID ETT?
,Answer: Resistance will double (if radius decreases by 16%, resistance
doubles)
●● Name any 4 syndromes, named after their discoverers, that can make
intubation difficult.
Answer: Pierre Robin, Treacher Collins, Apert's, Klippel-Feil,
Anderson's, Beckwith's, Binder's, Carpenter's, Chotzen's, Crougan's,
Down's, Christ-Siemens-Touraine, Ellis-vanCreveld, Farber's,
Goldenhar's, Golin-Goltz, Hallervorden-Spatz, Herlitz's, Hurler's,
Larsen's, Leopard, Meckel's, Moebius, Noack's, Patau's, Pompe's, Pyle's,
Silver-Russel, Smith-Lemil-Opitz, Sotos's, Stevens-Johnson, Turner's,
Urbach-Wiethe,
Welander's, Werdnig-Hoffman, Behcet's
●● Laryngeal incompetence and aspiration is observed in what percent
of patients in the immediate post-extubation period?
Answer: 50% (decreases to < 5% after 8 hours, 20% of all extubated
patients require re-intubation)
●● What does EGTA stand for?
Answer: Esophageal gastric tube airway
●● Trends in capnography can estimate physiologic deadspace and
detect esophageal intubation. Name one other use to which capnography
can be helpful.
, Answer: Assess blood flow during cardiac arrest, determine appropriate
PEEP levels
●● Name two brands of ETT fixation devices.
Answer: Olympic Endolok, Mallinckrodt Tracheal Tube Restraint, Dale
Endotracheal Tube Holder, Posey Endo-fix, Respironics Secure Easy
●● According to the "guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and
emergency care" (JAMA), in order to prevent gastric insufflation, the
flow of an oxygen-powered resuscitator should be limited to what flow
rate?
Answer: 40 L/min (60 cmH2O)
●● Who manufactures the Endotrol ETT and the Hi-lo Jet tube?
Answer: Mallinckrodt Critical Care
●● Name two modifications of the esophageal obturator designed for
pre-hospital use.
Answer: Esophagotracheal combitube (ETC), Pharyngotracheal lumen
airway (PTLP)
●● What three mechanisms account for most serious airway
complications when intubation is attempted?
Answer: Esophageal intubation, failure to ventilate, difficult intubation
