PSY 357 Final Elliott Cal Poly || Solved Correctly.
cognitive psychology correct answers concerned with consciousness, thoughts, semantic
knowledge, reasoning, and memory
the two Williams correct answers William James: "Principles of Psychology"
Wilhelm Wundt: introspection
problems with introspection correct answers thoughts and processes are unconscious and
immeasurable; self-reports are inaccurate
problems with behaviorism correct answers completely ignores the unconscious mind to focus on
easily observed and controlled behaviors
latent learning (experiment) correct answers Edward Tolman; rats and maze learning experiment
behaviorist prediction: no change in behavior = no learning
results: learning occurred without a change in behavior; rats developed a cognitive map of the
maze before the introduction of food
cerebral hemispheres correct answers the right and left hemispheres; separated by a fissure
frontal lobes correct answers form the front of the brain, behind the forehead; responsible for
planning, movements, and executive functions
central fissure correct answers divides frontal and parietal lobes
parietal lobes correct answers the brain's topmost part; responsible for touch and pressure
lateral fissure correct answers marks the bottom edge of the frontal lobes
,temporal lobes correct answers located below lateral fissure; responsible for memory and
auditory signals
occipital lobes correct answers connected to the parietal and temporal lobes at the very back of
the brain; responsible for visual information
electroencephalogram (EEG) correct answers a recording of voltage changes occurring at the
scalp that reflect activity in the brain underneath; brain's electrical activity
event-related potentials correct answers changes in the brain's electrical activity just before,
during, and after a specific input or stimulus (i.e., the event)
commissures correct answers thick bundles of fibers that carry information back and forth
between the hemispheres; the corpus callosum is the largest one
contralateral control correct answers the left hemisphere controls the right side of the body and
the right hemisphere controls the left side
parallel processing correct answers a system in which many different step and analyses are
happening simultaneously (e.g., the visual system)
serial processing correct answers a system in which steps are carried out one at a time
"what" system correct answers involves information passed from occipital lobes to temporal
lobes; plays a role in the identification of visual objects
"where" system correct answers involves information passed from occipital lobes to the parietal
lobes; guides one's actions based on where an object is located perceptually
, binding problem correct answers the task of reuniting the various elements of a scene, elements
that are initially addressed by different systems in different parts of the brain
conjunction errors correct answers when one's attention is overloaded they are likely to correctly
detect features present in a visual display, but then make mistakes about how the features are
bound together (e.g., blue 'H' and red 'T' displayed, individual reports seeing red 'H' and blue 'T')
bottom-up processing correct answers processes directly shaped by the stimulus; data-driven
top-down processing correct answers processes shaped by one's own knowledge; concept-driven
visual search tasks correct answers tasks in which participants examine a display and judge
whether a particular target is present in the display or not; people are efficient at searching for a
target defined by one feature - much less efficient for targets defined by a combination of
features
features of visual search tasks correct answers pop-out searches = quick and easy
conjunction searches = slow and difficult
feature identification is independent; suggests each feature is processed independently followed
by a step that combines the features
mask correct answers a random jumble of letters or a random pattern of lines or curves;
interrupts any processing of a previously shown stimulus
priming correct answers a process through which one input or cue prepares a person for an
upcoming input or cue
projection areas correct answers regions associated with specific sensory or motor processes;
more important information means more space dedicated in the cortex
cognitive psychology correct answers concerned with consciousness, thoughts, semantic
knowledge, reasoning, and memory
the two Williams correct answers William James: "Principles of Psychology"
Wilhelm Wundt: introspection
problems with introspection correct answers thoughts and processes are unconscious and
immeasurable; self-reports are inaccurate
problems with behaviorism correct answers completely ignores the unconscious mind to focus on
easily observed and controlled behaviors
latent learning (experiment) correct answers Edward Tolman; rats and maze learning experiment
behaviorist prediction: no change in behavior = no learning
results: learning occurred without a change in behavior; rats developed a cognitive map of the
maze before the introduction of food
cerebral hemispheres correct answers the right and left hemispheres; separated by a fissure
frontal lobes correct answers form the front of the brain, behind the forehead; responsible for
planning, movements, and executive functions
central fissure correct answers divides frontal and parietal lobes
parietal lobes correct answers the brain's topmost part; responsible for touch and pressure
lateral fissure correct answers marks the bottom edge of the frontal lobes
,temporal lobes correct answers located below lateral fissure; responsible for memory and
auditory signals
occipital lobes correct answers connected to the parietal and temporal lobes at the very back of
the brain; responsible for visual information
electroencephalogram (EEG) correct answers a recording of voltage changes occurring at the
scalp that reflect activity in the brain underneath; brain's electrical activity
event-related potentials correct answers changes in the brain's electrical activity just before,
during, and after a specific input or stimulus (i.e., the event)
commissures correct answers thick bundles of fibers that carry information back and forth
between the hemispheres; the corpus callosum is the largest one
contralateral control correct answers the left hemisphere controls the right side of the body and
the right hemisphere controls the left side
parallel processing correct answers a system in which many different step and analyses are
happening simultaneously (e.g., the visual system)
serial processing correct answers a system in which steps are carried out one at a time
"what" system correct answers involves information passed from occipital lobes to temporal
lobes; plays a role in the identification of visual objects
"where" system correct answers involves information passed from occipital lobes to the parietal
lobes; guides one's actions based on where an object is located perceptually
, binding problem correct answers the task of reuniting the various elements of a scene, elements
that are initially addressed by different systems in different parts of the brain
conjunction errors correct answers when one's attention is overloaded they are likely to correctly
detect features present in a visual display, but then make mistakes about how the features are
bound together (e.g., blue 'H' and red 'T' displayed, individual reports seeing red 'H' and blue 'T')
bottom-up processing correct answers processes directly shaped by the stimulus; data-driven
top-down processing correct answers processes shaped by one's own knowledge; concept-driven
visual search tasks correct answers tasks in which participants examine a display and judge
whether a particular target is present in the display or not; people are efficient at searching for a
target defined by one feature - much less efficient for targets defined by a combination of
features
features of visual search tasks correct answers pop-out searches = quick and easy
conjunction searches = slow and difficult
feature identification is independent; suggests each feature is processed independently followed
by a step that combines the features
mask correct answers a random jumble of letters or a random pattern of lines or curves;
interrupts any processing of a previously shown stimulus
priming correct answers a process through which one input or cue prepares a person for an
upcoming input or cue
projection areas correct answers regions associated with specific sensory or motor processes;
more important information means more space dedicated in the cortex
