Question 1
The principle that the mind and body exist as separate entities, each with different
characteristics and governed by its own laws, is called:
nativism.
contiguity.
dualism.
associationism.
Question 2
The process by which changes in behavior arise as a result of experience and interaction in
the world is known as:
learning.
sampling.
survival of the fittest.
natural selection.
Question 3
Why was Charles Darwin's view of natural selection controversial?
Nobody believed that traits could be inherited.
It suggested that there was not a major distinction between humans and other species.
Darwin had no data to back up his claims.
Darwin thought only physical traits could evolve, not behavioral traits.
Question 4
According to Aristotle's principle of frequency, the ideas of "chair" and "table" are linked
because people see chairs and tables together:
, at the same time.
in kitchens.
very often.
in the same place.
Question 5
If one is driven to work by a friend each day, one will probably learn the route and be able to
use it later on, even though there is no reward for using it. This is an example of:
classical conditioning.
generalization.
latent learning.
the law of effect.
Question 6
George Miller discovered that the average digit span is:
about 15.
about 7.
more than 20.
exactly 3.
Question 7
In which type of learning do organisms learn to respond in order to obtain or avoid important
consequences?
latent learning
connectionist learning
instrumental (operant) conditioning
classical conditioning
Question 8