Intro to Professional Nursing Final Exam Quiz Questions and Answers

Intro to Professional Nursing Final Exam Quiz Questions and Answers Which of the following best describes trends in nursing education? - Numbers of RNs with diploma educations are increasing. - Numbers of RNs with bachelor's and higher degrees are increasing. - Foreign-born nurses practicing in the United States are seen as less knowledgeable because of their lesser educational preparation. - Numbers of RNs with associate degrees are decreasing. Numbers of RNs with bachelor's and higher degrees are increasing. Despite the variety of work settings available to the RN, data indicate that the primary work site for RNs is - ambulatory care settings. - community health settings. - long-term care facilities. - acute care hospitals. acute care hospitals. Which of the following statements is correct about community health nursing (CHN)? - High-tech care such as ventilators and total parenteral nutrition cannot be handled in the home. - Nursing care is rapidly moving from the home setting to the institutional setting. - Assessment skills are less important in CHN because patients are not acutely ill. - Prevention and community education are the cornerstones of CHN. Prevention and community education are the cornerstones of CHN. The major benefit of serving as a military nurse is - the financial support to seek advanced degrees. - serving as an officer on active duty or in the reserves. - working with entirely baccalaureate-prepared peers on active duty. - broader responsibilities and scope of practice than civilian nurses. the financial support to seek advanced degrees. What has been found about the outcomes of patients cared for in hospitals with a higher percentage of BSN-prepared nurses as compared to patients in hospitals with a lower percentage of BSN-prepared nurses? - Outcomes were better in hospitals with more BSN-prepared nurses. - Outcomes were similar in both types of hospitals. - Patient outcomes are more dependent on nurse-patient ratios. - Medical patients had better outcomes, but surgical patients fared the same Outcomes were better in hospitals with more BSN-prepared nurses. One important advantage of the evolution of nursing informatics is that - informatics nurses will reduce the need for direct caregivers to document care. - it allows any RN to become a certified informatics nurse. - informatics nurses are best able to design systems with the needs and skills of nurses who use them in mind. - benefits of informatics advancements include improved patient safety and increased variability of care. informatics nurses are best able to design systems with the needs and skills of nurses who use them in mind. NPs are advanced practice nurses who - cannot receive direct reimbursement for their services. - are required to have physician collaboration or supervision. - can diagnose and treat common and chronic conditions. - function under a set of universal advanced practitioner laws. can diagnose and treat common and chronic conditions. Hospice and palliative care nursing is a rapidly developing specialty in nursing. Which facts have contributed to this growth? (Select all that apply.) - Hospice and palliative care nurses work in a variety of settings. - Palliative care is a new focus of advanced practice nurses. - Nursing curricula have prepared nurses to deal effectively with dying patients and their families. (Incorrect) - End-of-life care is largely the responsibility of nurses. - End-of-life needs are expected to increase with the aging population. - Hospice and palliative care nurses work in a variety of settings. - End-of-life care is largely the responsibility of nurses. - End-of-life needs are expected to increase with the aging population. Which early nursing leader founded the first training school for nurses that would later become a model for early nursing education? - Clara Barton - Dorothea Dix - Mary Ann Bickerdyke - Florence Nightingale Florence Nightingale To which early nursing leader is attributed the founding of the American Red Cross? - Dorothea Dix - Clara Barton - Florence Nightingale - Lavinia Lloyd Dock Clara Barton What was the most significant impact on the profession of nursing made by Mary Breckenridge in her role as a frontier nurse? - She demonstrated that female nurses could protect themselves in unsettled rural environments. - She demonstrated that nurses could provide care to many clients despite geographic boundaries. - She demonstrated that nurses were capable of teaching new mothers to care for babies. - She demonstrated that nurses could provide primary care in rural settings. She demonstrated that nurses could provide primary care in rural settings. What specialty of nursing was considered well suited for men at a time when other areas were excluding men from practicing? - Obstetric nursing - Pediatric nursing - Nurse educator - Psychiatric nursing Psychiatric nursing When surveyed, which profession was chosen by the general public as highest in honesty and ethics? - Nurse - Pharmacist - Physician - Attorney Nurse What was the most important influence of war on nursing? - It allowed for the development of hospitals. - Improved medical care increased soldiers' survival rates. - Nurses were able to perform medical procedures during war. - It provided for the creation of new technology to make work easier. Nurses were able to perform medical procedures during war. Florence Nightingale is often credited as being the first nurse researcher. This designation is based on - publication of Notes on Nursing, the first scholarly nursing publication. - demonstration that trained nurses provided better nursing care. - her methods of reorganizing British hospitals. - her use of data on the morbidity and mortality of soldiers in hospitals in Scutari. her use of data on the morbidity and mortality of soldiers in hospitals in Scutari. The diversity of the population entering the health care system is a challenge for nurses because - educators are culturally competent leaders for nurses and students. - the portion of minorities in nursing is greater than the portion of minorities in the general population. - ethnic minority nurses do not yet meet the same proportions in the profession as in the general population. - lessons about culture and cultural differences are not part of progressive education programs. ethnic minority nurses do not yet meet the same proportions in the profession as in the general population. Margaret Sanger, as a nurse and activist, worked on the Lower East Side of New York City in the early 1900s with immigrant women. What was the focus of her work? - Health education for children - Safe contraception and family planning for women - Providing nursing care to underserved African-American families - Sanitation to prevent disease transmission Safe contraception and family planning for women Provisions of the Affordable Care Act include (Select all that apply.) - recommended preventative services without out-of-pocket cost to consumers. - children up to age 26 being allowed to stay on parents' insurance. - lifetime limits of catastrophic care insurance will cover. - disallowing denial of coverage for children and teens' preexisting conditions. - the right to appeal coverage decisions. - recommended preventative services without out-of-pocket cost to consumers. - children up to age 26 being allowed to stay on parents' insurance. - disallowing denial of coverage for children and teens' preexisting conditions. - the right to appeal coverage decisions. Which of the following was recognized earliest as a true profession? - Social work - Engineering - Teaching - Ministry Ministry A component that separates occupations from professions is commitment. Which of the following is the best way that nurses can show commitment to each other? - Making a financial donation to a professional organization - Reporting substandard practice by unlicensed personnel - Reading the professional literature - Mentoring nursing students and novice nurses Mentoring nursing students and novice nurses The nursing profession has experienced barriers to professionalism. Which of the following is the primary current barrier to nursing's professionalism? - Too many men in nursing - Unquestioning obedience to doctors - Limitations placed on practice by state legislators - Variability of educational backgrounds of nurses Variability of educational backgrounds of nurses A barrier to professionalism attributed to nursing's roots in altruism is illustrated when a nurse - takes the time to listen to a patient's fears about surgery. - feels guilty for expecting to be paid well for work. - needs to seek approval from charge nurse to give a PRN medication. - questions a medication order written by the physician. feels guilty for expecting to be paid well for work. One of the characteristics of a profession identified by Kelly was "there is an organization (association) that encourages and supports high standards of practice." Which of the following illustrates a concern for nursing meeting this characteristic? - The ANA has existed for more than 100 years. - The purpose of the ANA does not address the economic and general - Nursing specialty organizations have greater power to influence practice than a more general nursing organization. - the membership of the ANA is less than 10% of all nurses. the membership of the ANA is less than 10% of all nurses. Which American university opened the first nursing school as a separate department within the university? - Yale - Teachers College - Columbia - Harvard Yale Which of the following is true about bachelor's of science in nursing (BSN) education? - It is recommended by professional organizations as preparation for entry into practice. - Faculty must be BSN prepared. - It requires 3 years to complete. - Faculty are not given full faculty status in the university. It is recommended by professional organizations as preparation for entry into practice. Which recommendation made by the 1965 American Nurses Association (ANA) position paper and other position papers of national nursing organizations is still an issue today? - Education for nursing should take place in hospital-based programs. - Minimum preparation for technical nursing practice should be the licensed practical/vocation nurse (LPN/LVN) diploma. - Education for nursing must be evidence-based. - Minimum preparation for professional nursing practice should be the BSN degree. Minimum preparation for professional nursing practice should be the BSN degree. Which type of basic nursing education program graduates the largest number of RNs in the United States today? - Associate degree programs - BSN programs - Diploma programs - Nurse practitioner programs Associate degree programs All levels of nursing educational programs can be accredited by which organization? - National League for Nursing Councils of Education Programs (NLNCEP) - American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) - Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE) - Accreditation Commission for Education in Nursing (ACEN) Accreditation Commission for Education in Nursing (ACEN) Florence Nightingale established a school of nursing based on which of the following innovative principles? (Select all that apply.) - The nursing school should be affiliated with a teaching hospital but independent of it. - Professional nurses should be paid for their instruction in the school. - Nurses should be trained in privately funded educational institutions. - The curriculum should include theory and practical experience. - Students should be selected to create a diverse student body. - The nursing school should be affiliated with a teaching hospital but independent of it. - Professional nurses should be paid for their instruction in the school. - The curriculum should include theory and practical experience. Which early nursing theorist recognized therapeutic milieu, assessment skills, and a unique body of knowledge in her definition of nursing? - Hildegard Peplau - Virginia Henderson - Dorothea Orem - Florence Nightingale Florence Nightingale The legal definition of nursing for any particular state can be found in the - state legislature's official newsletter. - governor's official papers. - state's nurse practice act. - state board of nursing's bylaws. state's nurse practice act. Which of the following is an example of formal socialization into the profession of nursing? - Hearing two nurses discussing how to organize patient care more effectively - Starting an intravenous (IV) line in the simulation laboratory under faculty guidance - Unplanned observation of a nurse comforting a child after a painful procedure - Participating in a student nurses' association meeting Starting an intravenous (IV) line in the simulation laboratory under faculty guidance Which of the following is an example of informal socialization into a profession? - Teaching a patient about warfarin (Coumadin) - Nurses discussing a patient care issue in the presence of other nurses - Taking an extra class for an elective - Performing your first physical assessment in a client Nurses discussing a patient care issue in the presence of other nurses A nursing student says to the clinical faculty, "I know I will be able to care for this patient given your directions." In which stage of Cohen's model of professional socialization is this student? - Stage I: Unilateral dependence - Stage II: Negativity/independence - Stage IV: Interdependence - Stage III: Dependence/mutuality Stage I: Unilateral dependence A nursing student asks, "Why do I have to go to clinical in obstetrics when I know I'll never work with women and children?" In which stage of Cohen's model of professional socialization is this student? - Stage I: Unilateral dependence - Stage III: Dependence/mutuality - Stage IV: Interdependence - Stage II: Negativity/independence Stage II: Negativity/independence Benner describes five stages of nursing proficiency as students develop into expert nurses. Which of the following is not a stage of development described by Benner? - Expert practitioner - Inexpert beginner - Competent practitioner - Novice Inexpert beginner A mother asks the nurse if her 5-year-old can visit his twin brother in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) after cardiac surgery. The nurse denies the request because hospital policy states that children younger than 12 years of age are not allowed to visit the PICU. This illustrates which of Benner's stages of nursing proficiency? - Novice - Competent practitioner - Proficient practitioner - Advanced beginner Novice A 5-year-old with a twin brother is admitted to the PICU after cardiac surgery. Hospital policy does not allow individuals younger than 12 years of age to visit the PICU. The nurse recognizes the needs of the patient and his brother and suggests that the mother bring her son to visit his brother briefly in the afternoon when the unit is usually quiet. This illustrates which of Brenner's stages of nursing proficiency? - Advanced beginner - Expert practitioner - Proficient practitioner - Competent practitioner Expert practitioner A nurse observes a new graduate nurse being harassed by co-workers when asking questions or requesting help. What action by the nurse is best? - Ask the nursing manager to intervene on behalf of the new nurse. - Do not intervene, because it will only invite more harassment. - Teach the new nurse to stand up for himself or herself when harassed. - Respectfully confront the staff and explain that this behavior is not part of nursing. Respectfully confront the staff and explain that this behavior is not part of nursing. Which of the following strategies may help to overcome reality shock in the novice nurse? - Moving frequently from job to job - Returning to school immediately after graduation - Becoming emotionally involved with patients - Participating in a preceptorship Participating in a preceptorship Black illustrates concepts of preventing burnout by using the example of a flight attendant instructing persons to "put your own oxygen mask on first." What does this statement mean? - Oxygen is the most important element of life. - Airway is always a priority in patient care. - Ask others for help if you feel overwhelmed by your first position as a nurse. - Taking care of yourself will enable you to be a better nurse. Taking care of yourself will enable you to be a better nurse. Which of the following is not included as an overarching goal of Healthy People 2020? - Attaining longer lives free of preventable diseases and injury - Eliminating health disparities - Lengthening the average lifespan by a decade - Creating environments that promote good health Lengthening the average lifespan by a decade Which of the following is characteristic of public agencies? - They are supported by donations from the public. - They are not involved in the education of health care providers. - They provide health care services at the national, state, and local levels. - Most only provide primary care services. They provide health care services at the national, state, and local levels. Which of the following is not a public agency? - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - American Red Cross - State Board of Nursing - National Institute of Nursing Research American Red Cross A health care agency that uses its profits to better the institution rather than paying stockholders would be classified as a - for-profit agency. - voluntary agency. - not-for-profit agency. - private agency. not-for-profit agency. An agency that treats temporary health dysfunction requiring intervention to prevent complications is providing which level of health care? - Tertiary care - Primary care - Subacute care - Secondary care Secondary care Differences between treatment outcomes for different populations are known as - treatment choices. - health care disparities. - health care outcomes. - population variability. health care disparities. Which of the following is not recognized as part of the role of the nurse as a member of the healthcare team? - Patient advocate and educator - Manager of care and resources for a group of patients - Collaborator and provider of care - Performance of physician functions under direct supervision of a physician Performance of physician functions under direct supervision of a physician Which of the following is a characteristic of the team model of nursing care delivery? - This model increases continuity of care for the patients. - Each member of the team uses his or her abilities to the fullest in patient care. - Communication among the team saves time, so the model is cost-efficient. - Team nursing emphasizes holistic care for the patients and their families. Each member of the team uses his or her abilities to the fullest in patient care. The care delivery model in which a registered nurse provides direct care and also has 24-hour responsibility for updating the patient's plan of care is known as - functional nursing. - team nursing. - primary nursing. - case management. primary nursing. What service is covered by Medicare, part D? - Home health care - Prescription drug costs - Physician office visits - Inpatient hospital stays Prescription drug costs The nurse practice act of a state defines the scope and responsibilities of nursing practice in that state. Which of the following is true regarding nurse practice acts? - They regulate how many professional nursing organizations may be formed. - They describe the process for gaining membership to a professional organization. - They determine the educational requirements for licensure - They define the practice of medicine in relation to nursing. They determine the educational requirements for licensure The most common reason that nurses are disciplined by the state board of nursing is - making medication errors. - following unsafe nursing practice. - abandoning patients. - practicing while impaired. practicing while impaired. What is the primary function of the National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN)? - Administering the NCLEX examination at testing centers - Overseeing decisions made by state boards of nursing - Developing the NCLEX-RN® and NCLEX-PN® licensing examinations - Overseeing granting licensure by endorsement Developing the NCLEX-RN® and NCLEX-PN® licensing examinations Which of the following nursing responsibilities can never be delegated? - Evaluation - Medication administration - Complex tasks - Accountability Accountability The RN delegates changing a sterile dressing over a central line to a licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN). The LPN/LVN contaminated the site during the dressing change, and an infection developed in the patient. Which of the following statements is true? - The hospital cannot be held responsible for the acts of its employees. - The LPN/LVN is guilty of malpractice. - The RN is ultimately responsible for acts he or she delegates. - A malpractice suit cannot be brought as no harm came to the patient. The RN is ultimately responsible for acts he or she delegates. In which of the following situations should the legality of an informed consent be questioned? - Patient who received a preoperative dose of Demerol before giving consent - Patient who is anxious and asks many questions of the physician - Patient who expresses concern about the cost of the procedure - Patient with dementia; consent given by spouse Patient who received a preoperative dose of Demerol before giving consent Which of the following actions is acceptable as an exception to a nurse's obligation regarding confidentiality? - Discussing a patient's care with someone who does not know the patient - Discussing a patient's condition in a public place as long as the patient's name is not mentioned - Reporting certain diseases to public health authority - Leaving printouts of lab reports on the desk in the physicians' lounge as a convenience Reporting certain diseases to public health authority Which patient rights are guaranteed by HIPAA? - Patients are asked to sign a release of responsibility if their health care records inadvertently become a matter of public record. - Patients may receive a complete copy of their medical records at no cost. - Patients sign a release protecting the health care provider and insurance company against computer file theft. - Patients are protected against medical records being indiscriminately shared. Patients are protected against medical records being indiscriminately shared. The Patient Self-Determination Act of 1991, as implemented today, is known as providing - patient bill of rights. - HIPAA protections. - informed consent. - advance directives. advance directives. Which of the following is an important step in preventing legal action against the nurse? - Never make a mistake. - Avoid explaining care procedures to patients. - Deflect blame from yourself as much as possible. - Develop caring, therapeutic relationships with patients. Develop caring, therapeutic relationships with patients. Respecting an elderly woman's decision to stay in her own home is based on a belief in the ethical principle of - Nonmaleficence. - Autonomy. - Justice. - death with dignity. Autonomy. A school nurse teaching school-aged children about water safety is an example of which ethical principle? - Beneficence - Veracity - Autonomy - Justice Beneficence A nurse who advocates for a longer stay when a medically indigent patient is being prematurely discharged to reduce hospital cost is relying on which ethical principle? - Justice - Fidelity - Autonomy - Beneficence Justice A patient who is terminally ill is experiencing great pain. To relieve the patient's suffering, the nurse needs to administer larger doses of morphine. This relieves the pain but also inhibits respiration. Which principle justifies the risk of harm? - Double effect - Fidelity - Veracity - Justice Double effect Taking a pediatric patient to the playroom on a promised time and day is based on the belief in the ethical principle of - Veracity. - Justice. - Fidelity. - autonomy. Fidelity. Answering a terminally ill child's questions about his or her condition honestly is based on a belief in the ethical principle of - Fidelity. - Justice. - Autonomy. - veracity. veracity. Which of the following is the best description of a code of ethics? - A document widely open to interpretation by professionals in various settings - A document that describes the correct course of action and does not change regardless of societal changes - A document that all professions must have even if not representative of practice - A document that permits others to know what principles guide professional decision making A document that permits others to know what principles guide professional decision making Which of the following are activities in the ethical decision making process? (Select all that apply.) - Discuss only acceptable solutions that are practical to implement. - Evaluate the action taken to determine whether it accomplished its purpose. - Avoid looking at legal cases or precedents related to the situation. - Brainstorm with others involved to identify all possible solutions. - Determine if the people who are affected by the dilemma have value conflicts. - Evaluate the action taken to determine whether it accomplished its purpose. - Brainstorm with others involved to identify all possible solutions. - Determine if the people who are affected by the dilemma have value conflicts. What has been found about the outcomes of patients cared for in hospitals with a higher percentage of BSN-prepared nurses as compared to patients in hospitals with a lower percentage of BSN-prepared nurses? - Patient outcomes are more dependent on nurse-patient ratios. - Medical patients had better outcomes, but surgical patients fared the same. - Outcomes were better in hospitals with more BSN-prepared nurses. - Outcomes were similar in both types of hospitals. Outcomes were better in hospitals with more BSN-prepared nurses. Which of the following nursing roles is not considered an advanced practice role? - Certified nurse practitioner (CNP) - Community health nurse - Certified nurse-midwife (CNM) - Clinical nurse specialist (CNS) Community health nurse The clinical nurse leader (CNL) is a recently proposed role. The responsibilities of the person in this role include which of the following? - Provide daily care to a specific subset of patients with similar needs. - Replace the outdated CNS role. - Oversee and manage care delivery in specific settings. - Manage and streamline operations in multiple nursing units. Oversee and manage care delivery in specific settings. The American Nurses Association (ANA) serves as the - source of dissemination of nursing research. - professional organization for all nurses regardless of practice setting or level of practice. - regulatory agency setting the guidelines for the scope of practice. - clearinghouse of standards set by clinical specialty organizations. professional organization for all nurses regardless of practice setting or level of practice. A nurse has applied for a job and during the interview was told that the health care facility is a "closed shop." What does that phrase mean to the nurse? - The nurse must join a union to be employed there. - This facility is closed to all union activities. - The nurse can join the union if desired, but it is not required. - The facility is negotiating with several unions for control of the employees. The nurse must join a union to be employed there. Which of the following is a correct statement about the registered nurse (RN) population? - The majority of employed RNs working full time must work a second position. - The number of men entering nursing has decreased steadily over the last decade. - The rate of aging of RNs has slowed for the first time in the past 30 years. - The racial/ethnic composition of RNs closely resembles that of the general population. The rate of aging of RNs has slowed for the first time in the past 30 years. Under the Affordable Care Act: - Elders will be eliminated from healthcare coverage. - Practice opportunities for nurses have increased. - Care will be provided primarily in hospital settings. - All of the above. Practice opportunities for nurses have increased. Who, among the following nursing groups, currently are in the shortest supply? - Nurse researchers - Advanced practice nurses - Nursing faculty - Nurse extenders Nursing faculty In the long run, the most significant contributor to achieving successful political influence is: - Election to formal office. - Clear communication. - Bullying. - Political party affiliation. Clear communication. The granting agencies for nursing certification (both for RNs and for APRNs are): - Physician practices - Nursing Schools - State Boards of Nursing - Professional Associations Professional Associations What is meant by the term "evidence-based practice"? - Using nursing research findings to develop nursing theory - Applying research findings; patient care data, preferences, and values; and nursing expertise to nursing practice - Studying research from the social sciences and applying it to practice - Integrating the research process into nursing administration - Applying research findings; patient care data, preferences, and values; and nursing expertise to nursing practice To build the body of knowledge of nursing, a problem amenable to study should be - able to ensure participants that the intervention is a "good idea." - an original area of study never researched previously. - able to produce results that are applicable to a variety of situations. - based on published research findings and fit logically with what is already known. - based on published research findings and fit logically with what is already known. Which of the following is not a necessary step in the research process? - Review of the literature - Dissemination of results - Review of best practice guidelines - Design of the study - Review of best practice guidelines Which of the following are the three most common sources of research questions? - Study of clinical problems, anecdotal stories, requests by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) - Review of existing research, NIH grants, request by state board of nursing - Requests by drug companies, doctoral students, review of the literature - Clinical problems, replication of prior research, testing nursing theory - Clinical problems, replication of prior research, testing nursing theory An intensive care unit (ICU) nurse notices that patients seem to have more normal vital signs when they are being visited by their family members, especially when the visitors seem to be more "caring." However, the hospital has strict visiting hours of 10 minutes every other hour. What would be the most appropriate research question to ask at this time? - Do ICU patients have vital signs in the normal range more frequently when they are being visited by family members? - What are the vital signs of ICU patients when visited by caring visitors in comparison with when they are alone? - What is patient and family satisfaction with visitation time? - What is the relationship between length of visitation and vital signs? - Do ICU patients have vital signs in the normal range more frequently when they are being visited by family members? Which research design has the goal of determining a cause-and-effect relationship? - Nonexperimental design - Experimental design - Applied research - Pure research - Experimental design Which research design would be used to determine the relationship between self-concept, physical fitness, and health habits in school-aged children? - Pretest and posttest design - Experimental design - Nonexperimental design - Applied research design - Nonexperimental design Which of the following must be included in the informed consent in research? - Participants need to know the funding source for the research. - Participants relinquish the right to privacy. - Participants must be informed of risks associated with participation. - Once participants agree to participate, they must complete the study. - Participants must be informed of risks associated with participation. What body has been established to protect participants of research? - Institutional review board - Peer review panel - Nursing research board - State board of nursing - Institutional review board Translational research/science will do which of the following? (Select all that apply.) - Use clinical research findings to ask new questions for research in the laboratory - Limit interdisciplinary research because this does not enhance patient care - Result in biomedical research becoming less flexible in response to the needs of society - Discover practical applications for scientific theories and laws. - Take laboratory findings for development for use with patients at the bedside - Use clinical research findings to ask new questions for research in the laboratory - Take laboratory findings for development for use with patients at the bedside