1
Pathophysiology Proctored Final Exam
Gastroesophageal reflux disorder (GERD) is due to multiple factors. Which of the following is
a serious potential complication of GERD?
Cough
Esophageal cancer
Heartburn
Diarrhea
Question
Answer
Hyperemesis gravidarum causes excessive nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. What can
Question
the mother expect to have if hyperemesis gravidarum is left untreated?
Electrolyte imbalances and dehydration
Dehydration and cold extremities
Answer
Electrolyte imbalances and polyuria
Dehydration and diabetes
Hyperglycemia is concerning when complications arise. Which disorder is related to breaking
Question
down fats for energy in patients with type 1 diabetes?
Nonketotic hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome
Hyperglycemic lipid syndrome
Answer
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Lipidosis hyperosmolar ketosis
Question Which of the following symptoms describe complications of compartment syndrome?
Hemorrhage
Pain and tissue damage
Answer
Increased limb function
Chronic kidney disease
A client diagnosed with heart failure reports to the healthcare provider a feeling of dizziness
Question
upon standing. What is the client describing?
A contradiction
A sign
Answer A symptom
Objective data
Question Pyelonephritis is the infection of which of the following areas of the body?
Bladder
Ureter
Answer
Kidney
Urethra
,2
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is a problem with antidiuretic
hormone production. Which of the following electrolyte disorder associated with this
Question condition?
Hyperkalemia
Hypernatremia
Answer
Hypokalemia
Hyponatremia
The client can expect which of the following concerns when infected with the herpes virus
Question
(HSV 1 or HSV 2)?
No pain during an outbreak
A recurrence of symptoms periodically
Answer Immunity after the first exposure
A vaginal birth during an outbreak
The client, diagnosed with cystitis, asks the health care provider why she seems to be
Question
susceptible to recurrent infections. Which of the following is true about cystitis?
Prevalence in men is increased due to sexual practices
Less frequent in women due to a shorter urethra
Answer
There are no symptoms in the client
Most cases are due to Escherichia coli (E. coli)
Question What are the clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism? (select all that apply)
Cold intolerance
Diarrhea
Answer Tachycardia
Constipation
Bradycardia
Question What are the two main conditions responsible for chronic kidney disease?
Upper respiratory infections; asthma
Diabetes; breast cancer
Answer
Hypertension; diabetes
Myasthenia gravis; thrombocytopenia
Question What causes diabetes insipidus?
Insufficient insulin
Insufficient antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Answer
Overproduction of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Overproduction of insulin
What condition leads to an excessive amount of growth hormone (GH) released by the
Question pituitary gland in adulthood after epiphyseal plates of the long bones have fused?
Answer Acromegaly
, 3
Gigantism
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)
Dwarfism
Question What does dialysis do for the client with kidney disease?
Filter out bacteria causing infection
Removes fluid and wastes
Answer
Adds chemicals to help the kidneys
Prepares the client for transplant
Question What is the difference between diabetes mellitus type I and type II?
Type I is over production of insulin; Type II is lack of insulin
Type I is insulin resistance; Type II is due to lack of a pancreas
Answer
Type I is the lack of insulin; Type II is insulin resistance
Type I is insulin resistance; Type II is no pituitary influence
Question What is the main cause of first-time pancreatitis occurrences?
Gallstones
Alcoholism
Answer
Trauma
Hypercalcemia
What type of incontinence is caused by an increase with intraabdominal pressure due to
Question
activities such as coughing or sneezing?
Neurogenic bladder
Stress
Answer
Urge
Overflow
When a client has abnormal functioning of the parathyroid glands this can result in
Question
imbalances of which of the following electrolyte?
Sodium
Water
Answer
Calcium
Potassium
Question Which of the following are inflammatory bowel disorders?
Intussusception and ulcerative colitis
Intussusception and volvulus
Answer
Crohn's disease and volvulus
Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease
Question Which of the following describe hematuria?
Answer Protein in the urine
Blood in the urine
Bacteria in the urine
Pathophysiology Proctored Final Exam
Gastroesophageal reflux disorder (GERD) is due to multiple factors. Which of the following is
a serious potential complication of GERD?
Cough
Esophageal cancer
Heartburn
Diarrhea
Question
Answer
Hyperemesis gravidarum causes excessive nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. What can
Question
the mother expect to have if hyperemesis gravidarum is left untreated?
Electrolyte imbalances and dehydration
Dehydration and cold extremities
Answer
Electrolyte imbalances and polyuria
Dehydration and diabetes
Hyperglycemia is concerning when complications arise. Which disorder is related to breaking
Question
down fats for energy in patients with type 1 diabetes?
Nonketotic hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome
Hyperglycemic lipid syndrome
Answer
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Lipidosis hyperosmolar ketosis
Question Which of the following symptoms describe complications of compartment syndrome?
Hemorrhage
Pain and tissue damage
Answer
Increased limb function
Chronic kidney disease
A client diagnosed with heart failure reports to the healthcare provider a feeling of dizziness
Question
upon standing. What is the client describing?
A contradiction
A sign
Answer A symptom
Objective data
Question Pyelonephritis is the infection of which of the following areas of the body?
Bladder
Ureter
Answer
Kidney
Urethra
,2
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is a problem with antidiuretic
hormone production. Which of the following electrolyte disorder associated with this
Question condition?
Hyperkalemia
Hypernatremia
Answer
Hypokalemia
Hyponatremia
The client can expect which of the following concerns when infected with the herpes virus
Question
(HSV 1 or HSV 2)?
No pain during an outbreak
A recurrence of symptoms periodically
Answer Immunity after the first exposure
A vaginal birth during an outbreak
The client, diagnosed with cystitis, asks the health care provider why she seems to be
Question
susceptible to recurrent infections. Which of the following is true about cystitis?
Prevalence in men is increased due to sexual practices
Less frequent in women due to a shorter urethra
Answer
There are no symptoms in the client
Most cases are due to Escherichia coli (E. coli)
Question What are the clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism? (select all that apply)
Cold intolerance
Diarrhea
Answer Tachycardia
Constipation
Bradycardia
Question What are the two main conditions responsible for chronic kidney disease?
Upper respiratory infections; asthma
Diabetes; breast cancer
Answer
Hypertension; diabetes
Myasthenia gravis; thrombocytopenia
Question What causes diabetes insipidus?
Insufficient insulin
Insufficient antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Answer
Overproduction of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Overproduction of insulin
What condition leads to an excessive amount of growth hormone (GH) released by the
Question pituitary gland in adulthood after epiphyseal plates of the long bones have fused?
Answer Acromegaly
, 3
Gigantism
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)
Dwarfism
Question What does dialysis do for the client with kidney disease?
Filter out bacteria causing infection
Removes fluid and wastes
Answer
Adds chemicals to help the kidneys
Prepares the client for transplant
Question What is the difference between diabetes mellitus type I and type II?
Type I is over production of insulin; Type II is lack of insulin
Type I is insulin resistance; Type II is due to lack of a pancreas
Answer
Type I is the lack of insulin; Type II is insulin resistance
Type I is insulin resistance; Type II is no pituitary influence
Question What is the main cause of first-time pancreatitis occurrences?
Gallstones
Alcoholism
Answer
Trauma
Hypercalcemia
What type of incontinence is caused by an increase with intraabdominal pressure due to
Question
activities such as coughing or sneezing?
Neurogenic bladder
Stress
Answer
Urge
Overflow
When a client has abnormal functioning of the parathyroid glands this can result in
Question
imbalances of which of the following electrolyte?
Sodium
Water
Answer
Calcium
Potassium
Question Which of the following are inflammatory bowel disorders?
Intussusception and ulcerative colitis
Intussusception and volvulus
Answer
Crohn's disease and volvulus
Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease
Question Which of the following describe hematuria?
Answer Protein in the urine
Blood in the urine
Bacteria in the urine
