Pathology Exam 3 Case Studies Questions Updated 2026

Pathology
Exam 3 Case
Studies
Questions
Updated 2026
AB63-year-
oldBmanBpresentsBtoByourBofficeBafterBnoticingBthatBhisBleftBeyelidBisBdroopy.BUponBf
urtherBquestioning,BheBadmitsBtoBsomeBshortnessBofBbreathBoverBtheBpastB2Bmonths
,BbutBheBattributesBthatBtoBhisB40-year-
longBheavyBsmokingBhabit.BPhysicalBexaminationBrevealsBptosisBandBmiosisBofBtheBleft
BeyeBandBextremelyBdryBskinBofBtheBleftBface.BABCXRBdemonstratesBanBirregularBmas
sBinBtheBapexBofBhisBleftBlung.BYouBadmitBtheBpatientBtoBtheBhospitalBforBaBbiopsyB
ofBtheBmass,BbutByouBfearBthatBtheBprognosisBisBnotBgoodB-
BAnswerBBronchogenicBcarcinoma



AB71-year-
oldBmanBpresentsBtoByourBofficeBbecauseBofBwaterBretention.BHeBstatesBthatBheBkee
psBhimselfBwell-
hydrated,BbutBheBdoesBnotBfeelBthatBhisBintakeBmatchesBhisBoutput.BPertinentBpastB
medicalBhistoryBincludesBshortnessBofBbreathBandBweightBlossBofB15BlbBoverBtheBpas
tB3Bmonths.BHeBhasBsmokedBtwoBandBaBhalfBpacksBofBcigarettesBperBdayBforB50Bye
ars.BBesidesBlookingBintoBpossibleBcausesBofBurinaryBobstructionBandBotherBdiagnoses,
ByouBdecideBtoBsendBtheBmanBforBaBCXR,BwhichBrevealsBaBcentralBcoinBlesion.BBase
dBonBtheBpatient'sBhistory,ByouBexpectBtoBseeBsmall,BroundBcellsBwithBscantBcytoplas
mBonBaBbiopsyBofBtheBmass.B-
BAnswerBBRONCHOGENICBCARCINOMA/HornerBsyndrome/Lambert-
EatonBsyndrome/PancoastBtumor/superiorBvenaBcavaBsyndrome



AB22-year-
oldBmanBpresentsBtoBtheBemergencyBdepartmentBcomplainingBofBsevereBchestBpainBa
ndBshortnessBofBbreath.BPhysicalBexaminationBrevealsBaBtall,BthinBmanBwithBdecrease
dBbreathBsounds,BdecreasedBtactileBfremitus,BandBhyperresonanceBtoBpercussionBover

, BtheBrightBchest.BHisBECGBappearsBnormal,BbutBaBsupineBCXRBrevealsBaBdeepBsulcus
BsignBoverBtheBrightBcostophrenicBangleBasBwellBasBtrachealBdeviation.BYouBimmediat
elyBplaceBhimBonBoxygenBandBprepareBhimBforBchestBtubeBplacement.B-
BAnswerBPneumothorax



YouBareBcalledBemergentlyBtoBseeBaBnewbornBbabyBboyBinBtheBnursery.BTheBmother
BreportsBthatBtheBbabyBstartedBchokingBandBcoughingBupBbreastBmilkBuponBherBfirst
BattemptBtoBfeedBhim.BOnBphysicalBexamination,BtheBbabyBisBexcessivelyBsalivatingBa
ndBappearsBslightlyBblueBinBcolor.BYouBorderBlaboratoryBstudies,BexpectingBtoBfindBse
vereBfluidBandBelectrolyteBimbalances,BandByouBorderBaBCXRBtoBlookBforBsignsBofBaB
gastricBairBbubble.BYouBalsoBcallBaBpediatricBsurgicalBconsultBasByouBsuspectBthatBthe
BchildBwillBneedBimmediateBsurgicalBrepairBofBhisBconditionB-
BAnswerB.TracheoesophagealBfistula



AB45-year-oldBmanBwithBaB3-
yearBhistoryBofBgastroesophagealBrefluxBpresentsBtoBaBgastroenterologistBwithBtheBchi
efBcomplaintBofBincreasingBheartburnBandBregurgitationBafterBmeals.BHeBhasBbeenBtak
ingBantacidsBandBprotonBpumpBinhibitorsBdailyBforBtheBlastByearBwithBreasonableBreli
efBofBsymptomsBbeforeBtheBrecentBincreaseBinBheartburnBandBregurgitationBevenBwit
hBantacidBuse.BYou,BasBtheBgastroenterologist,BperformBanBendoscopyBandBfindBorang
e,Bgastric-
typeBepitheliumBextendingBupwardBfromBtheBstomachBintoBtheBdistalBesophagusBinBa
BcircumferentialBfashion.BYouBtakeBaBbiopsyBandBsendBitBtoBtheBlaboratoryBforBhistolo
gicBstudies,BbutByouBfearBthatBthisBmanBisBnowBatBanBincreasedBriskBforBdevelopingB
esophagealBadenocarcinoma.B-BAnswerBBarrettBesophagus



AB55-year-
oldBCaucasianBmanBpresentsBtoByourBgastroenterologyBclinic.BHeBreportsBthatBheBhas
BhadBdifficultyBkeepingBdownBbothBsolidsBandBliquidsBoverBtheBlastBseveralBmonths.B
AfterBobtainingBaBmoreBdetailedBhistory,ByouBfindBthatBtheBpatientBhasBregurgitatedBs
mallBamountsBofBundigestedBfoodBafterBalmostBeveryBmealBforBtheBlastB3Bweeks.BHe
BalsoBcomplainsBofBsubsternalBpainBevenBhoursBafterBeatingBsmallBmeals.BABbariumB
esophagographyBrevealsBaBcharacteristicB"bird-
beak"BatBtheBLES.BTheBpatientBasksBwhatBcanBbeBdoneBtoBstopBtheBpainBandByouBA
nswerBthatBbotulinumBtoxinBcanBbeBinjectedBdirectlyBintoBtheBaffectedBesophagealBsit
eBwithBreliefBthatBcanBlastBforBmonths.B-BAnswerBAchalasia