MN551 – Quiz 5 --Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology
Across the Life Span - Midterm
Structure and function of the kidney
Science-forums.com
A 77 year old female hospital patient has contracted Clostridium
difficile during her stay and is experiencing severe diarrhea. Which of
the following statements best conveys a risk that this woman faces? She is
susceptible to isotonic fluid volume deficit. ---This woman is at risk of isotonic fluid volume
deficit and sodium imbalances as a result of her diarrhea. She is not likely to develop fluid
volume excess or third spacing as consequences of diarrhea.
Which diuretic acts by inhibiting sodium chloride reabsorption in
the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle? (Points : 0.4)
Bumetanide (Bumex)
Mannitol (Osmitrol)
Hydrochlorothiazide (Hydrodiuril) hydrochlorothiazide act on the distal
convoluted tubule and inhibit the sodium-chloride symporter leading to a retention of water in
the urine, as water normally follows penetrating solutes.
Acetazolamide (Diamox)
A 77 year old female with a diagnosis of copd is experiencing
impaired gas exchange and CO2 retention, despite a rapid respiratory
rate. Which of the following phenomena would her care team most
realistically anticipate? Her kidneys will adapt with an increase in plasma
HCO3- and her pH will decrease.
Respiratory acidosis is accompanied by renal adaptation with a more marked increase in
plasma HCO3- and a lesser decrease in pH. Her pH is likely below 7.35, and the likely renal
response involves the reabsorption of HCO3- and secretion of H+. Excess CO2 production is not
a common manifestation of obstructive lung disease.
A 68 year old woman with a new onset a vascular dementia has
recently begun retaining urine. Which of the following physiological
, phenomena would her care providers most realistically expect to be
currently occurring as a result of her urinary retention? Hypertrophy of
the bladder muscle and increased bladder wall thickness.
Early accompaniments to urinary retention include hypertrophy of the
bladder muscle and increased thickness of the bladder wall. Renal effects are
unlikely, and decompensation and loss of contraction power are most often later
rather than early effects.
An 87 year old male resident has been consistenly continent of
urine until the last several weeks. Which of the following action by the
care providers at the facility is the most likely priority? Physical exam
The priority in the treatment of incontinence in the elderly is an acknowledgement that it
is not an inevitability and that the exact causes should and most often can be identified. This
identification by way of history-taking and examination would supersede teaching about
protective devices or exercis
Question 2.2. At which of the following locations in the nephron
would a nurse practitioner first expect blood to be largely free of plasma
proteins? (Points : 0.4)
Proximal convoluted tubule
Bowman space Active filtration occurs when the whole blood
enters via the afferent arteriole in to the glomerular capillaries, and the
blood is then filtered into the Bowman space, removing plasma proteins.
The filtrate that enters the proximal convoluted tubule and the loop of
Henle is already free of plasma proteins
Loop of Henle
Afferent arteriole
Question 3.3. A 14-year-old boy who appears to be intoxicated is
brought to the emergency department by ambulance. The EMTs report
that the boy has denied consuming anything out of the ordinary, but an
open antifreeze container was found in the boy's room. Which of the
following is likely to be used to treat the patient's symptoms? (Points :
0.4)
Across the Life Span - Midterm
Structure and function of the kidney
Science-forums.com
A 77 year old female hospital patient has contracted Clostridium
difficile during her stay and is experiencing severe diarrhea. Which of
the following statements best conveys a risk that this woman faces? She is
susceptible to isotonic fluid volume deficit. ---This woman is at risk of isotonic fluid volume
deficit and sodium imbalances as a result of her diarrhea. She is not likely to develop fluid
volume excess or third spacing as consequences of diarrhea.
Which diuretic acts by inhibiting sodium chloride reabsorption in
the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle? (Points : 0.4)
Bumetanide (Bumex)
Mannitol (Osmitrol)
Hydrochlorothiazide (Hydrodiuril) hydrochlorothiazide act on the distal
convoluted tubule and inhibit the sodium-chloride symporter leading to a retention of water in
the urine, as water normally follows penetrating solutes.
Acetazolamide (Diamox)
A 77 year old female with a diagnosis of copd is experiencing
impaired gas exchange and CO2 retention, despite a rapid respiratory
rate. Which of the following phenomena would her care team most
realistically anticipate? Her kidneys will adapt with an increase in plasma
HCO3- and her pH will decrease.
Respiratory acidosis is accompanied by renal adaptation with a more marked increase in
plasma HCO3- and a lesser decrease in pH. Her pH is likely below 7.35, and the likely renal
response involves the reabsorption of HCO3- and secretion of H+. Excess CO2 production is not
a common manifestation of obstructive lung disease.
A 68 year old woman with a new onset a vascular dementia has
recently begun retaining urine. Which of the following physiological
, phenomena would her care providers most realistically expect to be
currently occurring as a result of her urinary retention? Hypertrophy of
the bladder muscle and increased bladder wall thickness.
Early accompaniments to urinary retention include hypertrophy of the
bladder muscle and increased thickness of the bladder wall. Renal effects are
unlikely, and decompensation and loss of contraction power are most often later
rather than early effects.
An 87 year old male resident has been consistenly continent of
urine until the last several weeks. Which of the following action by the
care providers at the facility is the most likely priority? Physical exam
The priority in the treatment of incontinence in the elderly is an acknowledgement that it
is not an inevitability and that the exact causes should and most often can be identified. This
identification by way of history-taking and examination would supersede teaching about
protective devices or exercis
Question 2.2. At which of the following locations in the nephron
would a nurse practitioner first expect blood to be largely free of plasma
proteins? (Points : 0.4)
Proximal convoluted tubule
Bowman space Active filtration occurs when the whole blood
enters via the afferent arteriole in to the glomerular capillaries, and the
blood is then filtered into the Bowman space, removing plasma proteins.
The filtrate that enters the proximal convoluted tubule and the loop of
Henle is already free of plasma proteins
Loop of Henle
Afferent arteriole
Question 3.3. A 14-year-old boy who appears to be intoxicated is
brought to the emergency department by ambulance. The EMTs report
that the boy has denied consuming anything out of the ordinary, but an
open antifreeze container was found in the boy's room. Which of the
following is likely to be used to treat the patient's symptoms? (Points :
0.4)
