PEDS 602 Pediatric Trauma and Accidental Injury_2020 | PEDS602 Pediatric Trauma and Accidental Injury_NEW VERSION

PEDIATRIC TRAUMA & ACCIDENTAL INJURYACCIDENTSTRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURIES BY DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE • Infants – MVA, birth trauma, prematurity, shaken, Abuse, fall off table/dropped – bed? (3 ft vs 30 ft) • Toddlers – MVA, fall(window), Abuse, ingestions, drowning • School Age – MVA, moving (bike, pedes), hit with ball/game • Adolescents – MVA, drugs, firearms, blunt or penetrating trauma *includes scalp, skull or brain injuryCONTUSIONS VS CONCUSSIONS • Concussion – Severe blow to the head jostling the brain, causing it to strike the skull – stretch or shear nerve fibers as brain moves within skull (7-10 days recovery) • Contusion- More severe blow to the head that bruises the brain and disrupts neural function– localized and macroscopic (can see “bruise” on CT)-pain that lasts longer than the symptoms of a typical bruise would, tenderness, swelling, trouble bending or using the affected area.OBSERVATION • Report immediately! Observe for any changes in level of consciousness - awaken during night Difficulty in awakening, lethargy, dizziness, confusion, irritability, and anxiety Difficulty in speaking or moving Severe headache VomitingSKULL FRACTURES • Break in the skull that occurs with or without cranial trauma – can be open or closed- - - - -- - -