Samenvatting
Medische Kennis
TOETS 2 JAAR 2 SEMESTER 2
Hanzehogeschool Groningen
Vak: medische kennis
Jaar 2 semester 2 2021
Hoorcolleges, werkcolleges en samenvatting leerstof
,Inhoud
Hoorcolleges..............................................................................................................................................................8
Hoorcollege 1: ouderen.........................................................................................................................................8
Hoorcollege 2: anemie en bloedstolling.............................................................................................................11
Hoorcollege 3: ouderen, dementie, delier en depressie....................................................................................13
Hoorcollege 4: circulatie......................................................................................................................................16
Hoorcollege 5: buikklachten................................................................................................................................19
Hoorcollege 6: lever en leverfalen......................................................................................................................22
Hoorcollege 7: voeding bij kanker, operaties en nierinsufficientie....................................................................24
Hoorcollege 8: voeding bij diabetes en voedselovergevoeligheid......................................................................27
Werkcolleges...........................................................................................................................................................29
Werkcollege medische kennis 1: ouderen..........................................................................................................29
Werkcollege medische kennis 2: bloed...............................................................................................................32
Werkcollege 3: ouderen, depressie en delier.....................................................................................................34
Werkcollege 4: bloedsomloop, shock en hartfalen.............................................................................................36
Werkcollege week 5: overgewicht en obesitas...................................................................................................37
Werkcollege 6: lever en leverfalen.....................................................................................................................39
Werkcollege 7: voeding in bijzondere situaties..................................................................................................40
Medische kennis leerjaar 2 toets 2 stof week 1......................................................................................................43
Anatomie en fysiologie 18.4: sterven en dood...................................................................................................43
Sterven:...........................................................................................................................................................43
De overledene:................................................................................................................................................44
Klinische pathologie 15.3: osteoporose..............................................................................................................44
oorzaken..........................................................................................................................................................44
Verschijnselen.................................................................................................................................................44
Onderzoek.......................................................................................................................................................45
Behandeling.....................................................................................................................................................45
15.4: Enkele reumatische afwijkingen................................................................................................................46
15.4.1: reumatiode artritis..............................................................................................................................46
15.4.2: artrose/atrosis deformans..................................................................................................................47
15.4.3: jicht......................................................................................................................................................48
15.4.4: ziekte van bechterew (spondylitis ankylopoetica)..............................................................................49
Farmacologie hoofdstuk 3: bijwerkingen, interacties en farmacokinetiek............................................................49
3.1: FARMACOKINETIEK: WAT HET LICHAAM MET MEDICIJNEN DOET..............................................................49
Adsorptie.........................................................................................................................................................50
3.1.2: distributie..............................................................................................................................................50
, 3.1.3: metabolisme..........................................................................................................................................50
3.1.4: eliminatie...............................................................................................................................................51
3.2: hoe geneesmiddelen bijwerkingen kunnen veroorzaken............................................................................52
3.2.3: toxische geneesmiddelen......................................................................................................................52
3.3: geneesmiddeleninteracties..........................................................................................................................53
3.3.1: interacties met cytochroom p450-enzymen in de lever.......................................................................53
3.3.2: andere mechanismen van geneesmiddeleninteracties........................................................................53
3.4: factoren die de juiste dosering van geneesmiddelen bepalen....................................................................54
3.5: geneesmiddelen en bijzondere groepen patiënten.....................................................................................55
3.5.1: geneesmiddelen en de oudere patiënt.................................................................................................55
Medische kennis samenvatting semester 2 jaar 2 stof week 2..............................................................................55
6.6.2: hemopoese................................................................................................................................................55
6.6.3: hemostase.................................................................................................................................................56
Lokale vasoconstricite.....................................................................................................................................56
Propvorming....................................................................................................................................................56
Coagulatie........................................................................................................................................................56
Weefselherstel................................................................................................................................................57
Klinische pathologie................................................................................................................................................57
9.3: anemie/bloedarmoede................................................................................................................................57
oorzaken:.........................................................................................................................................................57
Verschijnselen.................................................................................................................................................58
Onderzoek.......................................................................................................................................................58
Behandeling.....................................................................................................................................................59
9.5: diep veneuze trombose................................................................................................................................59
Oorzaken.........................................................................................................................................................60
Verschijnselen.................................................................................................................................................60
Onderzoek.......................................................................................................................................................60
Preventie.........................................................................................................................................................61
Behandeling.....................................................................................................................................................61
9.6: verhoogde bloedingsneiging........................................................................................................................61
Oorzaken.........................................................................................................................................................61
Verschijnselen.................................................................................................................................................63
Onderzoek.......................................................................................................................................................63
Behandeling.....................................................................................................................................................64
Farmacologie...........................................................................................................................................................65
4.3.3: anticoagulantica........................................................................................................................................65
Deel 1 van het stollingsproces: de activering van bloedplaatjes....................................................................65
, deel 2 van het stollingsproces: de omzetting van fibrinogeen in fibrine........................................................65
4.3.4: geneesmiddelen die gebruikt worden om stolling te voorkomen............................................................66
Antistollingsgeneesmiddelen 1: trombocytenaggregratieremmers...............................................................66
antistollingsgeneesmiddelen 2: geneesmiddelen die ingrijpen op de stollingscascade................................67
Antistollingsmiddelen 3: fibrinolytische middelen.........................................................................................68
Anatomie en fysiologie van de mens hoofdstuk 12................................................................................................68
12.5.3: functies grote hersenen..........................................................................................................................68
Motoriek..........................................................................................................................................................68
Sensoriek.........................................................................................................................................................69
Emoties............................................................................................................................................................70
Geheugen........................................................................................................................................................70
EEG..................................................................................................................................................................71
Klinische pathologie h10 en h11.............................................................................................................................71
10.8: dementie (neurocognitieve stoornis)........................................................................................................71
Oorzaken.........................................................................................................................................................72
Verschijnselen.................................................................................................................................................72
Onderzoek.......................................................................................................................................................73
Behandeling.....................................................................................................................................................73
11.1: delier...........................................................................................................................................................73
Oorzaken.........................................................................................................................................................74
Verschijnselen.................................................................................................................................................74
Onderzoek.......................................................................................................................................................74
Behandeling.....................................................................................................................................................74
Farmacologie hoofdstuk 11 geneesmiddelen behandeling psychiatrische stoornissen........................................75
11.3.1: Psychofarmaca: anxiolytica.....................................................................................................................75
11.3.2: psychofarmaca: hypnotica......................................................................................................................75
11.3.3: psychofarmaca: antidepressiva...............................................................................................................75
Sint janskruid...................................................................................................................................................77
Bijwerkingen antidepressiva...........................................................................................................................77
11.3.4: psychofarmaca: antipsychotica...............................................................................................................77
Bijwerkingen antipsychotica...........................................................................................................................78
11.4.3: geneesmiddelen om de ziekte van Alzheimer onder controle te houden.............................................78
Psychiatrie hoofdstuk 10: neurocognitieve stoornissen.........................................................................................78
10.1: delier...........................................................................................................................................................78
10.1.1: beschrijving.........................................................................................................................................78
10.1.2: epidemiologie delier...........................................................................................................................79
10.1.3: risicofactoren......................................................................................................................................79
Medische Kennis
TOETS 2 JAAR 2 SEMESTER 2
Hanzehogeschool Groningen
Vak: medische kennis
Jaar 2 semester 2 2021
Hoorcolleges, werkcolleges en samenvatting leerstof
,Inhoud
Hoorcolleges..............................................................................................................................................................8
Hoorcollege 1: ouderen.........................................................................................................................................8
Hoorcollege 2: anemie en bloedstolling.............................................................................................................11
Hoorcollege 3: ouderen, dementie, delier en depressie....................................................................................13
Hoorcollege 4: circulatie......................................................................................................................................16
Hoorcollege 5: buikklachten................................................................................................................................19
Hoorcollege 6: lever en leverfalen......................................................................................................................22
Hoorcollege 7: voeding bij kanker, operaties en nierinsufficientie....................................................................24
Hoorcollege 8: voeding bij diabetes en voedselovergevoeligheid......................................................................27
Werkcolleges...........................................................................................................................................................29
Werkcollege medische kennis 1: ouderen..........................................................................................................29
Werkcollege medische kennis 2: bloed...............................................................................................................32
Werkcollege 3: ouderen, depressie en delier.....................................................................................................34
Werkcollege 4: bloedsomloop, shock en hartfalen.............................................................................................36
Werkcollege week 5: overgewicht en obesitas...................................................................................................37
Werkcollege 6: lever en leverfalen.....................................................................................................................39
Werkcollege 7: voeding in bijzondere situaties..................................................................................................40
Medische kennis leerjaar 2 toets 2 stof week 1......................................................................................................43
Anatomie en fysiologie 18.4: sterven en dood...................................................................................................43
Sterven:...........................................................................................................................................................43
De overledene:................................................................................................................................................44
Klinische pathologie 15.3: osteoporose..............................................................................................................44
oorzaken..........................................................................................................................................................44
Verschijnselen.................................................................................................................................................44
Onderzoek.......................................................................................................................................................45
Behandeling.....................................................................................................................................................45
15.4: Enkele reumatische afwijkingen................................................................................................................46
15.4.1: reumatiode artritis..............................................................................................................................46
15.4.2: artrose/atrosis deformans..................................................................................................................47
15.4.3: jicht......................................................................................................................................................48
15.4.4: ziekte van bechterew (spondylitis ankylopoetica)..............................................................................49
Farmacologie hoofdstuk 3: bijwerkingen, interacties en farmacokinetiek............................................................49
3.1: FARMACOKINETIEK: WAT HET LICHAAM MET MEDICIJNEN DOET..............................................................49
Adsorptie.........................................................................................................................................................50
3.1.2: distributie..............................................................................................................................................50
, 3.1.3: metabolisme..........................................................................................................................................50
3.1.4: eliminatie...............................................................................................................................................51
3.2: hoe geneesmiddelen bijwerkingen kunnen veroorzaken............................................................................52
3.2.3: toxische geneesmiddelen......................................................................................................................52
3.3: geneesmiddeleninteracties..........................................................................................................................53
3.3.1: interacties met cytochroom p450-enzymen in de lever.......................................................................53
3.3.2: andere mechanismen van geneesmiddeleninteracties........................................................................53
3.4: factoren die de juiste dosering van geneesmiddelen bepalen....................................................................54
3.5: geneesmiddelen en bijzondere groepen patiënten.....................................................................................55
3.5.1: geneesmiddelen en de oudere patiënt.................................................................................................55
Medische kennis samenvatting semester 2 jaar 2 stof week 2..............................................................................55
6.6.2: hemopoese................................................................................................................................................55
6.6.3: hemostase.................................................................................................................................................56
Lokale vasoconstricite.....................................................................................................................................56
Propvorming....................................................................................................................................................56
Coagulatie........................................................................................................................................................56
Weefselherstel................................................................................................................................................57
Klinische pathologie................................................................................................................................................57
9.3: anemie/bloedarmoede................................................................................................................................57
oorzaken:.........................................................................................................................................................57
Verschijnselen.................................................................................................................................................58
Onderzoek.......................................................................................................................................................58
Behandeling.....................................................................................................................................................59
9.5: diep veneuze trombose................................................................................................................................59
Oorzaken.........................................................................................................................................................60
Verschijnselen.................................................................................................................................................60
Onderzoek.......................................................................................................................................................60
Preventie.........................................................................................................................................................61
Behandeling.....................................................................................................................................................61
9.6: verhoogde bloedingsneiging........................................................................................................................61
Oorzaken.........................................................................................................................................................61
Verschijnselen.................................................................................................................................................63
Onderzoek.......................................................................................................................................................63
Behandeling.....................................................................................................................................................64
Farmacologie...........................................................................................................................................................65
4.3.3: anticoagulantica........................................................................................................................................65
Deel 1 van het stollingsproces: de activering van bloedplaatjes....................................................................65
, deel 2 van het stollingsproces: de omzetting van fibrinogeen in fibrine........................................................65
4.3.4: geneesmiddelen die gebruikt worden om stolling te voorkomen............................................................66
Antistollingsgeneesmiddelen 1: trombocytenaggregratieremmers...............................................................66
antistollingsgeneesmiddelen 2: geneesmiddelen die ingrijpen op de stollingscascade................................67
Antistollingsmiddelen 3: fibrinolytische middelen.........................................................................................68
Anatomie en fysiologie van de mens hoofdstuk 12................................................................................................68
12.5.3: functies grote hersenen..........................................................................................................................68
Motoriek..........................................................................................................................................................68
Sensoriek.........................................................................................................................................................69
Emoties............................................................................................................................................................70
Geheugen........................................................................................................................................................70
EEG..................................................................................................................................................................71
Klinische pathologie h10 en h11.............................................................................................................................71
10.8: dementie (neurocognitieve stoornis)........................................................................................................71
Oorzaken.........................................................................................................................................................72
Verschijnselen.................................................................................................................................................72
Onderzoek.......................................................................................................................................................73
Behandeling.....................................................................................................................................................73
11.1: delier...........................................................................................................................................................73
Oorzaken.........................................................................................................................................................74
Verschijnselen.................................................................................................................................................74
Onderzoek.......................................................................................................................................................74
Behandeling.....................................................................................................................................................74
Farmacologie hoofdstuk 11 geneesmiddelen behandeling psychiatrische stoornissen........................................75
11.3.1: Psychofarmaca: anxiolytica.....................................................................................................................75
11.3.2: psychofarmaca: hypnotica......................................................................................................................75
11.3.3: psychofarmaca: antidepressiva...............................................................................................................75
Sint janskruid...................................................................................................................................................77
Bijwerkingen antidepressiva...........................................................................................................................77
11.3.4: psychofarmaca: antipsychotica...............................................................................................................77
Bijwerkingen antipsychotica...........................................................................................................................78
11.4.3: geneesmiddelen om de ziekte van Alzheimer onder controle te houden.............................................78
Psychiatrie hoofdstuk 10: neurocognitieve stoornissen.........................................................................................78
10.1: delier...........................................................................................................................................................78
10.1.1: beschrijving.........................................................................................................................................78
10.1.2: epidemiologie delier...........................................................................................................................79
10.1.3: risicofactoren......................................................................................................................................79
