McCance PATHOPHYSIOLOGY TEST BANK Complete Questions and Awnsers 50TOPICS 50 Elaborated Questions for Every Topic 8 ED.

McCance PATHOPHYSIOLOGY TEST BANK Complete Questions and Awnsers 50TOPICS 50 Elaborated Questions for Every Topic1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption? a. Cells can produce proteins. c. Cells can take in and use nutrients. b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes. d. Cells can synthesize fats. ANS: C In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their surroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descriptions of cellular metabolic absorption. PTS: 1 REF: Page 2 2. Most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, is contained in the: a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus b. Ribosome d. Lysosome ANS: C The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA, most of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its activity. The other options do not contain most of a cell’s genetic information. PTS: 1 REF: Page 2 3. Which icomponent iof ithe icell iprodNuUceRsSIhNyGdTroBg.CenOMperoxide i(H2O2) iby iusing ioxygen ito iremove ihydrogen iatoms ifrom ispecific isubstrates iin ian ioxidative ireaction? a. Lysosomes c. Ribosomes b. Peroxisomes d. iOxyhydrosomes12. Which imode iof ichemical isignaling iuses iblood ito itransport icommunication ito icells isome idistance iaway? a. Paracrine c. Neurotransmitter b. Autocrine d. iHormonal ANS: iD Chemical isignaling ican ibe iclassified iinto ithree icategories: i(1) ilocal-chemical imediator, i(2) ihormone, iand i(3) ineurotransmitter. iIn ithe ilocal-chemical imediator imodel, ithe isecreted ichemical iacts ion ithe icells iin ithe iimmediate ienvironment. iHormones iare iused ifor icommunication iwith idistant itargetNcUeRllSsI.NFGoTrBe.xCaOmMple, icells ican isecrete ia ichemical iand irely ion ithe iblood isystem ito ideliver ithe isignal ito ia idistant icell. iFinally, ineurotransmitters iare isecreted iby ineurons ito istimulate ian iadjoining icell. iFor iexample, ia ineuron imight isecrete iacetylcholine ito istimulate ithe imovement iof ia imuscle icell. PTS: i i i1 REF: iPage i20 13. Which imode iof ichemical isignaling iuses ilocal ichemical imediators ithat iare iquickly itaken iup, idestroyed, ior iimmobilized? a. Paracrine c. Neurotransmitter b. Autocrine d. iHormone ANS: iA In iparacrine isignaling, icells isecrete ilocal ichemical imediators ithat iare iquickly itaken iup, idestroyed, ior iimmobilized. iThe iother ioptions ido inot icorrectly idescribe ithis iprocess. PTS: i i i1 REF: iPage i20 14. Neurotransmitters iaffect ithe ipostsynaptic imembrane iby ibinding ito: a. Lipids c. Amphipathic ilipids b. Ribosomes d. iReceptors ANS: iD In ieach itype iof ichemical isignaling, ithe itarget icell ireceives ithe isignal iby ifirst iattaching ito iits ireceptors. iThe iother ioptions ido inot icorrectly idescribe ithis iprocess. PTS: i i i1 REF: iPage i17 15. How ido icells ireceive icommunication ifrom ithe iextracellular ifluid isurrounding ithem? a. Protein ichannel i(gap ijunction) b. Plasma imembrane–bound isignaling imolecules i(involving ireceptors) c. Hormone isecretion isuch ias ineurotransmitters d. Chemical imessengers isuch ias iligands ANS: iD Cellular icommunication ican ioccur iby ithe ibinding iof ia ichemical imassager i(a iligand) ito ia ispecific imembrane ireceptor ithat iis iclosely iassociated iwith ithe ichannel i(e.g., iG iproteins). iThe iother ioptions ido inot icorrectly idescribe ihow icells icommunicate.