NUR 2488 MENTAL HEALTH NURSING FINAL EXAM KEY CONCEPTS
PART 2
NUR 2488 Mental Health Nursing
Final Exam
Key Concepts
Introduction in Psychiatric Nursing
Basic Brain Anatomy- what do the different part of brain control?
Hypothalamus? Neurons/ synapse- pg. 51
Hypothalamus: Regulates temperature, blood pressure, perspiration,
libido, hunger, thirst, and circadian rhythms, such as sleep and
wakefulness. Hypothalamic neurohormones, often called releasing
hormones, direct the secretion of hormones from the anterior pituitary
gland.
Neurons: The brain is composed of a vast network of more than 100
billion interconnected nerve cells (neurons) and the supporting cells that
surround these neurons. An essential feature of neurons is their ability to
initiate signals and conduct an electrical impulse from one end of the
cell to the other called neurotransmission.
Synapse: This transmitter then diffuses across a narrow space, or
synapse, to an adjacent postsynaptic neuron, where it attaches to
specialized receptors on the cell surface and either inhibits or excites the
postsynaptic neuron.
Understand milieu therapy- can you describe it in a clinical setting?
Milieu therapy: group therapy with similar illnesses involved. Promotes
productive activity, self-respect, and individual responsibility. Uses total
environment to treat. Enforces boundaries. Inpatient rehab.
Describe the difference between mental health and mental illness
Mental Health: A successful performance of mental functions, resulting
in the ability to engage in productive activities, enjoy fulfilling
relationships, and adapt to change and cope with adversity.
,NUR 2488 MENTAL HEALTH NURSING FINAL EXAM KEY CONCEPTS
PART 2
NUR 2488 Mental Health Nursing
Final Exam
Key Concepts
Mental Illness: Are medical conditions that affect a person’s thinking,
feeling, mood, ability to relate to others, and daily functioning.
Basically, mental illness can be seen as the result of a chain of events
that include flawed biological, psychological, social, and cultural
processes.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs (pg 31)
•Physiological needs. The most basic needs are the physiological drives,
including the need for food, oxygen, water, sleep, sex, and a constant
,NUR 2488 MENTAL HEALTH NURSING FINAL EXAM KEY CONCEPTS
PART 2
NUR 2488 Mental Health Nursing
Final Exam
Key Concepts
body temperature. If all the needs were deprived, this level would take
priority.
•Safety needs. Once physiological needs are met, the safety needs
emerge. They include security, protection, freedom from
fear/anxiety/chaos, and the need for law, order, and limits.
•Belongingness and love needs. People have a need for an intimate
relationship, love, affection, and belonging and will seek to overcome
feelings of loneliness and alienation. Maslow stresses the importance of
having a family and a home and being part of identifiable groups.
•Esteem needs. People need to have a high self-regard and have it
reflected to them from others. If self-esteem needs are met, we feel
confident, valued, and valuable. When self-esteem is compromised, we
feel inferior, worthless, and helpless.
•Self-actualization. We are preset to strive to be everything that we are
capable of becoming. Maslow said, “What a man can be, he must be.”
What we are capable of becoming is highly individual—an artist must
paint, a writer must write, and a healer must heal. The drive to satisfy
this need is felt as a sort of restlessness, a sense that something is
missing. It is up to each person to choose a path that will result in inner
peace and fulfillment.
Peplau’s Theory of Interpersonal Relations
Peplau’s Theory of Interpersonal Relations: emphasized that the
nature of the nurse to patient relationship strongly influenced the
outcome for the patient.
Freud- what did he contribute to psychiatric setting?
Sigmund Freud (1856 to 1939), an Austrian neurologist, is considered
the “father of psychiatry.” His work was based on psychoanalytic
theory, in which Freud claims that most psychological disturbances are
, NUR 2488 MENTAL HEALTH NURSING FINAL EXAM KEY CONCEPTS
PART 2
NUR 2488 Mental Health Nursing
Final Exam
Key Concepts
the result of early trauma or incidents that are often not remembered or
recognized. Freud (1961) identified three layers of mental activity: the
conscious, the preconscious, and the unconscious mind. One of Freud's
later and widely known constructs concerns the intrapsychic struggle
that occurs within the brain among the id, the ego, and the superego.
Review table 3-2 (pg 28)
TABLE 3-2 DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITY ACCORDING
TO FREUD, SULLIVAN, AND ERIKSON∗
FREUD SULLIVAN ERIKSON
Oral—birth to 1½ years Infancy—birth to 1½ Infancy—birth to 1½
years years
Pleasure-pain principle
Mothering object Trust vs. mistrust
Id, the instinctive and relieves tension through
primitive mind, is empathic intervention Egocentric
dominant and tenderness, leading
Danger—during
PART 2
NUR 2488 Mental Health Nursing
Final Exam
Key Concepts
Introduction in Psychiatric Nursing
Basic Brain Anatomy- what do the different part of brain control?
Hypothalamus? Neurons/ synapse- pg. 51
Hypothalamus: Regulates temperature, blood pressure, perspiration,
libido, hunger, thirst, and circadian rhythms, such as sleep and
wakefulness. Hypothalamic neurohormones, often called releasing
hormones, direct the secretion of hormones from the anterior pituitary
gland.
Neurons: The brain is composed of a vast network of more than 100
billion interconnected nerve cells (neurons) and the supporting cells that
surround these neurons. An essential feature of neurons is their ability to
initiate signals and conduct an electrical impulse from one end of the
cell to the other called neurotransmission.
Synapse: This transmitter then diffuses across a narrow space, or
synapse, to an adjacent postsynaptic neuron, where it attaches to
specialized receptors on the cell surface and either inhibits or excites the
postsynaptic neuron.
Understand milieu therapy- can you describe it in a clinical setting?
Milieu therapy: group therapy with similar illnesses involved. Promotes
productive activity, self-respect, and individual responsibility. Uses total
environment to treat. Enforces boundaries. Inpatient rehab.
Describe the difference between mental health and mental illness
Mental Health: A successful performance of mental functions, resulting
in the ability to engage in productive activities, enjoy fulfilling
relationships, and adapt to change and cope with adversity.
,NUR 2488 MENTAL HEALTH NURSING FINAL EXAM KEY CONCEPTS
PART 2
NUR 2488 Mental Health Nursing
Final Exam
Key Concepts
Mental Illness: Are medical conditions that affect a person’s thinking,
feeling, mood, ability to relate to others, and daily functioning.
Basically, mental illness can be seen as the result of a chain of events
that include flawed biological, psychological, social, and cultural
processes.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs (pg 31)
•Physiological needs. The most basic needs are the physiological drives,
including the need for food, oxygen, water, sleep, sex, and a constant
,NUR 2488 MENTAL HEALTH NURSING FINAL EXAM KEY CONCEPTS
PART 2
NUR 2488 Mental Health Nursing
Final Exam
Key Concepts
body temperature. If all the needs were deprived, this level would take
priority.
•Safety needs. Once physiological needs are met, the safety needs
emerge. They include security, protection, freedom from
fear/anxiety/chaos, and the need for law, order, and limits.
•Belongingness and love needs. People have a need for an intimate
relationship, love, affection, and belonging and will seek to overcome
feelings of loneliness and alienation. Maslow stresses the importance of
having a family and a home and being part of identifiable groups.
•Esteem needs. People need to have a high self-regard and have it
reflected to them from others. If self-esteem needs are met, we feel
confident, valued, and valuable. When self-esteem is compromised, we
feel inferior, worthless, and helpless.
•Self-actualization. We are preset to strive to be everything that we are
capable of becoming. Maslow said, “What a man can be, he must be.”
What we are capable of becoming is highly individual—an artist must
paint, a writer must write, and a healer must heal. The drive to satisfy
this need is felt as a sort of restlessness, a sense that something is
missing. It is up to each person to choose a path that will result in inner
peace and fulfillment.
Peplau’s Theory of Interpersonal Relations
Peplau’s Theory of Interpersonal Relations: emphasized that the
nature of the nurse to patient relationship strongly influenced the
outcome for the patient.
Freud- what did he contribute to psychiatric setting?
Sigmund Freud (1856 to 1939), an Austrian neurologist, is considered
the “father of psychiatry.” His work was based on psychoanalytic
theory, in which Freud claims that most psychological disturbances are
, NUR 2488 MENTAL HEALTH NURSING FINAL EXAM KEY CONCEPTS
PART 2
NUR 2488 Mental Health Nursing
Final Exam
Key Concepts
the result of early trauma or incidents that are often not remembered or
recognized. Freud (1961) identified three layers of mental activity: the
conscious, the preconscious, and the unconscious mind. One of Freud's
later and widely known constructs concerns the intrapsychic struggle
that occurs within the brain among the id, the ego, and the superego.
Review table 3-2 (pg 28)
TABLE 3-2 DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITY ACCORDING
TO FREUD, SULLIVAN, AND ERIKSON∗
FREUD SULLIVAN ERIKSON
Oral—birth to 1½ years Infancy—birth to 1½ Infancy—birth to 1½
years years
Pleasure-pain principle
Mothering object Trust vs. mistrust
Id, the instinctive and relieves tension through
primitive mind, is empathic intervention Egocentric
dominant and tenderness, leading
Danger—during
