ATI TEAS 6 EXAM
(STUDY GUIDE)
-SCIENCE-
, ATI TEAS 6 EXAM STUDY GUIDE
(Science)
Cell
Cell: basic organizational unit of all living things. One thing in
common is they all have membranes (phospholipids).
Cell structure organization: All cells contain DNA, and RNA &
can synthesize proteins. Consists of nucleic acids, cytoplasm, and cell
membrane.
o Tissues: Cells that are grouped together
o Organs: Tissues that are grouped together
o Systems: Organs that are grouped together
o Organism: A complete individual
Nuclear parts of a cell
o Nucleus: contains chromosomes, & regulates DNA of the cell.
Defining structure of eukaryotic cells (they all have nucleus).
Passes genetic traits between generations. Contains nuclear
envelop, nucleoplasm, nucleolus, nuclear pores, chromatin, &
ribosomes.
o Chromosomes: thread like rods of DNA. Short
deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA is the genetic material that stores
information about the plant/animal.
o Chromatin: DNA & Protein makeup chromosomes
o Nucleolus: Proteins, small/round doesn’t have membrane.
Protein synthesis, synthesizes & stores RNA.
o Nuclear envelope: Encloses structures within nucleus. Made of
lipids.
o Nuclear pores: Exchange materials between the nucleus *
cytoplasm
o Nucleoplasm: Liquid like cytoplasm, within nucleus.
Cell Membranes
, Cell Membrane (Plasma membrane): Semipermeable membrane of
lipids and proteins. Made of phospholipid bilayer, hydrophilic ends
of the outer layer facing the external environment, the inner layer
facing inside the cell, hydrophobic ends facing each other.
o Hydrophilic: Water loving, can dissolve water
o Hydrophobic: Hates water, can’t dissolve water
Selective Permeability
o Selective Permeability with regards to size, charge, and
solubility.
Cell structure
o Ribosomes: synthesize proteins from amino acids.
o Golgi apparatus: synthesize materials like proteins that are
transported out of the cell. Near nucleus & consists of layers of
membranes.
o Vacuoles: Sacs used for storage, digestion, and waste removal.
One large in plant cells/ Animal cells are small or have
numerous.
o Vesicle: Has membrane, & can move materials within the cell.
o Cytoskeleton: Microtubules that shape and support the cell.
o Microtubules: Part of cytoskeleton & help support cell. Made
of protein.
o Cytosol: Liquid material within the cell. Mostly water & had
floating materials.
o Cytoplasm: Cytosol & organelles found within the plasma
membrane, not within nucleus!
o Cell membrane: Barrier that keeps materials out of cell.
Determines what’s allowed in and out.
o Rough Endoplasmic reticulum: Ribosomes on the surface,
produce & store proteins
o Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum: Helps store lipids & proteins.
(STUDY GUIDE)
-SCIENCE-
, ATI TEAS 6 EXAM STUDY GUIDE
(Science)
Cell
Cell: basic organizational unit of all living things. One thing in
common is they all have membranes (phospholipids).
Cell structure organization: All cells contain DNA, and RNA &
can synthesize proteins. Consists of nucleic acids, cytoplasm, and cell
membrane.
o Tissues: Cells that are grouped together
o Organs: Tissues that are grouped together
o Systems: Organs that are grouped together
o Organism: A complete individual
Nuclear parts of a cell
o Nucleus: contains chromosomes, & regulates DNA of the cell.
Defining structure of eukaryotic cells (they all have nucleus).
Passes genetic traits between generations. Contains nuclear
envelop, nucleoplasm, nucleolus, nuclear pores, chromatin, &
ribosomes.
o Chromosomes: thread like rods of DNA. Short
deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA is the genetic material that stores
information about the plant/animal.
o Chromatin: DNA & Protein makeup chromosomes
o Nucleolus: Proteins, small/round doesn’t have membrane.
Protein synthesis, synthesizes & stores RNA.
o Nuclear envelope: Encloses structures within nucleus. Made of
lipids.
o Nuclear pores: Exchange materials between the nucleus *
cytoplasm
o Nucleoplasm: Liquid like cytoplasm, within nucleus.
Cell Membranes
, Cell Membrane (Plasma membrane): Semipermeable membrane of
lipids and proteins. Made of phospholipid bilayer, hydrophilic ends
of the outer layer facing the external environment, the inner layer
facing inside the cell, hydrophobic ends facing each other.
o Hydrophilic: Water loving, can dissolve water
o Hydrophobic: Hates water, can’t dissolve water
Selective Permeability
o Selective Permeability with regards to size, charge, and
solubility.
Cell structure
o Ribosomes: synthesize proteins from amino acids.
o Golgi apparatus: synthesize materials like proteins that are
transported out of the cell. Near nucleus & consists of layers of
membranes.
o Vacuoles: Sacs used for storage, digestion, and waste removal.
One large in plant cells/ Animal cells are small or have
numerous.
o Vesicle: Has membrane, & can move materials within the cell.
o Cytoskeleton: Microtubules that shape and support the cell.
o Microtubules: Part of cytoskeleton & help support cell. Made
of protein.
o Cytosol: Liquid material within the cell. Mostly water & had
floating materials.
o Cytoplasm: Cytosol & organelles found within the plasma
membrane, not within nucleus!
o Cell membrane: Barrier that keeps materials out of cell.
Determines what’s allowed in and out.
o Rough Endoplasmic reticulum: Ribosomes on the surface,
produce & store proteins
o Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum: Helps store lipids & proteins.
