CULTURE MEDIA
Gram-Positive Cocci
Columbia colistin-nalidixic acid (CNA) Selctive Medium; Purulent exudates
Phenylethyl Alcohol (PEA) Selevtive and Enriched (5% sheep's blood)
Staphylococci
MSA and PEA Heavily contaminated specimens
Others BAP, CAP, BHI Thio
Mannitol salt agar Phenol Red: Yellow colonies and halo (A)
Staphylococcus aureus
Tellurite Glycine Agar Jet back colonies
MRSA Chromogenic media (Selective and Differential) Blue jeans colored colonies
Gentamicin Blood Agar Selective Medium
Streptococci
Others BAP, CAP, PEA, CNA,
Group A Streptococci (S. pyogenes) BAP with SXT
Lim broth (Enrichment medium) Imroves recovery
Carrot Broth (Vaginal and Rectal swab) Selective and Chromogenic: Yellow/Orange medium
Group B Streptococci (S. agalactiae)
Granada Agar (Vaginal and Rectal swab) Yellow/Orange colonies
Todd-Hewith Broth (transport medium) with 10ug/mL Colistin and 15ug/mL Nalidixic acid (Vaginal and During Pregnancy (Female genital)
Enterococci and Group D Rectal
Bile swab)Agar
Esculin
Enterococci Methylene Blue Milk, TSB, BHI with 5% Sheep's blood, Bile Esculin Azide agar, Colistin-Nalidixic agar, Phenylethyl Alcohol agar, Cephalexin-Aztreonam-Arabinose agar
Streptocococcus pneumoniae BAP, CAP, TSI with 5% Sheep's blood
Gram-Negative Cocci
Thayer-Martin Agar Chocalate Agar w/enrichment: IsoVitaleX and antibiotics (Vancomycin, Colistin, Nystatin)
Modified Thayer-Martin Agar TMA + Trimethoprim lactate (prevents swarming)
Martin-Lewis Agar MTM (Nystatin to Anisomycin)
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
New York City Agar (Transparent w/lysed horse blood and yeast dialysate) MTM + Amphotericin B (M. hominins and U. urealyticum)
GC-Lect NYC + Lincomycin
Transgrow, Cary-Blair, Amies with Charcoal, JEMBEC Transport media
Neiserria meningitidis Thayer-Martin Agar
Moraxella catarrhalis BAP at 22°C and NA at 35°C
Enterobacteriaceae
Lysine-Iron Agar (Deamination or Decarboxylation) Lysine, Peptones, 0.1% Glucose
MRVP broth/Peptone Glucose broth 40% KOH and 1% Alpha Naphthol
Sulfide Indole Motility Media Kovac's after 18-24 hrs incubation
Nutrient Gelatin Tube Agar (+) Liquefied gel
Kingler Iron Agar/Doudle Sugar Iron Agar TSIA except Sucrose
E.coli O157:H7 MacConkey with Sorbitol (SMAC) - stool Clear/Colorless, Only (-) E.coli
Eosin Methylene Blue or Levine's Medium Eosin Y, Methylene blue, Lactose, Sucrose
LF VS NLF (Differential media)
MacConkey Agar Selective for Gram-Negative bacteria
Selective Media: Bismuth Sulfite Agar (Sool) Salmonella: Black center
Hektoen Enteric Agar (Differential) Salmonella: Black center
Xylose Lysine Desoxycholate (XLD) Agar Salmonella: Black center
Salmonella Brilliant Green Agar Selective Media
Desoxycholate Citrate Agar For stool specimen
Selenite broth Enrichment medium
Selenite F Feces, Urine, Water Samples
Shigella Desoxycholate Citrate Agar (Stool)
Gram-negative broth Selective and Enrichment (Sodium Citrate + Sodim desoxycholate)
Hektoen Enteric Agar Differentil Medium (Bile Salts, Bromthymol Blue, Salicin, Lactose, Sucrose)
Enteric pathogens (Salmonella and Shigella) Salmonella-Shigella Agar Bile salts, bBrilliant Green, Lactose
Tetrathionate broth (biles salt + thiosulfate) Selective MEdium
Xylose Lysine Desoxycholate (XLD) Agar Lactose, Sucrose, Xylose, Lysine (Deamination), Sodium desoxycholate
Proteus Tetrathionate broth (biles salt + thiosulfate) Selective Medium
Yersinia enterocolitica Cefsulodin-Irgasan-Novobiocin (CIN)
Non-Enteric Gastrointestinal Pathogens
Alkaline Peptone Broth (pH: 8.5) Enrichment Media
Vibrio
Thiosulfate-Citrate-Bile salts-Sucrose (TCBS) Selective and Special: boiled not autoclaved
Vibrio cholerae Dieudonne's Medium
Cefsulodin-Irgasan-Novobiocin (CIN) Bull's-eye appearance
Aeromonas
Blood Agar plate with ampicillin Selective Medium
Cefoperazone Vancomycin Amphotericin (CVA Agar)
Campy-blood agar Selective Medium
Campy-thioglycollate broth Selective holding medium; used for 4°C Enrichment technique
Campylobacter Charcoal Cefoperazone Desoxycholate Agar (CCDA) Selective Medium with antimicrobial agents
Skirrow Agar Selective and Enriched w/Antibiotics
Butzler Agar Selective and Enriched w/Antibiotics
Schaedler Agar Selective Medium
Transport Media Stuart, Cystine Brucella Broth w/20% Glycerol, NSS w/4% Glucose
Helicobacter Schaedler Agar Selective Medium
CAP, MTM, Skirrow's
Non-fermentative G(-) Bacilli
Irgasan (2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenyl ether
Pseudominas
C390 (9-chloro-9[4-dietthyaminophenyl}-10-phenylacridan
Cetrimide Agar (cetrymethl Ammonium bromide) Selective and Differential (pigment enhancer)
Pseudominas aeruginosa
Seller's Agar Pigment production
Non-fermentative bacilli Oxidative-Fermentative Medium with Glucose Differential Medium
Burkholderia pseudomallei Ashdow medium with Colistin Dry, wrinkled, deep pink colonies
Small, Pleomorphic, G(-) Bacilli
Chocolate Agar with Horse Blood
Haemophilus
Bacitracin Chocolate Agar Selctive Medium
Nairobi biplate medium Selctive Medium (Gonoccocal agar + MHA + Horse's blood + Vancomycin)
Haemophilus ducreyi
Fetal bovine serum agar with vancomycin
Rabbit blood agar with Yeast Extract
Hemophius influenzae
Horse's blood-bacitracin Selctive Medium
Haemophilus eypticus CAP with Isovitalex or Vitox
Brucella Castañeda medium and Trypticase Soy Agar
Bordet-Gengou Agar Potato Infusion + Sheep's blood + Cephalexin
Regan-Lowe Agar Selective, Enrichment, Transport medium (Charcoal + Horse's blood + Cephalexin)
Bordetella
Modified Jones-Kendrick Charcoal Agar Yeast extract + Cephalexin
Casamino Acid Broth Transport of Swab specimens
Francisella tularensis Blood Cystine dextrose agar
Pasteurella multocida Grows only on BAP! Mushroom smell; Penicillin-susceptible
BCYE w/L-cysteine, Ferric salt, Alpha-ketoglutarate Rainbow Color
Legionella
Acid treatment (KCl/HCl) For contamintaed specimens
Legionella pneumophila BCYE w/L-cysteine buffered to pH 6.9 Blue-green, glistening, convex elevation
Aerobes and Anaerobes
Schaedler Agar Non-selective
Thiogycolate broth General support enrichment medium for non-fastidious
Laked-Kanamycin-Vankomycin Agar (LKVA) Selective for Anaerobes
Obligate, slow-growing anaerobe CDC Anaerobe 5% Sheep Blood Agar
Anaerobic Organisms Lombard-Dowell Medium
Anaerobic G(+) Bacilli
Bacillus PEA and Polymyxin-lysozyme-EDTA-thallus acetate (PLET) Contaminated specimens (sputum)
Phenylethyl Alcohol (PEA) Fecal specimens
Egg-yolk agar (EYA) Lecithinase production = Opaque zone
Bacillus Anthracis
Gelatin Medium Inverted Pine tree
Bicarbonate Agar Induces capsule production
Corynebacterium Christensen Urea slant Urease production
(except C.diphtheriae and C. jeikium) Cystine tellurite blood agar (CTBA) - Modified Tinsdale Selective and Differential (Sheep blood + Bovine serum + Cystine + Potassium Tellurite)
Corynebacterium diphtheriae Brown halo:
Loeffler's C. diph,
serum C. ulcerans,
medium/Pai's C. pseudotuberculosis
slant Metachromatic granules + Morphology
Tinsdale Agar (brown halo) Sheep blood + Sodim Thiosulfate + Cystine + Potassium Tellurite
Listeria monocytogenes McBride medium and Nalidixic Acid Medium 4°C Enrichment technique
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae Columbia CNA Agar Others: BAP, CAP, NB
Acid-fast Actinomycetes
Nocardia asteroides Czapec Agar and Dorset Egg medim
Nocardi BAP, CAP, BHI, TMA, LJ, PDA, SDA w/o Chloramphenicol, MB, Litmus Milk Broth, Tap Water Agar, Tyrosine Agar
Rhodococcus, Gordonia, Tsukamurella BAP Partially acid fast and slightly acid fast
Non-Acid-fast Actinomycetes
Streptomyces BHI and SDA For Isolation
Acid-Fast Bacilli
EGG-BASED
Lowestein-Jensen (LJ) Agar Special: Inspissation
American Thoracic Society (ATS) Sterile specimens: CSF and Bone marrow
Petragnani Medium with 0.052 d/dL Malachite Green) Heavily contamintaed Specimens
SERUM-AGAR BASED (Transparent)
Middlebrook 7H10/7H11 (0.1% Casein hydrolase) Bovine albumin + Recovery
Glyceerol of
+ Malachite Green + Agar
Isoniazid-resistant + Oleic acid + Beef Catalase
strains
Mitchison 7H11 Polymyxin V + Amphotericin B + Carbenicillin + Trimethoprim lactate
Mycobacterium LIQUID/BROTH MEDIA
BACTEC 12B or MB 7H12 and BACTEC 13A or MB 7H13 Antimicrobial agents + Growth enhancer (Polyoxyethylene stearate) + Growth Indicator (Release of CO2) + 14C labeled substrate (Palmitic Acid)
BBL Mycobacteria Growth Indicator tubes
Middlebrook 7H9 broth and Dubos Tween albumin broth Non-selective; For subculturing stock strains
Septi-Chek AFB Biphasic Medium
AUTOMATED
Radiometric: BACTEC 460 TB System MB 7H12 - Positive: Radioactive CO2
Non-radiometric: MGIT90 (also BacT/Alert MB Detection and VersaTREK culture) MB 7H9 (Most common) - Positive: Increased fluorescence
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Dorset Egg medium and Dubos Oleic Agar
Mycobacterium leprae Footpads of mice and Armadillos
Anaerobic Spore-forming G(+) Bacilli
Anaerobic blood Agar, Thioglycolate, EYA, PYG (volatile fatty acids), BRU/BA (swarming, double hemolysis,obligate/fcultative anaerobes), PEA, CNA, Litmus milk media
Clostridium
Pre-reduced anaerobically sterilized (PRAS) and Amies Transport Media
Clostridium difficile Cycloserine cefoxitin fructose agar (CCFA) Selective and Differential
Anaerobic Non-spore-forming G(+) Bacilli
Bacteroides Kanamycin-Vancomycin blood agar (KVB)
Bacteroides fragilis Bacteroides bile esculin (BBE) Agar (20% bile) Gray-colored colonies + blackening of yellow agar
Lactobacillus acidophilus Tomato Juice Agar pH 3-4
Rickettsiaceae & related bacteria
Rickettsia Chick embryo, Yolk Sacs of Embyonated Eggs, Tissue Cultures
Bartonella bacilliformis CAP with 5% CO2, Charcoal Yeast Extract Agar, Columbia blood Agar with 5% defibrinated blood
Coxiella burnetti Lung tissue cells Preferred
Chlamydiaceae
Chlamydia Chick embryo, Buffalo green monkey kidney cells, HeLa 229 cells, Hep-2 cells, McCoy cells, Cycloheximide-treated McCoy cells
Cell-Wall Deficient
Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma Fresh Yeast Extract SP4 medium Transport Medium: SP4 (Sucrose phosphate buffer + Horse serum + Neutral Red)
Shepard's 10B arginine broth Red colorations
Pleuropneumonia-like organism (PPLO) broth/agar w/yeast extract & horse serum, A8 Agar, Modified New York City medium, Beef/Soybean protein with serum
Mycoplasma pneumoniae Overlaying colonies with 0.5% guinea pig RBC in PO4 buffered saline Definitive Identification
Spirochaetes and Miscellaneous
Borrelia burdorferi Chick embryo and Barbour-Stoenner-Kelly medium
Leptospira interrogans Ellinghausen, McCullogh, Johnsohn, and Harris (EMJH) semi-solid Medium
Leptospira Fletcher's semi-solid medium, Bovine serum albumin, Stuart's broth, Noguchi's medium
Gardnerella vaginalis Human blood Tween bilayer medium
Klebsiella/Calymmabacterium granulomatis Yolk sac or Fresh egg yolk medium
Other Culture Media
Susceptibility test Mueller-Hinton Agar
Blood Culture Bottle Base Trypticase Soy Broth (TSB)
, pH Indicator ACID BASE Culture Media Results H2S
N. gonorrhoea: Yellow (Glucose)
Cystine Tryptic Agar
N. menigitidis: Yellow (Glucose + Maltose)
Phenol Red Mannitol Salt Agar S. aureus (Yellow colonies w/yellow halo)
Pink to Red (Shigella)
Ferric Ammonium Sulfate
Xylose Lysine Desoxycholate (XLD) Agar Pink to Red w/balck center (Salmonella)
Sodium Thiosulfate
Other entero: Yellow to Red colonies
K/K: Non-Enterobacteria
Ferrous Sulfate
Triple Sugar Iron (L-S-G) K/A:
Sodium Thiosulfate
A/A: Vibrio, Aeromonas
Moeller's/Ornithine Decarboxylase Media
(+) Enterobacter; (-) Klebsiella
Anaerobiosis: Mineral Oil (4days incubation)
OF semi-solid medium with Glucose Open tube: Yellow
Anaerobiosis: Mineral Oil Closed tube: Green/Blue-green
Neutral Red SMAC EHEC: Negative (Clear/Colorless)
Salmonella: Pink/Colorless with black center Ferric Ammonium Citrate
Salmonella-Shigella Agar
Shigella: Pink/Colorless without black center Sodium Thiosulfate
Tween 80 hydrolysis (+) Amber: Some Mycobacteria
Bromthymol Blue LF: Yellow Colonies (C. freundii: Balck center) Ferric Ammonium Citrate
Hextoen Enteric Agar NLF: Blue-Green colonies (Proteus: Black Center)
Non-enterics: Orange to Pinkish Orange
Citrate Agar (+) blue-colored slant: Klebsiella & Enterobacter
OF semi-solid medium with Glucose Open tube: Yellow
Anaerobiosis: Mineral Oil Closed tube: Green/Blue-green
Bromcresol Purple K/K (+) Decarboxylation: Salmonella, Vibrio
Ferric Ammonium Citrate
Lysine Iron Agar K/A (-) Both: Shigella, Citrobacter
Sodium Thiosulfate
R/A (+) Deamination: PPM
Moeller's/Ornithine Decarboxylase Media (+) Enterobacter; (-) Klebsiella
OF w/1% CHO: Hugh and Leifson Open tube: Yellow
Anaerobiosis: Mineral Oil Closed tube: Green/Blue-green
Methylene Blue and Eosin LF: Purple color (E.coli: Greenish metallic sheen)
Eosine Methylene Blue agar/Levine's NLF: Colorless colonies
Other coliforms: Pink color
Andrade's Acid Fuchsin OF semi-solid medium with Glucose Open tube: Yellow
Anaerobiosis: Mineral Oil Closed tube: Green/Blue-green
Thymol/Parathymol Blue G Y Thiosulfate-Citrate-Bile salts-Sucrose (TCBS) (+)Yellow Colonies: V.cholerae, V. alginolyticus, V. metschnikovii
INDICATORS
, Cell Wall Inhibitors Beta lactams Cephalosporins: Broad Natural Bactericidal
Cephalothin
Cefoxitin
Ceftriazone
Cephalexine
Cefixime
Cefoperazone
Carbanepem: Broad Natural Bactericidal
Imipenem
Meropenem
Ertapenem
Penicillin Narrow Natural Bactericidal
Penicillinase-resistant: Semi-synthetic Bactericidal
Methicillin
Nafcillin
Oxacillin
Monobactams Bactericidal
Bacitracin Narrow Natural Bactericidal
Carbenicillin Semi-synthetic
Isoniazid Narrow Synthetic Bacteriostatic
Bactericidal
Vancomycin Narrow Natural Bactericidal
Protein Synthesis Inhibitors 30S Aminoglycosides Narrow Natural Bactericidal
Amikacin
Gentamicin
Kanamycin
Neomycin
Streptomycin
Tobramycin
Tetracyclines Broad Natural Bacteriostatic
Spectinomycins Broad Natural Bacteriostatic
50S Chloramphenicol Broad Synthetic Bacteriostatic
Macrolides: Narrow Natural Bacteriostatic
Clindamycin
Erythromycin
Azithromycin
Lincomycin Narrow Natural Bacteriostatic
Bactericidal
Initial Step: Narrow Synthetic Bacteriostatic
Linezolid Bactericidal
Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors Rifampicin Broad Natural Bacteriostatic
Quinolones: Broad Natural Bactericidal
Ciprofloxacin
Levofloxacin
Nofloxacin
Metronidazole Narrow Synthetic Bactericidal
Cell Membrac]ne Inhibitors Polymyxin B Narrow Natural Bactericidal
Polymyxin E Narrow Natural Bactericidal
Essential Metabolite Inhibitors Sulfamethoxazo Broad Synthetic Bacteriostatic
le
Trimethoprim Broad Synthetic Bacteriostatic
Dapsone Narrow Synthetic Bacteriostatic
Isoniazid Narrow Synthetic Bacteriostatic
Bactericidal
ANTIBIOTICS
Gram-Positive Cocci
Columbia colistin-nalidixic acid (CNA) Selctive Medium; Purulent exudates
Phenylethyl Alcohol (PEA) Selevtive and Enriched (5% sheep's blood)
Staphylococci
MSA and PEA Heavily contaminated specimens
Others BAP, CAP, BHI Thio
Mannitol salt agar Phenol Red: Yellow colonies and halo (A)
Staphylococcus aureus
Tellurite Glycine Agar Jet back colonies
MRSA Chromogenic media (Selective and Differential) Blue jeans colored colonies
Gentamicin Blood Agar Selective Medium
Streptococci
Others BAP, CAP, PEA, CNA,
Group A Streptococci (S. pyogenes) BAP with SXT
Lim broth (Enrichment medium) Imroves recovery
Carrot Broth (Vaginal and Rectal swab) Selective and Chromogenic: Yellow/Orange medium
Group B Streptococci (S. agalactiae)
Granada Agar (Vaginal and Rectal swab) Yellow/Orange colonies
Todd-Hewith Broth (transport medium) with 10ug/mL Colistin and 15ug/mL Nalidixic acid (Vaginal and During Pregnancy (Female genital)
Enterococci and Group D Rectal
Bile swab)Agar
Esculin
Enterococci Methylene Blue Milk, TSB, BHI with 5% Sheep's blood, Bile Esculin Azide agar, Colistin-Nalidixic agar, Phenylethyl Alcohol agar, Cephalexin-Aztreonam-Arabinose agar
Streptocococcus pneumoniae BAP, CAP, TSI with 5% Sheep's blood
Gram-Negative Cocci
Thayer-Martin Agar Chocalate Agar w/enrichment: IsoVitaleX and antibiotics (Vancomycin, Colistin, Nystatin)
Modified Thayer-Martin Agar TMA + Trimethoprim lactate (prevents swarming)
Martin-Lewis Agar MTM (Nystatin to Anisomycin)
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
New York City Agar (Transparent w/lysed horse blood and yeast dialysate) MTM + Amphotericin B (M. hominins and U. urealyticum)
GC-Lect NYC + Lincomycin
Transgrow, Cary-Blair, Amies with Charcoal, JEMBEC Transport media
Neiserria meningitidis Thayer-Martin Agar
Moraxella catarrhalis BAP at 22°C and NA at 35°C
Enterobacteriaceae
Lysine-Iron Agar (Deamination or Decarboxylation) Lysine, Peptones, 0.1% Glucose
MRVP broth/Peptone Glucose broth 40% KOH and 1% Alpha Naphthol
Sulfide Indole Motility Media Kovac's after 18-24 hrs incubation
Nutrient Gelatin Tube Agar (+) Liquefied gel
Kingler Iron Agar/Doudle Sugar Iron Agar TSIA except Sucrose
E.coli O157:H7 MacConkey with Sorbitol (SMAC) - stool Clear/Colorless, Only (-) E.coli
Eosin Methylene Blue or Levine's Medium Eosin Y, Methylene blue, Lactose, Sucrose
LF VS NLF (Differential media)
MacConkey Agar Selective for Gram-Negative bacteria
Selective Media: Bismuth Sulfite Agar (Sool) Salmonella: Black center
Hektoen Enteric Agar (Differential) Salmonella: Black center
Xylose Lysine Desoxycholate (XLD) Agar Salmonella: Black center
Salmonella Brilliant Green Agar Selective Media
Desoxycholate Citrate Agar For stool specimen
Selenite broth Enrichment medium
Selenite F Feces, Urine, Water Samples
Shigella Desoxycholate Citrate Agar (Stool)
Gram-negative broth Selective and Enrichment (Sodium Citrate + Sodim desoxycholate)
Hektoen Enteric Agar Differentil Medium (Bile Salts, Bromthymol Blue, Salicin, Lactose, Sucrose)
Enteric pathogens (Salmonella and Shigella) Salmonella-Shigella Agar Bile salts, bBrilliant Green, Lactose
Tetrathionate broth (biles salt + thiosulfate) Selective MEdium
Xylose Lysine Desoxycholate (XLD) Agar Lactose, Sucrose, Xylose, Lysine (Deamination), Sodium desoxycholate
Proteus Tetrathionate broth (biles salt + thiosulfate) Selective Medium
Yersinia enterocolitica Cefsulodin-Irgasan-Novobiocin (CIN)
Non-Enteric Gastrointestinal Pathogens
Alkaline Peptone Broth (pH: 8.5) Enrichment Media
Vibrio
Thiosulfate-Citrate-Bile salts-Sucrose (TCBS) Selective and Special: boiled not autoclaved
Vibrio cholerae Dieudonne's Medium
Cefsulodin-Irgasan-Novobiocin (CIN) Bull's-eye appearance
Aeromonas
Blood Agar plate with ampicillin Selective Medium
Cefoperazone Vancomycin Amphotericin (CVA Agar)
Campy-blood agar Selective Medium
Campy-thioglycollate broth Selective holding medium; used for 4°C Enrichment technique
Campylobacter Charcoal Cefoperazone Desoxycholate Agar (CCDA) Selective Medium with antimicrobial agents
Skirrow Agar Selective and Enriched w/Antibiotics
Butzler Agar Selective and Enriched w/Antibiotics
Schaedler Agar Selective Medium
Transport Media Stuart, Cystine Brucella Broth w/20% Glycerol, NSS w/4% Glucose
Helicobacter Schaedler Agar Selective Medium
CAP, MTM, Skirrow's
Non-fermentative G(-) Bacilli
Irgasan (2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenyl ether
Pseudominas
C390 (9-chloro-9[4-dietthyaminophenyl}-10-phenylacridan
Cetrimide Agar (cetrymethl Ammonium bromide) Selective and Differential (pigment enhancer)
Pseudominas aeruginosa
Seller's Agar Pigment production
Non-fermentative bacilli Oxidative-Fermentative Medium with Glucose Differential Medium
Burkholderia pseudomallei Ashdow medium with Colistin Dry, wrinkled, deep pink colonies
Small, Pleomorphic, G(-) Bacilli
Chocolate Agar with Horse Blood
Haemophilus
Bacitracin Chocolate Agar Selctive Medium
Nairobi biplate medium Selctive Medium (Gonoccocal agar + MHA + Horse's blood + Vancomycin)
Haemophilus ducreyi
Fetal bovine serum agar with vancomycin
Rabbit blood agar with Yeast Extract
Hemophius influenzae
Horse's blood-bacitracin Selctive Medium
Haemophilus eypticus CAP with Isovitalex or Vitox
Brucella Castañeda medium and Trypticase Soy Agar
Bordet-Gengou Agar Potato Infusion + Sheep's blood + Cephalexin
Regan-Lowe Agar Selective, Enrichment, Transport medium (Charcoal + Horse's blood + Cephalexin)
Bordetella
Modified Jones-Kendrick Charcoal Agar Yeast extract + Cephalexin
Casamino Acid Broth Transport of Swab specimens
Francisella tularensis Blood Cystine dextrose agar
Pasteurella multocida Grows only on BAP! Mushroom smell; Penicillin-susceptible
BCYE w/L-cysteine, Ferric salt, Alpha-ketoglutarate Rainbow Color
Legionella
Acid treatment (KCl/HCl) For contamintaed specimens
Legionella pneumophila BCYE w/L-cysteine buffered to pH 6.9 Blue-green, glistening, convex elevation
Aerobes and Anaerobes
Schaedler Agar Non-selective
Thiogycolate broth General support enrichment medium for non-fastidious
Laked-Kanamycin-Vankomycin Agar (LKVA) Selective for Anaerobes
Obligate, slow-growing anaerobe CDC Anaerobe 5% Sheep Blood Agar
Anaerobic Organisms Lombard-Dowell Medium
Anaerobic G(+) Bacilli
Bacillus PEA and Polymyxin-lysozyme-EDTA-thallus acetate (PLET) Contaminated specimens (sputum)
Phenylethyl Alcohol (PEA) Fecal specimens
Egg-yolk agar (EYA) Lecithinase production = Opaque zone
Bacillus Anthracis
Gelatin Medium Inverted Pine tree
Bicarbonate Agar Induces capsule production
Corynebacterium Christensen Urea slant Urease production
(except C.diphtheriae and C. jeikium) Cystine tellurite blood agar (CTBA) - Modified Tinsdale Selective and Differential (Sheep blood + Bovine serum + Cystine + Potassium Tellurite)
Corynebacterium diphtheriae Brown halo:
Loeffler's C. diph,
serum C. ulcerans,
medium/Pai's C. pseudotuberculosis
slant Metachromatic granules + Morphology
Tinsdale Agar (brown halo) Sheep blood + Sodim Thiosulfate + Cystine + Potassium Tellurite
Listeria monocytogenes McBride medium and Nalidixic Acid Medium 4°C Enrichment technique
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae Columbia CNA Agar Others: BAP, CAP, NB
Acid-fast Actinomycetes
Nocardia asteroides Czapec Agar and Dorset Egg medim
Nocardi BAP, CAP, BHI, TMA, LJ, PDA, SDA w/o Chloramphenicol, MB, Litmus Milk Broth, Tap Water Agar, Tyrosine Agar
Rhodococcus, Gordonia, Tsukamurella BAP Partially acid fast and slightly acid fast
Non-Acid-fast Actinomycetes
Streptomyces BHI and SDA For Isolation
Acid-Fast Bacilli
EGG-BASED
Lowestein-Jensen (LJ) Agar Special: Inspissation
American Thoracic Society (ATS) Sterile specimens: CSF and Bone marrow
Petragnani Medium with 0.052 d/dL Malachite Green) Heavily contamintaed Specimens
SERUM-AGAR BASED (Transparent)
Middlebrook 7H10/7H11 (0.1% Casein hydrolase) Bovine albumin + Recovery
Glyceerol of
+ Malachite Green + Agar
Isoniazid-resistant + Oleic acid + Beef Catalase
strains
Mitchison 7H11 Polymyxin V + Amphotericin B + Carbenicillin + Trimethoprim lactate
Mycobacterium LIQUID/BROTH MEDIA
BACTEC 12B or MB 7H12 and BACTEC 13A or MB 7H13 Antimicrobial agents + Growth enhancer (Polyoxyethylene stearate) + Growth Indicator (Release of CO2) + 14C labeled substrate (Palmitic Acid)
BBL Mycobacteria Growth Indicator tubes
Middlebrook 7H9 broth and Dubos Tween albumin broth Non-selective; For subculturing stock strains
Septi-Chek AFB Biphasic Medium
AUTOMATED
Radiometric: BACTEC 460 TB System MB 7H12 - Positive: Radioactive CO2
Non-radiometric: MGIT90 (also BacT/Alert MB Detection and VersaTREK culture) MB 7H9 (Most common) - Positive: Increased fluorescence
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Dorset Egg medium and Dubos Oleic Agar
Mycobacterium leprae Footpads of mice and Armadillos
Anaerobic Spore-forming G(+) Bacilli
Anaerobic blood Agar, Thioglycolate, EYA, PYG (volatile fatty acids), BRU/BA (swarming, double hemolysis,obligate/fcultative anaerobes), PEA, CNA, Litmus milk media
Clostridium
Pre-reduced anaerobically sterilized (PRAS) and Amies Transport Media
Clostridium difficile Cycloserine cefoxitin fructose agar (CCFA) Selective and Differential
Anaerobic Non-spore-forming G(+) Bacilli
Bacteroides Kanamycin-Vancomycin blood agar (KVB)
Bacteroides fragilis Bacteroides bile esculin (BBE) Agar (20% bile) Gray-colored colonies + blackening of yellow agar
Lactobacillus acidophilus Tomato Juice Agar pH 3-4
Rickettsiaceae & related bacteria
Rickettsia Chick embryo, Yolk Sacs of Embyonated Eggs, Tissue Cultures
Bartonella bacilliformis CAP with 5% CO2, Charcoal Yeast Extract Agar, Columbia blood Agar with 5% defibrinated blood
Coxiella burnetti Lung tissue cells Preferred
Chlamydiaceae
Chlamydia Chick embryo, Buffalo green monkey kidney cells, HeLa 229 cells, Hep-2 cells, McCoy cells, Cycloheximide-treated McCoy cells
Cell-Wall Deficient
Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma Fresh Yeast Extract SP4 medium Transport Medium: SP4 (Sucrose phosphate buffer + Horse serum + Neutral Red)
Shepard's 10B arginine broth Red colorations
Pleuropneumonia-like organism (PPLO) broth/agar w/yeast extract & horse serum, A8 Agar, Modified New York City medium, Beef/Soybean protein with serum
Mycoplasma pneumoniae Overlaying colonies with 0.5% guinea pig RBC in PO4 buffered saline Definitive Identification
Spirochaetes and Miscellaneous
Borrelia burdorferi Chick embryo and Barbour-Stoenner-Kelly medium
Leptospira interrogans Ellinghausen, McCullogh, Johnsohn, and Harris (EMJH) semi-solid Medium
Leptospira Fletcher's semi-solid medium, Bovine serum albumin, Stuart's broth, Noguchi's medium
Gardnerella vaginalis Human blood Tween bilayer medium
Klebsiella/Calymmabacterium granulomatis Yolk sac or Fresh egg yolk medium
Other Culture Media
Susceptibility test Mueller-Hinton Agar
Blood Culture Bottle Base Trypticase Soy Broth (TSB)
, pH Indicator ACID BASE Culture Media Results H2S
N. gonorrhoea: Yellow (Glucose)
Cystine Tryptic Agar
N. menigitidis: Yellow (Glucose + Maltose)
Phenol Red Mannitol Salt Agar S. aureus (Yellow colonies w/yellow halo)
Pink to Red (Shigella)
Ferric Ammonium Sulfate
Xylose Lysine Desoxycholate (XLD) Agar Pink to Red w/balck center (Salmonella)
Sodium Thiosulfate
Other entero: Yellow to Red colonies
K/K: Non-Enterobacteria
Ferrous Sulfate
Triple Sugar Iron (L-S-G) K/A:
Sodium Thiosulfate
A/A: Vibrio, Aeromonas
Moeller's/Ornithine Decarboxylase Media
(+) Enterobacter; (-) Klebsiella
Anaerobiosis: Mineral Oil (4days incubation)
OF semi-solid medium with Glucose Open tube: Yellow
Anaerobiosis: Mineral Oil Closed tube: Green/Blue-green
Neutral Red SMAC EHEC: Negative (Clear/Colorless)
Salmonella: Pink/Colorless with black center Ferric Ammonium Citrate
Salmonella-Shigella Agar
Shigella: Pink/Colorless without black center Sodium Thiosulfate
Tween 80 hydrolysis (+) Amber: Some Mycobacteria
Bromthymol Blue LF: Yellow Colonies (C. freundii: Balck center) Ferric Ammonium Citrate
Hextoen Enteric Agar NLF: Blue-Green colonies (Proteus: Black Center)
Non-enterics: Orange to Pinkish Orange
Citrate Agar (+) blue-colored slant: Klebsiella & Enterobacter
OF semi-solid medium with Glucose Open tube: Yellow
Anaerobiosis: Mineral Oil Closed tube: Green/Blue-green
Bromcresol Purple K/K (+) Decarboxylation: Salmonella, Vibrio
Ferric Ammonium Citrate
Lysine Iron Agar K/A (-) Both: Shigella, Citrobacter
Sodium Thiosulfate
R/A (+) Deamination: PPM
Moeller's/Ornithine Decarboxylase Media (+) Enterobacter; (-) Klebsiella
OF w/1% CHO: Hugh and Leifson Open tube: Yellow
Anaerobiosis: Mineral Oil Closed tube: Green/Blue-green
Methylene Blue and Eosin LF: Purple color (E.coli: Greenish metallic sheen)
Eosine Methylene Blue agar/Levine's NLF: Colorless colonies
Other coliforms: Pink color
Andrade's Acid Fuchsin OF semi-solid medium with Glucose Open tube: Yellow
Anaerobiosis: Mineral Oil Closed tube: Green/Blue-green
Thymol/Parathymol Blue G Y Thiosulfate-Citrate-Bile salts-Sucrose (TCBS) (+)Yellow Colonies: V.cholerae, V. alginolyticus, V. metschnikovii
INDICATORS
, Cell Wall Inhibitors Beta lactams Cephalosporins: Broad Natural Bactericidal
Cephalothin
Cefoxitin
Ceftriazone
Cephalexine
Cefixime
Cefoperazone
Carbanepem: Broad Natural Bactericidal
Imipenem
Meropenem
Ertapenem
Penicillin Narrow Natural Bactericidal
Penicillinase-resistant: Semi-synthetic Bactericidal
Methicillin
Nafcillin
Oxacillin
Monobactams Bactericidal
Bacitracin Narrow Natural Bactericidal
Carbenicillin Semi-synthetic
Isoniazid Narrow Synthetic Bacteriostatic
Bactericidal
Vancomycin Narrow Natural Bactericidal
Protein Synthesis Inhibitors 30S Aminoglycosides Narrow Natural Bactericidal
Amikacin
Gentamicin
Kanamycin
Neomycin
Streptomycin
Tobramycin
Tetracyclines Broad Natural Bacteriostatic
Spectinomycins Broad Natural Bacteriostatic
50S Chloramphenicol Broad Synthetic Bacteriostatic
Macrolides: Narrow Natural Bacteriostatic
Clindamycin
Erythromycin
Azithromycin
Lincomycin Narrow Natural Bacteriostatic
Bactericidal
Initial Step: Narrow Synthetic Bacteriostatic
Linezolid Bactericidal
Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors Rifampicin Broad Natural Bacteriostatic
Quinolones: Broad Natural Bactericidal
Ciprofloxacin
Levofloxacin
Nofloxacin
Metronidazole Narrow Synthetic Bactericidal
Cell Membrac]ne Inhibitors Polymyxin B Narrow Natural Bactericidal
Polymyxin E Narrow Natural Bactericidal
Essential Metabolite Inhibitors Sulfamethoxazo Broad Synthetic Bacteriostatic
le
Trimethoprim Broad Synthetic Bacteriostatic
Dapsone Narrow Synthetic Bacteriostatic
Isoniazid Narrow Synthetic Bacteriostatic
Bactericidal
ANTIBIOTICS
