United States University FNP 590 MIDTERM & FINALS 2021-ALL ANSWERS CORRECT

Midterm Ch 1-8 Finals Ch 1-14, 25 CHAPTER 1 Which model of health is most likely used by a person who does not believe in preventive health care? Question options: Clinical model Role performance model Adaptive model Eudaimonistic model The clinical model of health views the absence of signs and symptoms of disease as indicative of health. People who use this model wait until they are very sick to seek care. A person with chronic back pain is cared for by her primary care provider as well as receives acupuncture. Which model of health does this person likely favor? Question options: Clinical model Role performance model Adaptive model Eudaimonistic model The eudaimonistic model embodies the interaction and interrelationships among physical, social, psychological, and spiritual aspects of life and the environment in goal attainment and creating meaningin life. Practitioners who practice the clinical model may not be enough for someone who believes in the eudaimonistic model. Those who believe in the eudaimonistic model often look for alternative providers of care. A state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that realizes a person’s potential and is experienced within a developmental context is known as: Question options: growth and development. health. functioning. high-level wellness. Health is defined as a state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that realizes a person’s potential and is experienced within a developmental context. Which US report is considered a landmark document in creating a global approach to health? Question options: The 1990 Health Objectives for the Nation: A Midcourse Review Healthy People 2020 Healthy People 2000 The U.S. Surgeon General Report Healthy People 2000 and its Midcourse Review and 1995 Revisions were landmark documents in which a consortium of people representing national organizations worked with US Public Health Service officials to create a more global approach to health.Which of the following represents a method of primary prevention? Question options: Informational session about healthy lifestyles Blood pressure screening Interventional cardiac catheterization Diagnostic cardiac catheterization Primary prevention precedes disease or dysfunction. It includes health promotion and specific protection and encourages increased awareness; thus, education about healthy lifestyles fits this definition. Blood pressure screening does not prevent disease, but instead identifies it. Which of the following represents a method of secondary prevention? Question options: Self–breast examination education Yearly mammograms Chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer Complete mastectomy for breast cancer Screening is secondary prevention because the principal goal of screenings is to identify individuals in an early, detectable stage of the disease process. A mammogram is a screening tool for breast cancer and thus is considered a method of secondary prevention. In reviewing a person’s medical claims, a nurse realizes that the individual with moderate persistent asthma has had several emergency department visits and is not on inhaled steroids as recommended by the NHLBI asthma management guidelines. The nurse discusses this with the person’s primary care provider. In this scenario, the nurse is acting as a(n):Question options: advocate. care manager. consultant. educator. Care managers act to prevent duplication of service and reduce cost. Care managers base recommendation on reliable data sources such as evidence-based practices and protocols. During a home visit, a nurse assists an individual to complete an application for disability services. The nurse is acting as a(n): Question options: advocate. care manager. consultant. educator. The advocacy role of the nurse helps individuals obtain what they are entitled to receive from the health care system, tries to make the system more responsive to individuals’ community needs, and assists individuals in developing skills to advocate for themselves. During a home visit, a nurse discusses the dangers of smoking with an individual. In this scenario the nurse is acting as a(n): Question options: manager. consultant. educator. Health education is a primary prevention technique available to avoid major causes of disease. Teaching can range from a chance remark to a planned lesson. A nurse is asked to provide an expert opinion about the development of an education program for newly diagnosed diabetics. In this scenario, the nurse is acting as a(n): Question options: advocate. care manager. consultant. educator. Nurses with a specialized area of expertise provide education about health promotion and disease prevention to individuals and groups as consultants. A nurse is planning to deliver an educational program to individuals with diabetes. Which of the following should be the initial action taken by the nurse to ensure the success of the program? Question options: Assess the motivation level of the individualsAssess the knowledge level of the individuals Establish teacher-learner goals with the individuals Establish multiple teaching sessions with the individuals Selection of the methods most likely to succeed involves the establishment of teacher-learner goals. Thus, the first step by the nurse should be establishment of goals. A nurse who uses findings from a randomized, controlled trial on the care of Foley catheters to change practice at an institution is practicing: Question options: evidence-based medicine. qualitative research. quantitative research. clinical judgment. The practice of evidence-based medicine means integrating individual clinical expertise with the best available external clinical evidence from systematic research. Which of the following is most influenced by the social and economic environment of a community? Question options: Social health policies Quality of care Evidence-based practicePractice guidelines Social policies concerning health are influenced by the social and economic environment of a population. Analysis of population trends and projections is necessary to help health professionals determine changing needs. A major cause of death in the early twentieth century was: Question options: cancer. cerebrovascular disease. heart disease. infections. Infections and acute disease were the major causes of death in the early part of the twentieth century. Which of the following demonstrates a nurse taking action to promote health and prevent disease? Question options: Making a home visit to a person who is recovering from a heart attack Administering medications to a cardiac client in the hospital Providing cardiopulmonary resuscitation during a heart attack Educating a person about the advantages of a heart-healthy diet during a home visitSolutions for health promotion are focused on individual and government involvement. To promote health and wellness, an emphasis must be placed on primary prevention. This is often related to actions such as education that influence lifestyle choices. In the preceding example, educating a person about the advantages of a heart-healthy diet during a home visit serves to influence lifestyle choices. Which factor may have the most influence in changing the health behavior of a single, adult woman who smokes and is the care provider for her mother, her own children, and granddaughter? Question options: Education regarding effects of smoking on her health The satisfaction that she will not contribute to secondhand smoke The availability of a weekly support group A gift card for $10 to a local grocery store for every week she is smoke free Motivational factors play a role in influencing attitudinal changes. A financial incentive is an example of a motivating factor. For this wom