Part I
Bad Fish Case
1. Present the “Doctors Notes” portion of the case with a description
of the following terms or concepts:
● Diaphoresis - Excessive sweating, side effect to pill
● Motor Dysfunction - Nervous system isn’t responding
● Paresthesias - Damaged Peripheral nerves
● Cyanotic - Skin Discoloration
● Hypoventilating- Slower breathing, and more CO2
● Bradycardia - Slower heart reaction
● Gastric Lavage- Forced excessive excretion/ vomiting
● Oxygen Saturation- Percentage of oxygen in the blood
2. How many different elements are contained in a molecule of
m
tetrodotoxin? What are the names of these elements?
er as
Tetrodotoxin are contained with Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Carbon, and
co
Oxygen.
eH w
3. What type of chemical bonds are found in the molecule? Describe the
o.
structures of these bonds.
rs e
These are called covalent bonds which share electrons.
ou urc
4. As mentioned in the case description, tetrodotoxin is a molecule that
blocks voltage-gated sodium ion channels. Describe the structure of a
sodium ion?
o
A sodium Ion is smaller than a sodium atom
aC s
5. What is a voltage- gated sodium ion channel? What is it made of? What
vi y re
is its function?
It's a gate that lets certain Ions through, it is made of protein. When
one lets a little bit of Sodium it triggers a reaction throughout the gated
ed d
Ion channels, and floods the sodium to the nerve.
ar stu
6. As mentioned in the case description, tetrodotoxin is a molecule that
blocks voltage-gated sodium ion channels. Describe the structure of a
sodium ion
is
The sodium can't get through the cell membrane
7. Describe the process involved in the movement of ions through these
Th
channels
When it's at resting state it is more negative on the inside then on
the outside. Then when it reaches a point -55 in which it opens the sodium
sh
Ion channels. After that happens then the inside becomes more positive
than the outside. Next sodium potassium channels open up pumps K+ out.
Then back to normal.
8. When nerve cells are at rest, there is an unequal amount of positive and
negative charges on either side of a nerve cell membrane. This charge
difference is called an electrical potential. Describe this “potential” when
This study source was downloaded by 100000793680026 from CourseHero.com on 07-04-2021 07:59:54 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/40838493/Bad-Fish/
Bad Fish Case
1. Present the “Doctors Notes” portion of the case with a description
of the following terms or concepts:
● Diaphoresis - Excessive sweating, side effect to pill
● Motor Dysfunction - Nervous system isn’t responding
● Paresthesias - Damaged Peripheral nerves
● Cyanotic - Skin Discoloration
● Hypoventilating- Slower breathing, and more CO2
● Bradycardia - Slower heart reaction
● Gastric Lavage- Forced excessive excretion/ vomiting
● Oxygen Saturation- Percentage of oxygen in the blood
2. How many different elements are contained in a molecule of
m
tetrodotoxin? What are the names of these elements?
er as
Tetrodotoxin are contained with Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Carbon, and
co
Oxygen.
eH w
3. What type of chemical bonds are found in the molecule? Describe the
o.
structures of these bonds.
rs e
These are called covalent bonds which share electrons.
ou urc
4. As mentioned in the case description, tetrodotoxin is a molecule that
blocks voltage-gated sodium ion channels. Describe the structure of a
sodium ion?
o
A sodium Ion is smaller than a sodium atom
aC s
5. What is a voltage- gated sodium ion channel? What is it made of? What
vi y re
is its function?
It's a gate that lets certain Ions through, it is made of protein. When
one lets a little bit of Sodium it triggers a reaction throughout the gated
ed d
Ion channels, and floods the sodium to the nerve.
ar stu
6. As mentioned in the case description, tetrodotoxin is a molecule that
blocks voltage-gated sodium ion channels. Describe the structure of a
sodium ion
is
The sodium can't get through the cell membrane
7. Describe the process involved in the movement of ions through these
Th
channels
When it's at resting state it is more negative on the inside then on
the outside. Then when it reaches a point -55 in which it opens the sodium
sh
Ion channels. After that happens then the inside becomes more positive
than the outside. Next sodium potassium channels open up pumps K+ out.
Then back to normal.
8. When nerve cells are at rest, there is an unequal amount of positive and
negative charges on either side of a nerve cell membrane. This charge
difference is called an electrical potential. Describe this “potential” when
This study source was downloaded by 100000793680026 from CourseHero.com on 07-04-2021 07:59:54 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/40838493/Bad-Fish/
